Antibacterial drugs should only be used for infections caused by bacteria. In the hospital for severe and life-threatening infectious diseases (for example, meningitis - inflammation of the membranes of the brain, pneumonia - pneumonia, etc.), responsibility for the correct choice of medicine lies entirely with the doctor, who is based on observation data of the patient ( clinical picture) and on the results of special studies.
For mild infections occurring in “home” (outpatient) conditions, the situation is fundamentally different. The doctor examines the child and prescribes medications, and sometimes this is accompanied by explanations and answers to questions, sometimes not. Often, parents themselves ask the doctor to prescribe an antibiotic. In such situations, it is sometimes psychologically easier for a pediatrician to write a prescription than to risk his reputation and waste time explaining the inappropriateness of such a prescription.
In any case, the doctor must follow two basic principles antibacterial therapy:
Reliable external signs or simple and cheap laboratory methods allowing to distinguish between viral and bacterial nature of infections respiratory tract, unfortunately no. At the same time, it is known that acute rhinitis (runny nose) and acute bronchitis(inflammation of the bronchial mucosa) are almost always caused by viruses, and tonsillitis (inflammation palatine tonsils and pharynx), acute otitis (inflammation of the ear) and sinusitis (inflammation of the mucous membrane of the paranasal sinuses) in a significant proportion of cases - by bacteria.
It is natural to assume that approaches to antibacterial therapy for individual acute infections upper respiratory tract should be slightly different.
At acute rhinitis(runny nose) and bronchitis, antibacterial drugs are not indicated. In practice, everything happens differently: one or two days elevated temperature and a cough in a child, parents, as a rule, do not give the child antibacterial drugs. But then they begin to fear that bronchitis will be complicated by pneumonia, and decide to use antibiotics. It is worth noting here that such a complication is possible, but it practically does not depend on previous use of antibacterial drugs. The main signs of the development of pneumonia are deterioration of the condition (further increase in body temperature, increased cough, and the appearance of shortness of breath). In such a situation, you should immediately call a doctor who will decide whether the treatment needs to be adjusted.
If the condition does not worsen, but does not improve significantly, then there is no obvious reason for prescribing antibacterial drugs. However, it is during this period that some parents cannot stand it and begin to give drugs to their children “just in case.”
It should be especially noted that the very popular criterion for prescribing antibacterial drugs for viral infections - maintaining an elevated temperature for 3 days - is absolutely not justified. The natural duration of the febrile period during viral respiratory tract infections in children varies significantly; fluctuations are possible from 3 to 7 days, and sometimes more. Longer preservation of the so-called low-grade fever(37.0-37.5 0 C) is not necessarily associated with the development of bacterial complications, but may be a consequence of completely different reasons. In such situations, the use of antibiotics is doomed to failure.
Typical sign viral infection is a persistent cough with improvement general condition and normalization of body temperature. It must be remembered that antibacterial drugs are not antitussives. In this situation, parents have ample opportunities to use folk antitussives. Cough is a natural defense mechanism and is the last of all symptoms of the disease to disappear. However, if a child has an intense cough that persists for 3-4 weeks or more, it is necessary to look for its cause.
In acute otitis, the tactics of antibacterial therapy are different, since the probability of the bacterial nature of this disease reaches 40-60%. Taking this into account, until recently, antibacterial drugs were prescribed to all patients.
As practice shows, for acute otitis Intense pain is characteristic in the first 24-48 hours, then in most children the condition improves significantly and the disease goes away on its own. After 48 hours, symptoms persist in only a third of young patients. There are interesting calculations showing that if antibacterial drugs are prescribed to all children with acute otitis, then they can provide some help (reducing the febrile period and duration of pain) only to those patients who were not expected to recover quickly on their own. Only 1 in 20 children can be like this.
What will happen to the remaining 19 children? Upon admission modern drugs a group of penicillins, such as amoxicillin or augmentin, nothing particularly bad will happen. 2-3 children may develop diarrhea or skin rashes, which will quickly disappear after stopping the drugs, but recovery will not speed up. As in the case of bronchitis, the prescription of antibacterial drugs for otitis media does not prevent the development purulent complications. Complicated forms of otitis develop with equal frequency in both children who received and did not receive antibacterial drugs.
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Has now been developed new tactics for prescribing antibacterial drugs for acute otitis media. It is advisable to prescribe antibacterial drugs to all children under 6 months of age, even with a questionable diagnosis of acute otitis (find out that small child It’s the ear that hurts, it’s not that simple).
At the age of 6 months to 2 years, with a questionable diagnosis (or mild course) of acute otitis media, the prescription of antibiotics can be postponed, limiting oneself to monitoring the child - the so-called wait-and-see approach. Naturally, during observation, children need to be given painkillers and, if necessary, antipyretics. If his condition does not improve within 24-48 hours, then antibacterial therapy must be started.
Of course, in this case, increased demands are placed on parents. First, talk to your doctor about when to give antibiotics and what signs of illness to look out for. The main thing is to be able to objectively assess the dynamics of pain, its increase or decrease, and notice in time the appearance of new signs of the disease - cough, rash, etc. Parents should be able to contact a doctor by phone, and also have a written prescription for an antibiotic.
In children over 2 years of age, waiting and observing for 48 hours is the most preferable tactic, except in cases of severe disease (temperature above 39 0 C, intense pain).
If pneumonia is diagnosed or there is serious suspicion of this pathology, the tactics of antibacterial therapy differ from the two previous cases.
Certain age groups of children are characterized by certain features of the prevailing pathogens. Thus, under the age of 5-6 years, according to some researchers, up to 50% of cases of pneumonia can be caused by viruses. At an older age, the likelihood of the viral nature of pneumonia decreases significantly and the role of bacteria (pneumococci) in the development of pneumonia increases. However, in all age groups common pathogen of this disease is pneumococcus, which causes severe course diseases. That's why pneumonia is an absolute indication for antibiotic therapy.
Prescribing antibiotics to children is a difficult choice not only for mom or dad, but sometimes even for the pediatrician or family doctor. Sometimes doctors due to frequent illnesses crumbs and frequent use of antibacterial drugs, you have to rack your brains to answer the question of which antibiotic is best to prescribe to a child. Unlike an adult, a little person can only be prescribed certain groups of antibiotics. What kind of antibiotics these are and at what age can they be given to children, we will tell you in our article.
There is no correct answer to this question. And the question, to be honest, is not entirely correct, since the choice of antibiotic depends on many factors:
Children from 0 years of age are allowed to use antibiotics penicillin series. The most common drugs from this group today are Amoxicillin. If your child has not previously taken any antibiotics or takes them very rarely, the last dose was more than 3 months ago, then amoxicillin will become a reliable assistant in the fight against bacterial infection. It can be taken for tonsillitis, bronchitis, tracheitis, sinusitis, even pneumonia. For skin and biliary tract infections. Amoxicillin is also included in the treatment protocol peptic ulcer or gastritis associated with Helicobacter pylori.
The dose of amoxicillin for children is calculated very simply. For the youngest children - from birth to 2 years - the dose of amoxicillin is 20 mg/kg per day. It should be used in two doses per day. Calculation example: a child weighs 10 kg 10 x 20 = 200 mg per day. We divide this into two doses, it turns out that 100 mg 2 times a day. If we take a suspension of 125 mg/5 ml, then we need to give the child 4 ml of amoxicillin 2 times a day. Antibiotics from this group are in different forms(in tablets and capsules of 250 mg, 500 mg and 1000 mg; in the form of suspensions of 125 mg/5 ml in 100 ml or 60 ml bottles; in the form of suspensions of 250 mg/5 ml in 60 ml or 100 ml). Children who are over 2 years old and weigh less than 40 kg, daily dose is 25-90 mg/kg. It all depends on the child’s weight and the severity of the infection.
For children who have already taken the above antibiotics, and those who have developed resistance to penicillins, there are protected penicillins. The same amoxicillin, but in combination with clavulanic acid. Clavulanic acid has antibacterial effect, but its main advantage is that it inhibits beta-lactamases, and helps penicillin work against penicillin-resistant infections. The antibacterial spectrum is the same as that of amoxicillin.
Here is a list of the most famous combinations of amoxicillin with clavulanic acid:
As you can see, the list of protected penicillins is quite extensive. This suggests that this combination of amoxicillin with clavulanic acid is a very successful combination that has a good healing effect not only in children, but also included in care protocols for many diseases for adults. It must be taken by children who are already 2 years old. No studies have been conducted on younger children. And clavulanic acid itself has a certain toxic effect Therefore, for very young children under 2 years of age, we choose pure amoxicillin, and for older children, protected penicillins with clavulanic acid are also available. The dosage is calculated in the same way as for pure amoxicillin (see above).
Another antibiotic that can be used in children is azithromycin. It belongs to the group of macrolides and is approved for use from 6 months. Original drug is Summed. Azithromroicin is active in bacterial infections upper and lower respiratory tract, diseases of the ENT organs, skin infections, infections genitourinary system. In general, it is also a representative of a wide range of antibiotics action spectrum. Available in the form of tablets, capsules and suspension (syrup).
Available in capsules and tablets of 125 mg, 250 mg, 500 mg and 1000 mg. For children, the relevant dose is 125 mg - 250 mg in capsules and suspensions of 100 mg/5 ml and 200 mg/5 ml. Children aged 6 months and older are prescribed at the rate of 10 mg/kg body weight 1 time/day for 3 - 6 days, depending on the nature and severity of the disease. An example of calculating the dose of azithromycin for a child. For example: a child is 2 years old, weighs 13 kg. Multiply the child's weight by the number of mg of azithromycin. 13 * 10 = 130 mg per day, in one dose. It turns out that we need to give the child 6.5 ml of azithromycin suspension (100 mg/5 ml).
Although azithromycin has good therapeutic effect, however, based on my experience, I will say that I am skeptical about azithromycin. The reason for this attitude is the frequent side effects from the outside gastrointestinal tract in the form of bloating, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea. Although these side effects disappear immediately after stopping the drug, for a small sick child this is already too much. This is my personal opinion, especially since there are more safe antibiotics broad-spectrum drugs such as penicillins and cephalosporins.
To avoid or reduce side effects azithromycin, it must be taken one hour before meals or two hours after meals.
Another group of antibiotics that can be taken by children is called cephalosporins. Among this group of antibacterial drugs, there are 5 generations, but children are allowed drugs of the first 3 generations, and some drugs of the 4th generation are allowed for health reasons. Cephalosporins can be taken by children from 6 months of age; they have a bactericidal effect against bacterial infections of the ENT organs, upper and lower respiratory tract. The 3rd generation also has a pronounced antibacterial effect against infections of the genitourinary system. I dedicated a separate article to this group, in which I spoke in detail about all generations of cephalosporins for children. Cephalosporins for children| List of analogues, dosage calculation
Sincerely, Mikhail Alexandrovich Skalitsky
Antibiotics are a group of strong natural or synthetic drugs that can suppress the growth of certain microorganisms or provoke their death. The use of such substances cannot be avoided in cases of serious illnesses in children of a bacterial nature: sinusitis, sore throat, tonsillitis, bronchitis, otitis media, sinusitis, whooping cough, pneumonia, meningitis, etc.
Not everyone can be treated with antibiotics infectious diseases. Thus, the causative agent of diphtheria, fungal diseases, tetanus and botulism in children are toxins. The cause of sinusitis and inflammatory diseases bronchial mucosa – viruses. Inflammation of the paranasal sinuses, ears and throat, accompanied by feverish conditions, are most often caused by the action of bacteria. Antibiotics act only on the simplest microorganisms and are useless against viral diseases, such as influenza, hepatitis, chickenpox, herpes, rubella, measles.
Thus, if a child has just started to have a runny nose, a sore throat, or a fever, antibiotics should not be used immediately. In addition, after a course of one of the drugs of a certain series, the body gradually develops resistance (resistance) of pathogens to this medicine and poor sensitivity to the entire range. Therefore, the prescription of antibiotics for ARVI in children is justified only if bacterial flora has joined the infection, and this usually happens no earlier than on the 3-4th day of the disease.
Each group of antibiotics has its own mechanisms of action on microorganisms and affects a specific group of bacteria. Therefore, before prescribing drugs, it is necessary to take smears (tests for bacterial culture) from the throat and nose with determination of the sensitivity of microflora to certain groups of antibiotics.
However, doctors do not always have this opportunity, since the results of smears can be expected only 3-7 days after the test, and the child’s condition is already critical at the moment; in this case, broad-spectrum antibiotics are prescribed.
This is the main category of antibiotics that are prescribed to children for respiratory diseases. Penicillins interfere with the synthesis of basic substances that are part of the cell membranes of pathogenic bacteria, thereby causing their death.
Semi-synthetic antibiotics that are more resistant to enzymes produced by pathogenic microorganisms. Their mechanism of action is to suppress the growth of bacteria and their ability to reproduce. Prescribed when antibiotics from the previous group are ineffective over the previous 2-3 months.
Most strong antibiotics, having high activity against the bulk of pathogenic bacteria, causing diseases respiratory organs in children. They are considered the least toxic, safe, and fairly well tolerated by young patients. They have predominantly bacteriostatic properties and accumulate well in soft tissues, have anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, mucoregulatory effects.
To prevent taking antibiotics from harming the child’s developing body, parents should know a few basic rules for taking these drugs:
Any antibacterial drugs are prescribed only by a doctor. The dosage is calculated based on the severity of the disease, the characteristics of the body and the general condition of the child.
The less antibiotics are used to treat children, the better. Over time, pathogens develop resistance to any antibacterial drug, which can complicate the treatment of diseases for the rest of their lives. Another argument against - heavy load on the growing body of the child.
Some tips for parents on taking antibiotics:
V lately Many local antibacterial drugs have appeared (for example, Bioparox throat spray, Isofra nasal drops, Polydex, Sofradex ear drops, Garazon, Fluimucil-antibiotic IT for inhalation, etc.) that have a less noticeable effect on the child’s body.
All of the listed groups of antibiotics are prescribed to children only in exceptional cases, when the disease cannot be treated with other drugs, and the benefits of taking an antibiotic outweigh the possible risks.
Almost all antibiotics have a negative effect on the liver, are quite toxic, cause allergic reactions and other side effects (nausea, vomiting, dizziness, dysfunction of the gastrointestinal tract).
For infants, antibiotics are prescribed only in extremely severe cases. They are usually administered orally (considered the most gentle method) in the form of suspensions or drops. The finished mixture has a limited shelf life, so it is sold in pharmacies in the form of a bottle with powder for diluting the suspension. After treatment is completed, the drug is no longer suitable for long-term storage. If there are reasons why a child cannot take medications by mouth, injections are prescribed.
Drugs approved for use in infants:
Taking antibiotics, as a rule, contributes to the development of intestinal dysbiosis in children, since they also come under attack beneficial bacteria, living in digestive tract. Therefore, simultaneous use of drugs that restore intestinal microflora is necessary. Probiotics are live cultures of bifidobacteria or lactobacilli that enrich and normalize the flora of the gastrointestinal tract, thereby increasing the body's immunity.
Commonly used probiotic preparations:
Along with taking antibiotics, children with reduced immunity are advised to use drugs that increase the body's resistance to infectious and non-infectious infections, and tissue regeneration.
Main groups of immunomodulators:
Oh, I wouldn’t risk giving antibiotics... Especially such strong ones. Maybe we can just get by with antimicrobial agents?
Your temperature is normal even for a healthy child
Olesya, before giving your baby injections, I will advise you to go to a very to a good doctor pediatrician Netkacheva Irina Vitalievna. We were also prescribed these injections, I went to Netkacheva and she prescribed everything else without injections. Within 3 days my baby stopped getting sick.
Irina Vitalievna Netkacheva receives treatment at the Venus medical center, Ainabulak-1, building 9. Her appointment costs 2,000 thousand. I really liked her.
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Our pregnancy calendar reveals to you the features of all stages of pregnancy - an extremely important, exciting and new period of your life.
We will tell you what will happen to your future baby and you in each of the forty weeks.
Antibiotics are a group of strong natural or synthetic drugs that can suppress the growth of certain microorganisms or provoke their death. The use of such substances cannot be avoided in cases of serious illnesses in children of a bacterial nature: sinusitis, sore throat, tonsillitis, bronchitis, otitis media, sinusitis, whooping cough, pneumonia, meningitis, etc.
Not all infectious diseases are treated with antibiotics. Thus, the causative agent of diphtheria, fungal diseases, tetanus and botulism in children are toxins. Sinusitis and inflammatory diseases of the bronchial mucosa are caused by viruses. Inflammation of the paranasal sinuses, ears and throat, accompanied by feverish conditions, are most often caused by the action of bacteria. Antibiotics affect only the simplest microorganisms and are useless for viral diseases such as influenza, hepatitis, chickenpox, herpes, rubella, measles.
Thus, if a child has just started to have a runny nose, a sore throat, or a fever, antibiotics should not be used immediately. In addition, after a course of one of the drugs of a certain series, the body gradually develops resistance (resistance) of pathogens to this drug and weak sensitivity to the entire series. Therefore, the prescription of antibiotics for ARVI in children is justified only if bacterial flora has joined the infection, and this usually happens no earlier than on the 3-4th day of the disease.
However, doctors do not always have this opportunity, since the results of smears can be expected only 3-7 days after the test, and the child’s condition is already critical at the moment; in this case, broad-spectrum antibiotics are prescribed.
This is the main category of antibiotics prescribed to children for respiratory diseases. Penicillins interfere with the synthesis of basic substances that are part of the cell membranes of pathogenic bacteria, thereby causing their death.
Semi-synthetic antibiotics that are more resistant to enzymes produced by pathogenic microorganisms. Their mechanism of action is to suppress the growth of bacteria and their ability to reproduce. Prescribed when antibiotics from the previous group are ineffective over the previous 2-3 months.
To prevent taking antibiotics from harming the child’s developing body, parents should know a few basic rules for taking these drugs:
The less antibiotics are used to treat children, the better. Over time, pathogens develop resistance to any antibacterial drug, which can complicate the treatment of diseases for the rest of their lives. Another argument “against” is the large load on the child’s growing body.
Some tips for parents on taking antibiotics:
All of the listed groups of antibiotics are prescribed to children only in exceptional cases, when the disease cannot be treated with other drugs, and the benefits of taking an antibiotic outweigh the possible risks.
For infants, antibiotics are prescribed only in extremely severe cases. They are usually administered orally (considered the most gentle method) in the form of suspensions or drops. The finished mixture has a limited shelf life, so it is sold in pharmacies in the form of a bottle with powder for diluting the suspension. After treatment is completed, the drug is no longer suitable for long-term storage. If there are reasons why a child cannot take medications by mouth, injections are prescribed.
Drugs approved for use in infants:
Commonly used probiotic preparations:
Along with taking antibiotics, children with reduced immunity are advised to use drugs that increase the body's resistance to infectious and non-infectious infections, and tissue regeneration.
Main groups of immunomodulators:
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The gallbladder is normally pear-shaped.
Onion is included huge amount culinary.
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Trichomoniasis (trichomoniasis) is a disease of the urogenital tract.
Prescribing antibiotics to children is a difficult choice not only for mom or dad, but sometimes even for a pediatrician or family doctor. Sometimes doctors, due to the frequent illnesses of the baby and the frequent use of antibacterial drugs, have to rack their brains to answer the question of which antibiotic is best to prescribe to the child. Unlike an adult, a little person can only be prescribed certain groups of antibiotics. What kind of antibiotics these are and at what age can they be given to children, we will tell you in our article.
There is no correct answer to this question. And the question, to be honest, is not entirely correct, since the choice of antibiotic depends on many factors:
Children from 0 years of age are allowed to use penicillin antibiotics. The most common drugs from this group today are Amoxicillin. If your child has not previously taken any antibiotics or takes them very rarely, the last dose was more than 3 months ago, then amoxicillin will become a reliable assistant in the fight against bacterial infection. It can be taken for tonsillitis, bronchitis, tracheitis, sinusitis, even pneumonia. For skin and biliary tract infections. Amoxicillin is also included in the treatment protocol for peptic ulcers or gastritis associated with Helicobacter pylori.
The dose of amoxicillin for children is calculated very simply. For the youngest children - from birth to 2 years - the dose of amoxicillin is 20 mg/kg per day. It should be used in two doses per day. Calculation example: a child weighs 10 kg 10 x 20 = 200 mg per day. We divide this into two doses, it turns out that 100 mg 2 times a day. If we take a suspension of 125 mg/5 ml, then we need to give the child 4 ml of amoxicillin 2 times a day. Antibiotics from this group are available in different forms (in tablets and capsules of 250 mg, 500 mg and 1000 mg; in the form of suspensions of 125 mg/5 ml, 100 ml or 60 ml bottle; in the form of suspensions of 250 mg/5 ml, 60 ml or 100 ml). For children over 2 years of age and weighing less than 40 kg, the daily dose is mg/kg. It all depends on the child’s weight and the severity of the infection.
For children who have already taken the above antibiotics, and those who have developed resistance to penicillins, there are protected penicillins. The same amoxicillin, but in combination with clavulanic acid. Clavulanic acid has an antibacterial effect, but its main benefit is that it inhibits beta-lactamases, which helps penicillin work against penicillin-resistant infections. The antibacterial spectrum is the same as that of amoxicillin.
Here is a list of the most famous combinations of amoxicillin with clavulanic acid:
As you can see, the list of protected penicillins is quite extensive. This suggests that this combination of amoxicillin with clavulanic acid is a very successful combination, which has a good therapeutic effect not only in children, but is also included in the treatment protocols for many diseases for adults. It must be taken by children who are already 2 years old. No studies have been conducted on younger children. And clavulanic acid itself has a certain toxic effect, so we choose pure amoxicillin for very young children under 2 years old, and protected penicillins with clavulanic acid are available for older children. The dosage is calculated in the same way as for pure amoxicillin (see Amoxicillin dosage in tablets for children above).
Another antibiotic that can be used in children is azithromycin. It belongs to the group of macrolides and is approved for use from 6 months. The original drug is Summamed. Azithromroicin is active against bacterial infections of the upper and lower respiratory tract, diseases of the ENT organs, skin infections, and infections of the genitourinary system. In general, it is also a representative of broad-spectrum antibiotics. Available in the form of tablets, capsules and suspension (syrup).
Available in capsules and tablets of 125 mg, 250 mg, 500 mg and 1000 mg. For children, the relevant dose is 125 mg/mg in capsules and in suspensions of 100 mg/5 ml and 200 mg/5 ml. Children aged 6 months and older are prescribed at the rate of 10 mg/kg body weight 1 time/day for days, depending on the nature and severity of the disease. An example of calculating the dose of azithromycin for a child. For example: a child is 2 years old, weighs 13 kg. Multiply the child's weight by the number of mg of azithromycin. 13 * 10 = 130 mg per day, in one dose. It turns out that we need to give the child 6.5 ml of azithromycin suspension (100 mg/5 ml).
Although azithromycin has a good therapeutic effect, however, referring to my experience, I will say that I am skeptical about azithromycin. The reason for this attitude is the frequent side effects from the gastrointestinal tract in the form of bloating, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Although these side effects disappear immediately after stopping the drug, for a small sick child this is already too much. This is my personal opinion, especially since there are safer broad-spectrum antibiotics, such as penicillins and cephalosporins.
To avoid or reduce the side effects of azithromycin, it should be taken one hour before meals or two hours after meals.
Another group of antibiotics that can be taken by children is called cephalosporins. Among this group of antibacterial drugs, there are 5 generations, but children are allowed drugs of the first 3 generations, and some drugs of the 4th generation are allowed for health reasons. Cephalosporins can be taken by children from 6 months of age; they have a bactericidal effect against bacterial infections of the ENT organs, upper and lower respiratory tract. The 3rd generation also has a pronounced antibacterial effect against infections of the genitourinary system. I dedicated a separate article to this group, in which I spoke in detail about all generations of cephalosporins for children. Cephalosporins for children| List of analogues, dosage calculation
Sincerely, Mikhail Alexandrovich Skalitsky
Education: 1984 – graduated from the Kharkov State Medical Institute, General Medicine. 1992 –.
Education: 2012 graduated from Kharkov National medical university, medical practice. 2014 –.
Education: 2012 graduated from Kharkov National Medical University, general medicine. 2014.
Ask your doctor any question you have for free!
Coxsackie virus in children - how it occurs The Coxsackie virus is one of many.
Coxsackie virus symptoms and treatment in adults This year, more than ever, they have made a lot of noise.
Oh, those antibiotics! Under what beautiful names are being released, what mountains of gold they promise! I took a magic pill and everything went away. What you really need to take antibiotics for and whether to give them to your baby - we decide together in this article.
Do not resort to antibiotics every time, otherwise the child’s immune system will forget how to fight infections on its own.
The discovery of antibiotics made effective treatment some serious diseases, for example, anthrax. They have also become widely used for severe injuries, wounds and after operations to suppress purulent processes.
At the moment, there are many types of these drugs, including the so-called “broad-spectrum antibiotics,” which are often prescribed even when the diagnosis is not specified.
There are a great variety of antibiotics, and they are classified according to several criteria - by the mechanism of action on the bacterium, by structure and by the type of effect on the cell (bactericidal and bacteriostatic). It is also important to separate antibiotics according to their effect on different types bacteria:
For a baby to be healthy, vitamin D must be present in his body. It prevents the development of rickets and other serious illnesses. In what quantities to give your baby this vitamin, read here
Antibiotic treatment in children is clearly necessary when the following diseases:
Pneumonia cannot be overcome without antibiotics!
It is also possible to prescribe antibiotic therapy in children with otitis media older than six months and in children with exacerbation of chronic tonsillitis.
A high temperature without other symptoms is not a reason to treat with antibiotics. But there are two exceptions when the use of 2-3 generation cephalosporins for fever is indicated (only if examination in a hospital is not possible!):
What will happen if the above cases Don't give antibiotics? There is a high probability that with good immunity, the body will cope on its own, but the process will be longer, and the baby will spend more of the body’s internal resources. But you and I cannot say that our children definitely have good immunity- ecology, not always proper nutrition, heredity do their job - therefore, in order to avoid complications and other unpleasant consequences, Give children antibiotics for a confirmed bacterial infection.
The most in a simple way Confirming the nature of the infection for a common cold or other respiratory disease will be a general blood test. Decoding the results of a general (clinical) blood test will help dot the i's in the treatment of the baby. And how to decipher them yourself - read in our article “General blood test - deciphering mysterious signs.” If your doctor prescribes antibiotics without testing, ask for a referral general analysis or offer to do it at your own expense/remuneration. As Komarovsky says, when choosing between a pharmacy and a laboratory, you need to run to the laboratory.
All infectious diseases throats are treated with antibiotics.
The doctor may also prescribe special studies, for example, taking smears to determine the nature of the infection.
Even high temperature do not knock down an antipyretic if the child is given antibiotics at the same time.
Even the most low-toxic and “safe” from the point of view pharmaceutical companies Antibiotics are harmful to humans. The thing is that these compounds, when they enter the body, do not understand “who is the enemy and who is the friend”, they destroy the cells of all bacilli - both enemies (pathogenic) and local residents (that is, our microflora, primarily in the gastrointestinal tract and some other mucous membranes). The very balance of microflora praised by advertisers is disrupted, which leads to poor digestion, gases, problems with stool and other delights. Also, the use of antibiotics can cause thrush, more often in girls.
Antibiotics can cause problems in the digestive system.
Another consequence of the unjustified use of antibiotics is the increase in bacterial resistance to them. That is, bacteria “get used” to antibiotics, developing certain defense mechanisms. Why is bacilli resistance dangerous for a baby? Accustomed bacteria are not afraid even of strong ones good antibiotics, which significantly complicates treatment. Hence the concept of “healed immunity,” when a child does not respond to recovery even to intensive therapy.
Sometimes antibiotic therapy is necessary, and new mothers tear out their hair and curse themselves and their third-generation ancestors. But antibiotics are not as dangerous as they are often portrayed in the media or on benches at the entrance. You just need to support the baby’s gastrointestinal microflora in a timely manner with all available means:
Restoration of intestinal microflora is impossible without fermented milk products. In this article we will talk about introducing kefir into a child’s diet, and we will also tell you how to prepare this drink at home.
Children grow quickly and over time the grown body must receive vitamins and useful substances, which are missing in breast milk. For full development, babies need vitamin C, which is large quantities found in apples. This page www.o-my-baby.ru/razvitie/pitanie/yablochnoe-pyure.htm contains detailed information about the basic rules of the first complementary feeding with applesauce.
The most popular antibiotics for children should be known to any literate mother:
This drug is suitable for very young children.
Feedback from mom Eva, 1 year:
“We were prescribed Augmentin for bronchitis, a teaspoon 2 times a day. I read the instructions and turned gray: for Eva’s weight you need TWICE LESS. In general, we drank according to the instructions for a week. The temperature returned to normal as soon as they started drinking it.”
Zinnat should not be given to children under 3 years old!
Rita, Gelendzhik says:
“The whole family came down with ARVI, the child was 7 months old. The doctor prescribed Sumamed. I thought and thought, I dug up the entire Internet, destroyed my girlfriends - I didn’t give it to my son. My nose was washed, I was breastfed, I slept all day. I believe that the doctor ordered us to get rid of it.”
Oh, those antibiotics! What beautiful names they are released under, what mountains of gold they promise! I took a magic pill and everything went away. What you really need to take antibiotics for and whether to give them to your baby - we decide together in this article.
Do not resort to antibiotics every time, otherwise the child’s immune system will forget how to fight infections on its own.
Antibiotics are substances of natural or synthetic origin that suppress the activity of bacteria and some microscopic fungi. Unlike antiseptics, antibiotics can act not only externally, but also be active inside the body.
The discovery of antibiotics has made effective treatment for some serious diseases, such as anthrax. They have also become widely used for severe injuries, wounds and after operations to suppress purulent processes.
At the moment, there are many types of these drugs, including the so-called “broad-spectrum antibiotics,” which are often prescribed even when the diagnosis is not specified.
There are a great variety of antibiotics, and they are classified according to several criteria - by the mechanism of action on the bacterium, by structure and by the type of effect on the cell (bactericidal and bacteriostatic). It is also important to separate antibiotics according to their effect on different types of bacteria:
When a child is susceptible to frequent and prolonged respiratory diseases, he needs to take inhalations. In this case, parents will come to the rescue. This device is easy to use and greatly speeds up the healing process. The nebulizer can be used by all family members.
For a baby to be healthy, vitamin D must be present in his body. It also prevents other serious diseases. In what quantities should you give your baby this vitamin?
Treatment with antibiotics in children is clearly necessary for the following diseases:
Pneumonia cannot be overcome without antibiotics!
It is also possible to prescribe antibiotic therapy in children with otitis media older than six months and in children with exacerbation of chronic tonsillitis.
After taking antibiotics, the child should eat properly so that the intestinal microflora can be restored faster. Mothers are faced with the question of which complementary foods to choose for such babies.
Restoring intestinal microflora is impossible without fermented milk products. In this article, we will talk about introducing kefir into a child’s diet, and we will also tell you how to prepare this drink at home.
Children grow quickly and over time, the grown body must receive vitamins and nutrients from the outside that are lacking in breast milk. For full development, babies need vitamin C, which is found in large quantities in apples. This page contains detailed information about the basic rules for feeding applesauce for the first time.
The most popular antibiotics for children should be known to any literate mother:
This drug is suitable for very young children.
Feedback from mom Eva, 1 year:
“We were prescribed Augmentin for bronchitis, a teaspoon 2 times a day. I read the instructions and turned gray: for Eva’s weight you need TWICE LESS. In general, we drank according to the instructions for a week. The temperature returned to normal as soon as they started drinking it.”
Zinnat should not be given to children under 3 years old!
Rita, Gelendzhik says:
“The whole family came down with ARVI, the child was 7 months old. The doctor prescribed Sumamed. I thought and thought, I dug up the entire Internet, destroyed my girlfriends - I didn’t give it to my son. My nose was washed, I was breastfed, I slept all day. I believe that the doctor ordered us to get rid of it.”
Remember that antibiotic injections are extreme case therapy, and in situations where there is no threat to the child’s life or atypical strange symptoms, you need to choose suspensions or tablets (for children who can chew). Also, antibiotics are not produced in the form rectal suppositories. If your baby refuses to drink the suspension, try mixing it with jam or other foods he likes.
