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New generation nootropic drugs are drugs that are responsible for stimulating the brain and its work, protecting nervous reactions. The list of new drugs in this group is quite large. As a rule, these are complex substances that consist of the nootropic component itself, as well as a number of additional ingredients, such as amino acids, antioxidants, vitamins, which improve the functioning of brain cells.
People have been using nootropics in various forms since ancient times. The simplest and very first known nootropic is choline. The substance contains eggs, meat, fish, and seafood. After eating food that is rich in animal protein, the hormone serotonin is produced in the brain.
It is responsible for the feeling of pleasure and also has a positive effect on neuronal connections. The brain starts to work actively, memory becomes better, as do thought processes. Similar nootropic simple substances are found in green tea, coffee, nicotine, and amphetamines.
After being developed and studied in the mid-20th century nootropic drugs in laboratory conditions, a classification of these drugs was created: stimulants, reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, racetams, vasodilators, metabolic enhancers.
Currently, racetams are mainly used in medicine. These substances are the basis of new nootropic drugs. Racetams are chemical structure, which is a derivative of pyrrolidine. Today there are many different pharmacological drugs new generation.
Previously, in order to improve mental activity, plant components such as lemongrass, ginseng, and ginkgo biloba were widely used. These plants are still used as ingredients in nootropic drugs. Unlike natural natural stimulants the latter have a more precise effect on specific areas of the brain.
This makes it possible to use new drugs not only to enhance memory and improve intelligence, but also in the treatment of more serious disorders and ailments, such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. Thanks to this, these drugs are considered the most effective among all nootropic drugs.
General properties new nootropic drugs are as follows:
New generation nootropic drugs do not affect the psyche and higher nervous activity of a healthy person.
New generation medications increase the utilization of sugar, as well as the formation of ATP, and have a stimulating effect on the synthesis of RNA and proteins. The process of oxidative phospholation under their influence is suspended, and cell membranes are stabilized.
The mechanisms of action of new nootropics include:
The advantage of this mechanism of action is that no irreversible changes occur in the cortex. With the ease with which racetam molecules bind to receptors, they become detached.
Moreover, since human body does not produce racetams on its own, it is unlikely that by-products will occur that could cause negative effects. Thus, a powerful nootropic effect is achieved without side effect.
Each racetam has a unique formula that allows it to bind to specific neuroreceptors. As a rule, such drugs are used in groups in order to achieve a better effect.
The effectiveness of new generation nootropic drugs for older people increases if they are combined with psychostimulants and angioprotectors. This is how impaired intellectual functions are stimulated and corrected. For children, neurometabolic stimulants are recommended to combat mental retardation.
There are many different drugs in this group. They have different shapes and direction of action. They are mainly produced in the form of tablets, capsules, injection solutions and suspensions.
It is worth noting that the maximum efficiency of using these medicines achieved only after several weeks or even months.
Popular means are:
The modern rhythm of life can easily unsettle you. Heavy loads at work, study negatively affect the condition nervous system. To improve performance there are special drugs, which stimulate the human body and increase productivity. Nootropic drugs were created for people who have suffered traumatic brain injury and stroke. But, often, they are prescribed healthy people to improve brain function and relieve stress from the nervous system. We have compiled a rating of the best new generation nootropic drugs that deserve respect and trust. .
Nootropil is the best nootropic drug of the new generation, which is most often prescribed to patients experiencing memory problems. It stimulates separate areas brain and improves its activity. Nootropil is sold both in tablets and in solution for intravenous administration. Doctors recommend using a nootropin drug, not only for medical indications, but also as a preventive measure, especially in those moments when the stress level is greatly increased. It does not dilate blood vessels, which is very good for teenagers and students who plan to improve brain activity during exam periods.
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In official terms, Cavinton (vinpocetine) is in the category of drugs that improve blood circulation in the brain. But in my own way chemical composition, it is also one of the best nootropic drugs of the new generation. The medicine can be used for a wide range of diseases, as well as preventive measures to increase brain activity.
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Pantogam is the best new generation nootropic drug developed based on herbs. It has a positive effect on brain activity, improves thought processes and allows you to concentrate. The manufacturer assures that Pantogam is suitable even for children, especially schoolchildren during exam periods. Doctors also recommend this nootropic drug to people who are stressed and at the level of nervous exhaustion.
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The best nootropic drug of the new generation, Semax, will appeal to customers who do not like swallowing pills, much less administering the medicine intravenously. It is instilled into the nose and affects proteins that interact with the nervous system. The drug begins to act instantly; immediately after administration, you feel an improvement in concentration and a decrease in stress levels. Semax is the best nootropic drug developed according to the most modern requirements.
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You can improve memory and increase intelligence with the help of nootropic drugs that affect brain functions and increase its performance.
They are used in various fields medicine, which includes pediatrics, neurology, narcology, psychiatry, and obstetrics. Today pharmaceutical market offers big list medications, and which ones are best to take - the attending doctor will tell you.
At the core therapeutic effect nootropics are based on the following mechanisms:
Thus, medications directly affect metabolic processes Central nervous system and bioenergetics, interacting with parts of the brain.
Nootropics have the following effects on the human body:
Typically, these drugs are prescribed when the following ailments are detected:
Nootropics are used as part of complex therapy for ophthalmic pathologies.
These drugs are also suitable for children with various disorders:
According to statistics, nootropics are prescribed to every third child.
Important criteria for choosing a medicine are effectiveness, price, quality and safety. Below is a list of drugs by effectiveness:
Main active substance is vitamin B15. The drug does not have harmful influence on the human body. The effect occurs within a month of regular use. The course of treatment is up to six months. The drug costs about 240 rubles.
Phenotropil does not contain psychotropic substances and has an antiamnestic effect. Price – approx. 450 rubles.
The full effect of taking it can be felt after 1-2 months. 60 tablets cost 61 ruble.
Vinpocetine reduces blood pressure and has an antioxidant effect. 30 tablets of 10 mg will cost approximately 75 rubles.
It has antiplatelet and psychostimulating effects. It is often prescribed to children for stuttering, sleep disturbances, and to prevent motion sickness. For 50 tablets you will have to pay about 250 rubles.
Available in the form of tablets and solution for injection. Costs about 1500 rubles.
Sold as a solution for injection. Price starts from 1000 rubles.
Price starts from 88 rubles.
The drug strengthens memory, improves sleep and begins to act almost immediately. Price – 165 rubles for 100 tablets.
It has a tranquilizing effect and is not recommended for children under 3 years of age. For 30 tablets you will have to pay approximately 75 rubles.
When really existing pathology nootropics with proven effectiveness can solve the problem and improve the patient’s well-being, however, in case of an incorrect diagnosis, they will bring absolutely nothing but side effects.
Nootropic drugs - what are these medications? Reply to asked question you will get from the presented article. In addition, you will learn the history of their occurrence, principles of action, properties, indications and effects of use.
Nootropic drugs - what are they? Such medicines improve brain function, rejuvenate the body and prolong life. These are neurometabolic stimulants that have an activating effect on learning. In addition, they significantly improve mental activity and memory. The term “nootropic” is made up of two Greek words νους and τροπή, which literally mean “mind” and “change,” respectively.
Nootropic drugs do not have their own class in the classification of medical drugs. That is why they were combined with psychostimulants and began to belong to the pharmacotherapeutic group with the following ATC code: N06ВХ.
In 1963, Belgian pharmacologists S. Giurgea and V. Skondia synthesized the first drug from the presented group - Piracetam. Today, such a nootropic drug is known to most patients under the name “Nootropil”. Like a psychostimulant in the mid-20th century, it increased mental performance and did not have any side effects.
In 1972, one of the creators of this medication proposed the term “nootropic” to denote groups of drugs that improve intellectual memory, learning and attention, and also affect transcallosal potential, have antihypoxic activity and do not have a negative effect on the body.
Unlike well-known psychostimulants, nootropic drugs stimulate, which further leads to an increase in their activity, which is quantitative, not qualitative. It should be especially noted that the effect of most of these drugs does not appear after the first dose, but with long-term treatment.
Currently, more than 10 original nootropic drugs of the pyrrolidine series have been synthesized, which are in phase 3 clinical trials or have already been registered in a number of countries. Among such drugs one can highlight “Oxiracetam”, “Nefiracetam”, “Etiracetam”, “Aniracetam”, “Rolziracetam”, “Izacetam”, “Pramiracetam”, “Cebracetam”, “Dupracetam”, “Detiracetam”, etc. The presented medications have common name"Racetams."
In addition to all others, other families of nootropic drugs have been synthesized, including GABAergic, cholinergic, glutamatergic and peptidergic systems. It should also be noted that the nootropic active component is also present in other medications that have different chemical origins.
Nootropic drugs - what are these drugs and what are they prescribed for? At the core therapeutic action There are several mechanisms behind such medications:
The main mechanisms of such drugs are considered to be their direct effect on bioenergetics and metabolic processes in nerve cells, as well as interaction with brain systems (primarily neurotransmitter).
It has long been proven that nootropics are capable of activating adenylate cyclase and increasing its concentration in the neuron. Besides, increased level cyclic adenosine monophosphate leads through a change in the flow of intracellular Ca2+ and K+ ions to the rapid release of the transmitter from the sensory neuron.
It should also be noted that activated adenylate cyclase is able to maintain the stability of ATP production in cells without oxygen, and under hypoxic conditions, transfer brain metabolism to a maintained mode.
Nootropic drugs for the elderly and children are essential to increase their creativity and restore delays intellectual development. Manufacturers of such stimulants claim that their medications improve metabolism nucleic acids, activate the synthesis of protein, ATP and RNA, penetrate well through the BBB, and also increase the rate of glucose utilization.
The effect of a number of nootropic drugs is sometimes mediated through the neurotransmitter system of the brain (cholinergic, monoaminergic, glutamatergic).
According to manufacturers, nootropics can have other types of effects, including:
Nootropic drugs are recommended to be used in combination. After all, this is the only way to improve the bioelectrical activity and integrative activity of the brain, which manifests itself in the form characteristic changes electrophysiological patterns (a noticeable increase in the level of wakefulness, as well as the dominant peak, facilitated passage of information between the hemispheres of the brain, increased relative and absolute power of the EEG spectrum of the hippocampus and cortex).
Thanks to increased cortico-subcortical control, improved information exchange in the brain, a positive effect on reproduction and the formation of a memory trace, we can safely say that such drugs lead to increased learning ability, improved memory, thinking, attention, perception, as well as activation of intellectual functions .
By the way, many manufacturing companies claim that such tools can significantly improve and accelerate cognitive skills (or However, these statements have never been scientifically confirmed.
According to manufacturers, nootropic drugs have the following effects on humans:
We figured out what kind of medicines these are. But this raises a new question about how effective they are in the treatment and prevention of strokes. It should be noted that this practice is subject to doubt. This is due to the fact that the use of nootropics in relation to such deviations has not been confirmed
Before explaining why such tools are used in official medicine, it should be noted that nootropic drugs are not sold in pharmacies without prescriptions from attending physicians. This is due to the fact that they belong to the same drug group, as strong psychostimulants.
Initially, the medications presented were used to treat brain disorders in elderly people with organic brain syndrome. Although in the last few years (usually in third world countries) they have become quite widely used in various fields of medicine, including surgery, pediatrics, psychiatry, neurology, narcology, as well as obstetric and geriatric practices.
Thus, nootropic drugs are used by doctors for:
In developing countries, the products presented are especially common in pediatrics. Thus, nootropic drugs are prescribed to children for:
The best nootropic drug is the one that has a pronounced therapeutic effect and does not negatively affect the human body. It should be noted that such funds are sometimes used for:
By the way, in ophthalmological practice such drugs are used as part of combination therapy for open-angle glaucoma, vascular diseases retina and macula (“Nicotinoyl-GABA”), as well as senile and diabetic retinopathy (“Ginkgo biloba”).
In addition to medications, to obtain therapeutic effect quite often natural substances with similar properties are used. Of course, natural nootropics are not as effective as pharmacological agents, however, within a few weeks after use, patients still begin to notice improvements in cognitive functions, etc.
Currently, many people, especially those living in megacities, regularly experience mental stress. Negative influence on the organism of the inhabitants major cities Poor environmental conditions also have an impact. Stress is far from harmless. Frequent overstrain of the nervous system over time leads to its exhaustion, resulting in more or less pronounced nervous disorders and even mental illnesses. Exposure to stress factors greatly increases the likelihood of pathologies occurring cardiovascular system. On " nervous soil» often develop and.
A person exposed to regular stress has a reduced ability to remember and worsens cognitive performance. He becomes more irritable and susceptible. For many decades, experts have been trying to find means to prevent and minimize the adverse effects of stress on the human body.
We recommend reading:Nootropics are medications that improve memory ability, stimulate mental activity and make the human brain more resistant to factors such as oxygen starvation, the influence toxic substances and even injuries.
Please note:The first effective nootropic, Piracetam, was obtained over half a century ago. It was created by pharmacologists from Belgium. The drug has undergone comprehensive clinical trials in 1963.
Work on the creation of new nootropic drugs is actively carried out today. Currently, there are a number of very effective means, increasing the functional activity of the brain. They help people cope with psycho-emotional stress and stabilize the functioning of the nervous system.
The nootropic effect is positive influence on higher functions bark.
Among others positive effects modern nootropic drugs include:
Please note:The anti-asthenic effect is to reduce the feeling of general weakness and lethargy, as well as to minimize the manifestations of mental asthenia. The mnemotropic effect suggests an improvement in the ability to remember and learn in general. Vasovegetative action means stimulation of blood circulation in the so-called. "brain pool". Nootropic drugs are strong adaptogens that allow the body to adapt to the effects of various (mostly unfavorable) environmental factors.
Nootropics latest generation can increase clarity of consciousness. Modern drugs of this class do not provoke psychomotor agitation. They do not cause drug dependence (addiction) and even with long-term use do not deplete the body's own resources.
Nootropics are able to activate the process of biosynthesis of ribonucleic acid and protein compounds in the central nervous system. They accelerate energy processes in the processes of cells of the nervous system and improve transmission nerve impulses. Drugs at the cellular level significantly reduce the formation free radicals, i.e. they have an antioxidant effect. They optimize the utilization of glucose and other polysaccharide compounds. Nootropic drugs are responsible for the formation of proteins and phospholipids in neurocytes, due to which their membranes are stabilized. Drugs of this group increase the concentration of adenylate cyclase in the cells of the nervous system, due to which the process of ATP, the main energy base of cells, is normalized. Adenosine triphosphoric acid, in conditions of insufficient oxygen supply, stabilizes metabolism in the brain.
Important:nootropic drugs increase the level of formation and release of neurotransmitters - serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine and acetylcholine.
Nootropics include drugs from several clinical and pharmacological groups.
Please note:Pantothenic acid compounds include the common nootropic Pantogam, and Pyritinol is produced based on vitamin B6.
Drugs of this clinical and pharmacological group are prescribed for the following diseases and pathological conditions:
Please note:nootropic drugs are used in the treatment of such ophthalmological diseases such as diabetic retinopathy, retinal pathologies of vascular origin and open-angle glaucoma
Pediatricians can prescribe nootropic drugs to children suffering from the following pathologies:
Nootropics are not prescribed to patients diagnosed with:
Important:Nootropic drugs are not prescribed to pregnant and lactating women!
The vast majority of patients tolerate therapy with nootropic drugs well.
In some cases, the following side effects may develop:
Please note:in elderly and old age nootropics in rare cases can provoke increased severity clinical manifestations coronary insufficiency.
