Vision diagnostics. Vision test

Saving good vision requires regular examinations by an ophthalmologist. Even if nothing worries you, it is recommended to undergo a comprehensive eye examination once a year so that a possible disease can be detected. early stage, and his treatment did not cost a significant amount.

The modern high-tech equipment of our ophthalmological center and the highly qualified ophthalmologists allow us to identify possible pathological changes in the eyes already at the most early stages occurrence of the disease.

The Moscow Eye Clinic provides diagnostics for adults and children (after 3 years):

  • refractive errors (myopia, farsightedness, astigmatism),
  • disorders of the oculomotor system (strabismus, amblyopia),
  • pathologies of the anterior segment of the eye of various origins (diseases of the eyelids, conjunctiva, cornea, sclera, iris, lens),
  • pathologies of the posterior segment of the eye (vascular and inflammatory diseases retina and optic nerve(including when hypertension, diabetes mellitus, glaucoma)
  • traumatic lesions of the organ of vision

    The Moscow eye clinic is under the direction of a doctor of the highest qualification category, a member of the Russian Association of Ophthalmologists

    A unique team of doctors, where each doctor has his own narrow specialization, which guarantees an accurate diagnosis and competent treatment. MGK doctors undergo regular internships abroad.

    We use only the latest ophthalmic equipment and materials from leading ophthalmic brands.

    We guarantee the quality of all manipulations performed and the full control of the doctor and anesthesiologist at all stages of the work.

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Maintaining good vision requires regular examinations by an ophthalmologist. Even if nothing bothers you, it is recommended to undergo a comprehensive eye examination once a year so that a possible disease is detected at an early stage and its treatment does not cost a significant amount.

Safety and guarantee

The modern high-tech equipment of our ophthalmological center and the highly qualified ophthalmologists allow us to identify possible pathological changes in the eyes at the very early stages of the onset of the disease.

Painless and fast

Carrying out all necessary examinations in one place, in 1 hour, on the day of treatment!

In what cases is vision diagnostics needed?

Pass ophthalmological examination necessary for assessment general condition visual functions, prevention eye diseases, as well as to monitor the progression of the disease. In the latter case, diagnostics helps to select optimal treatment regimens for existing diseases, as well as to avoid serious complications and loss of vision. The examination is also necessary in cases of making decisions about the feasibility and type surgical interventions, if patients need them, to provide an opinion to other specialists (in antenatal clinic, neurologist, cardiologist, etc.).

How is an ophthalmological examination performed?

"Moscow Eye Clinic» has everything necessary equipment for diagnosing any eye diseases.

Diagnostic procedures can last from thirty minutes to one and a half hours, depending on the nature of the patient’s complaints, objective indications and his age.

Additionally, the thickness of the cornea (pachymetry) and the length of the anterior-posterior axis of the eye (PZO or echobiometry) can be measured. Hardware research also includes ultrasound diagnostics eye (B-scan) and computer

Most often, the retina of the eye is subject to inflammatory or dystrophic pathological processes. Diseases of this department eyeball may be hereditary, but are often associated with the influence external factors, that is, they are acquired in nature. Typically, damage to the retina occurs as a result of a traumatic effect on the eye itself or its surroundings. Presence of concomitant systemic pathology(cardiovascular, endocrine) can have a significant impact on the condition of the eye itself. Sometimes the retina is damaged as a result of tumor growth or other neoplasms.

To diagnose pathologies directly affecting the retina, it is necessary to conduct a complex of examinations and a thorough examination.

Basic principles of diagnosis for retinal pathology

  • The patient should be examined for visual acuity. In this case, the doctor determines the preservation of the function of the central areas, which may be affected by retinal pathology.
  • It is necessary to measure the level intraocular pressure.
  • All patients undergo determination of the boundaries of the visual field. For this purpose, computer perimetry is often used. This test helps diagnose peripheral lesions retina.
  • An electrophysiological examination of the patient helps to establish the integrity of the function of the optic nerve, determine the viability of retinal cells and the neurons themselves.
  • During direct or indirect ophthalmoscopy, the doctor examines the features of the fundus of the eye; based on the examination, it is possible to determine the areas of retinal rupture, as well as their number and tendency to detachment. In addition, it is possible to determine the connection between the detachment area and the substance vitreous, identify the fate of thinning, since they are the ones that require special attention during surgical treatment eye.

Diagnostic methods for retinal diseases

Patients with suspected retinal pathology undergo the following studies:

  • Determination of the patient's visual acuity.
  • The study of contrast sensitivity, which allows us to judge with high accuracy the condition of the central macular zone.
  • Study of color perception and color thresholds.
  • Ophthalmoscopy.
  • Perimetry, the purpose of which is to determine the boundaries of the field of view.
  • Electrophysiological examination techniques.
  • Fluorescein angiography, which allows you to thoroughly study the pathology vascular system eyes.
  • Optical coherence tomography is aimed at qualitatively determining retinal pathology, as well as the severity of the process.
  • Fundus photography is performed for registration pathological changes, which can be assessed over time.

Cost of retinal diagnostics

  • Initial consultation with a retina specialist (laser surgeon) - 3 000 rub.
  • Repeated consultation with a retina specialist (laser surgeon) - 1 000 rub.
  • Fundus examination with a narrow pupil - 1 000 rub.
  • Examination of the fundus with a wide pupil - 1 200 rub.
  • Amsler test (for macular degeneration) - 500 rub.
  • Electrophysiological study of the retina and optic nerve (EFS) - 500 rub.
  • Ultrasound of the eyeball - 1 500 rub.
  • Optical coherence tomography of the retina - 2 000 rub.

Above are the prices for the main diagnostic services of our ophthalmology center at the time of publication of the material. You can find out the exact cost of services and make an appointment by calling the numbers listed on our website.

Used in ophthalmology instrumental methods achievement-based research modern science, allowing for early diagnosis many spicy and chronic diseases organ of vision. Leading research institutes and eye clinics are equipped with such equipment. However, an ophthalmologist of various qualifications, as well as a general practitioner, can, using a non-instrumental method of examination (external (external examination) of the organ of vision and its adnexa) conduct rapid diagnostics and make a preliminary diagnosis for many urgent ophthalmological conditions.

Diagnostics any ocular pathology begins with knowledge of the normal anatomy of ocular tissues. First you need to learn how to examine the organ of vision in healthy person. Based on this knowledge, the most common eye diseases can be recognized.

The purpose of an ophthalmological examination is to evaluate functional state And anatomical structure both eyes. Ophthalmological problems According to the place of origin, they are divided into three areas: the adnexa of the eye (eyelids and periocular tissues), the eyeball itself and the orbit. A complete baseline survey includes all of these areas except the orbit. For its detailed examination, special equipment is required.

General examination procedure:

  1. visual acuity test - determination of visual acuity for distance, for near with glasses, if the patient uses them, or without them, as well as through a small hole if visual acuity is less than 0.6;
  2. autorefractometry and/or skiascopy - determination of clinical refraction;
  3. intraocular pressure (IOP) study; when it increases, electrotonometry is performed;
  4. study of the visual field using the kinetic method, and according to indications - static;
  5. determination of color perception;
  6. determination of the function of extraocular muscles (range of action in all fields of vision and screening for strabismus and diplopia);
  7. examination of the eyelids, conjunctiva and anterior segment eyes under magnification (using loupes or a slit lamp). The examination is carried out using dyes (sodium fluorescein or rose bengal) or without them;
  8. examination in transmitted light - the transparency of the cornea, chambers of the eye, lens and vitreous body is determined;
  9. fundus ophthalmoscopy.

Additional tests are used based on the results of anamnesis or initial examination.

These include:

  1. gonioscopy - examination of the angle of the anterior chamber of the eye;
  2. ultrasound examination of the posterior pole of the eye;
  3. ultrasound biomicroscopy of the anterior segment of the eyeball (UBM);
  4. corneal keratometry - determination of the refractive power of the cornea and the radius of its curvature;
  5. study of corneal sensitivity;
  6. examination of fundus parts with a fundus lens;
  7. fluorescent or indocyanine green fundus angiography (FAG) (ICZA);
  8. electroretinography (ERG) and electrooculography (EOG);
  9. radiological studies (x-ray, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging) structures of the eyeball and orbits;
  10. diaphanoscopy (transillumination) of the eyeball;
  11. exophthalmometry - determination of the protrusion of the eyeball from the orbit;
  12. pachymetry of the cornea - determination of its thickness in various areas;
  13. determining the condition of the tear film;
  14. mirror microscopy of the cornea - examination of the endothelial layer of the cornea.

T. Birich, L. Marchenko, A. Chekina

Vision is considered one of the greatest values ​​in a person’s life, and few people think about it when they are in good health. But as soon as you encounter any eye disease at least once, you want to give all your treasures for the very opportunity to see clearly. Important here timely diagnosis- vision treatment will be effective only if the correct diagnosis is made.

IN modern world exists large number a variety of techniques that allow you to identify any problem with the eyes at the first signs of the disease. All of them make it possible to determine the nature of the threat and tactics further treatment. Such studies are carried out using special equipment in ophthalmological clinics.

Although the process full examination it takes only an hour for an ophthalmologist to additional diagnostics It’s better to allocate more free time. The whole problem lies in the fact that during the study the eyes are instilled with special solution, dilating the pupil. This helps to see more of the lens for a better inspection. The effects of these drops can last for several hours, so you should avoid any activity during this period.

Why see an ophthalmologist?

There may come a time in any person’s life when he has to turn to someone for help. eye doctor. Such a decision is determined by a number of factors that become possible during a visit to the ophthalmologist.

  1. Comprehensive vision diagnostics.
  2. Professional equipment and high-quality consumables.
  3. Reasonable price for the services provided.
  4. and choice of treatment method.
  5. The presence of a special database where all information about any patient is stored.
  6. Individual approach and appointment of required examinations.
  7. Surgery followed by rehabilitation.
  8. Consultation of related specialists.

It should be remembered that a person’s vision can deteriorate due to various reasons. Only a modern examination will help to find and eliminate them.

General information

Vision diagnostics are necessary for staging accurate diagnosis or simply identifying the causes that impair vision, as well as to select the optimal course of treatment for each individual patient. Integrated approach to this issue will help to identify the true cause poor eyesight, because many eye diseases have similar symptoms.

For this purpose it is carried out comprehensive diagnostics vision, studying a whole list of various indicators:

  • visual acuity test;
  • finding the refraction of the eye;
  • establishment ;
  • condition of the optic nerve;
  • measuring the depth of the cornea of ​​the eye, etc.

Also on the list comprehensive examination An ultrasound of the internal structures of the eye is required to check for the possibility of pathologies.

Preparing for the examination

A complete vision diagnosis or partial examination can only be carried out after proper preparation. To do this, you should initially consult a doctor who can see if there is a vision problem accompanying symptom some other disease. This concerns diabetes mellitus or the presence of a chronic infection in the body. When compiling an anamnesis, it is necessary to take into account the issue of the patient’s heredity, which can affect his well-being at a certain period of life. Before going to the ophthalmologist itself, no special preparation is needed, except that it is better to get a good night’s sleep so that you can adequately interpret the results obtained during the examination.

Vision diagnostic methods

At the moment, ophthalmology has made great progress in understanding the eye as a separate element of the whole organism. Thanks to this, it is possible to more accurately and quickly treat many different eye problems, for which innovative techniques are used. It’s simply impossible to list them all, but it’s worth taking a closer look at the most popular and popular ones.

Visometry

Vision diagnostics begins with traditional method- determination of acuity and refraction. For this purpose, special tables with letters, pictures or other signs are used. The most common in this case is considered to be, although recent years In first place were halogen sign projectors. In the latter case, doctors are able to check the acuity of binocular and color vision. Initially, a check is carried out without correction, and then together with a lens and a special spectacle frame. This solution allows the doctor to diagnose the problem as accurately as possible and select optimal treatment to eliminate it. Patients can usually regain 100% vision after this.

Tonometry

The most common procedure of ophthalmologists, which involves measuring intraocular pressure. Similar diagnostics has a very great value when glaucoma appears. In practice, such research is carried out by contact or non-contact methods. In the first case, a Goldman or Goldman is used, which needs to measure the degree of deflection of the cornea of ​​the eye under pressure. At non-contact method A pneumotonometer determines intraocular pressure using a directed stream of air. Both methods have a right to exist and can make it possible to judge the possibility of a number of specific eye diseases. This procedure is considered mandatory for people over 40 years of age, since it is at that age that the risk of developing glaucoma increases.

Ultrasound examination of the eye and orbit

Ultrasound of the eyes is considered a non-invasive and highly informative research method, providing the opportunity to examine the posterior segment of the eye, the vitreous body and the orbit. This technique is carried out solely on the recommendation of the attending physician and is considered mandatory before performing certain operations or cataract removal.

At the present time, conventional ultrasound has been replaced by ultrasound biomicroscopy, which studies the anterior segment of the eye at the micro level. Using such an immersion diagnostic procedure you can get comprehensive information about the structure anterior section eyes.

There are several techniques for performing this procedure, depending on which the eyelid can be closed or open. In the first case, the sensor moves over the eyeball, and in order to avoid discomfort superficial anesthesia is performed. When the eyelid is closed, you only need to apply a little special liquid to it, which is removed at the end of the procedure with a regular napkin.

In terms of time, such a method of studying the condition of the eye takes no more than a quarter of an hour. Ultrasound of the eye has no contraindications regarding its purpose, so it can be performed on children, pregnant women and even people with serious illnesses.

Computer vision diagnostics

The noted method of diseases is considered one of the most accurate. Thanks to his help, you can find any eye disease. The use of specific medical devices makes it possible to assess the condition of all structures visual organ. It is worth noting that similar procedure It is performed without direct contact with the patient and is therefore completely painless.

Computer diagnostics, depending on the patient’s age, can last from 30 minutes to an hour. To do this, the person applying for the announced study will have to take a position near a special device that will fix their gaze on the image that appears. Immediately after this, the autorefractometer will be able to measure a number of indicators, the results of which can be used to judge the condition of the eyes.

Computer vision diagnostics can be prescribed by an ophthalmologist to assess the patient’s eye condition for the presence of diseases or pathogenic processes, determine the most optimal treatment plan, or confirm the need for subsequent surgical intervention.

Ophthalmoscopy

Another method for studying the human eye, in which particular importance is attached to choroid marked organ, as well as the optic nerve and retina. During the procedure, a special ophthalmoscope device is used, which directs a beam of direct light onto the eye. The main condition of this method is the presence of a maximum that makes it possible to examine hard-to-reach peripheral parts retina. Thanks to an ophthalmoscope, doctors are able to identify retinal separation and peripheral dystrophy, as well as pathology of the fundus, which does not manifest itself clinically. To dilate the pupil, you just need to use some short-acting mydriatic.

Of course, this list of existing methods for diagnosing visual problems is far from complete. There are a number of specific procedures that can be used to detect only certain eye diseases. But only the attending physician can prescribe any of them, so at the very beginning you just need to make an appointment with an ophthalmologist.

Diagnosis of eye problems in children

Unfortunately, eye diseases can occur not only in adults - children also often suffer from similar problems. But in order to conduct a high-quality examination of a baby frightened by the mere presence of a doctor, you need to have an assistant. Vision diagnostics in children is carried out in almost the same way as in adults, but the child’s head, arms and legs must be fixed in one position to obtain the most accurate results.

It is worth noting that the diagnostic methods in this case will be identical to those described above, although an eyelid lifter may be needed. Children from 3 years of age undergo pyrometry in the form of fun game with colorful pictures. If it concerns instrumental research, you should use pain-relieving eye drops.

For a better examination of the child, you should consult with pediatric ophthalmologist who has special training.

Where to go for diagnostics?

If the question of carrying out one of the methods for diagnosing eye diseases has become a priority, it’s time to contact an ophthalmologist. But where can a vision diagnosis be made so that it is accurate, correct and really makes it possible to understand the root causes of vision problems?

Of course, the most experienced specialists in this regard are located in the capital, where many ophthalmological clinics are located medical institutions with special innovative equipment. This is why even regional ophthalmologists prescribe vision diagnostics in Moscow. Best clinics Russians located in this city will help you make the correct diagnosis as quickly and accurately as possible and decide on subsequent treatment tactics. Considering the reputation of modern medical institutions in the capital and the number of clients turning to them, it is worth highlighting the following options.

  1. Moscow eye clinic.
  2. Konovalov Ophthalmological Center.
  3. MNTK "Eye Microsurgery".
  4. Excimer Medical Center.
  5. Medical center "Okomed".

All that remains for a person who has vision problems is simply to contact one of the indicated institutions and get the necessary help.

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Diagnostics in ophthalmology requires high accuracy and good equipment. For general examination the eyeball needs a microscope with a special illuminator - slit lamp , and for fundus examination - several types ophthalmoscopes(direct, reverse).

Determination of visual acuity (visometry) is carried out using projection equipment and a set of trial lenses or a phoropter. To determine a patient’s nearsightedness, farsightedness and astigmatism, a device is needed autorefkeratometer, which automatically focuses on the retina, determines the refraction, the optical power of the cornea and prints the result. To determine intraocular pressure, several methods are usually used: non-contact pneumotonometer, Maklakov tonometer and Goldmann applanation tonometer or tonograph.

Computer perimetry allows you to determine the boundaries of the field of vision in patients. Ultrasound research methods(A-method, B-scan) allow you to measure the size of the eyeball and its internal structures, study the acoustic transparency of the vitreous body and the position of the membranes of the eyeball. Keratotopograph and pachymeter give an idea of ​​the refractive power, topography of the corneal surface and its thickness. All these devices are in Ophthalmological center holding "SM-clinic". But we are also equipped with equipment that few clinics can afford: optical coherence tomograph, fundus camera, optical non-contact biometer, digital photo-slit lamp.

The parameters of the eyeball are measured in diopters, millimeters and microns, and pressure in millimeters of mercury. Most thorough research are carried out before eye surgeries, since an error in measuring the optical axis of the eye of 1 mm corresponds to 3 diopters in glasses. And an error in measuring intraocular pressure can lead to serious damage to the optic nerve during dynamic monitoring of glaucoma.

Diagnosis of eye diseases is carried out according to certain generally accepted schemes, but may also include the use of additional equipment. Patients with cataracts undergo a slit-lamp examination, visual acuity, intraocular pressure testing, optical power corneas and ultrasound examinations. In patients with glaucoma, in addition, intraocular pressure is measured using several methods and the boundaries of the visual field are checked. For patients with refractive diseases (myopia, farsightedness, astigmatism), refraction is measured not only with a narrow, but also with a wide pupil.

allows for ultra-fine diagnostics of the condition of the optic nerve and diseases central zone retina. allows you to show the patient the condition of his fundus, as well as discuss the features of vascular changes with related specialists - cardiologists, neurologists, endocrinologists. Digital photo-slit lamp allows you to show the patient a before and after picture of the anterior part of the eye surgical treatment. A non-contact optical biometer measures the parameters of the eyeball and performs an automatic calculation artificial lenses for a given refractive result. Each disease requires an individual approach and the use of special equipment, just as each patient needs special care and attention.

Prices for diagnostic services of an ophthalmologist "SM-Clinic" (Moscow)

Service name Price (RUB)*
Standard ophthalmological examination (autorefractometry, visometry, pneumotonometry, biomicroscopy of the anterior part of the eye, biomicroscopy of the fundus with a narrow pupil, total perimetry, consultation with an ophthalmologist)RUB 3,470
Extended ophthalmological examination (autorefractometry, visometry, tonometry, computer perimetry and/or contact (non-contact) biometry, fundus ophthalmoscopy in conditions of mydriasis (in the absence of contraindications), consultation withRUB 4,830
Optical coherence tomography of the optic nerve (1 eye)RUB 1,790
Examination of the fundus using a Fundus camera (1 eye)RUB 1,790
Fluorescein angiography of the fundus (1 eye)RUB 3,470
Examination of the fundus with an ophthalmochromoscope (color)840 rub.
Study of visual acuity with correction with a spherical lens740 rub.
Binocular vision study320 rub.
Pachymetry / Computer perimetry630 / 1050 rub.
Ophthalmometry / Computer ophthalmotonometry370 / 580 rub.
Ophthalmoscopy with aspheric lens (1 eye)370 rub.