Dyskinesia biliary tract - this is the presence in a person of a whole complex of certain disorders of the biliary system, which arise in connection with disorders of the motor function of the gallbladder and bile ducts. However, there are no organic changes in these organs. Patients very often experience either too much or insufficient contraction of the gallbladder.
Medical practice shows that women are more susceptible to dyskinesia. There is evidence that biliary dyskinesias occur 10 times more often in women than in men. With dyskinesia, the biliary tract does not enter the duodenum in sufficient quantities, as a result of which the patient exhibits painful sensations in the right hypochondrium. Dyskinesia is usually divided into hyperkinetic (if the condition is provoked by too high contractile activity of the biliary system) and hypokinetic (if the condition is provoked by too low contractile activity of the biliary system). It has been noted that the incidence of hyperkinetic dyskinesia is more often observed in young people, and hypokinetic dyskinesia is typical for those who are already forty years old, and it also develops in people who suffer from mental instability.
Dyskinesia is almost always diagnosed as a secondary disease. It manifests itself in humans as a consequence of certain factors leading to disruption of the biliary tract.
Thus, the disease occurs in people who have suffered at one time spicy viral hepatitis , neurocirculatory dysfunction . In children, dyskinesia can develop due to some features of the child’s constitution, with vegetative , with too sedentary lifestyle, due to, gastrointestinal pathologies , in the presence of foci of infection in the body. In addition, the development of biliary dyskinesia can be affected by poor nutrition and a number of endocrine diseases. As a rule, with an immobile lifestyle, asthenia, poor nutrition The patient develops hypokinetic dyskinesia.
Biliary dyskinesia in children and adults is considered as a psychosomatic disease that can be provoked mental trauma as well as strong. It has been proven that the motor activity of the gallbladder directly depends on stress and strong negative emotions: in this case, it slows down significantly, and stagnation of bile in the gallbladder occurs. Very often, when studying the medical histories of such patients, it turns out that at one time they had psychological problems of a varied nature.
In addition, the trigger for the development of gallbladder dyskinesia can be impaired nervous regulation of the gallbladder, period, insufficiency of the function of the endocrine glands.
There is also the possibility of joining dyskinesia to,. In patients with peptic ulcer , a reflex occurrence of hyperkinetic dyskinesia occurs. This form of the disease also threatens those who eat irregularly and too often consume very spicy foods that irritate the mucous membrane.
The main symptoms of biliary dyskinesia appear depending on which factor provoked the development of dyskinesia. As a rule, most people suffering from this disease complain of a complex of symptoms of nervousness. It's too much high level fatigue, attacks of tearfulness and irritability, palpitations, sweating, periodic headaches. In this case, patients feel pain in the right hypochondrium. If we are talking about hypertensive dyskinesia , then such pain is characterized by paroxysmal character. The pain is quite acute, but continues short period time. Pain may radiate to the right shoulder or shoulder blade. Especially often such attacks occur after eating fatty foods, strong voltage, both physical and emotional. Very often, patients with hypertensive dyskinesia note a manifestation that most often happens in the morning.
If the patient suffers from symptoms hypotonic dyskinesia , then this condition is characterized by dull and It's a dull pain, in which a feeling of fullness in the area of the right hypochondrium also appears. Such pain constantly worries the patient, while his appetite noticeably decreases, the person often feels nauseous, and belching appears. There is no rise in body temperature, clinical analysis blood also does not indicate the presence of abnormalities.
In addition, symptoms of biliary dyskinesia in men may include decreased sexual activity . At the same time, women may experience problems monthly cycle . General signs Dyskinesia is a depressive state, emotional as well as physical weakness. During an attack biliary colic the patient may experience a feeling strong heartbeat or a feeling of cardiac arrest. It may be accompanied by a feeling of fear and numbness of the limbs.
The disease continues long period, while severe exacerbations are periodically observed, which provoke stress and other basic disorders. After attacks, periodic relief occurs. Over time, dyskinesia can cause inflammation in the gallbladder and ducts, and also cause the formation of gallstones.
To accurately determine the form of dyskinesia, it is carried out ultrasound examination abdominal cavity, as well as contrast cholecystography. A laboratory blood test is ordered. To determine what changes in the contractile activity of the biliary tract function are taking place (too high or too low), the patient is prescribed duodenal intubation or ultrasound examination, before which it is important to consume a choleretic breakfast.
It should be taken into account that the treatment of biliary dyskinesia directly depends on what specific causes provoked the manifestation of this disease. When prescribing therapy, it is necessary to take into account the fact that dyskinesias are classified as psychosomatic diseases. Therefore, psychotherapeutic measures are important in their treatment. However similar treatment can only be prescribed by a psychotherapist. Patients consider their problems exclusively somatic, so they rarely turn to a doctor of this profile. If the patient has symptoms depressive state, then the patient is often prescribed a course of treatment tranquilizers , antidepressants , light drugs - antipsychotics .
All further methods of treating dyskinesia directly depend on what form of the disease is diagnosed in the patient. If a patient has developed hypokinetic dyskinesia, he should follow a special diet, including products with choleretic effect and high in certain minerals.
During therapy, patients are prescribed regular use mineral waters of a certain type. They should be drunk one glass about three times a day, about half an hour before meals. In addition, for biliary dyskinesia, the use of massage and physical therapy is effective. It is also recommended to periodically spa treatment. Sometimes it is advisable for the patient to be prescribed duodenal intubation in order to release gallbladder from bile. There is also a so-called “closed tubage” technique, which the patient can do independently, thus stimulating contractions of the gallbladder.
If a patient suffers from hyperkinetic dyskinesia, then it is important for him to adhere to a diet that is characterized by limiting irritant foods and fats. To eliminate acute conditions Patients are advised to use antispasmodic drugs and mineral waters. Surgical methods V in this case not effective.
In general, to improve their condition, patients are recommended to normalize their diet, rest and work, and exclude a number of foods from the diet. You can also use some folk remedies, in particular herbal decoctions. To treat dyskinesia, decoctions of coriander, anise, corn silk, St. John's wort, mint, sage, celandine, valerian root, and immortelle herb are used. Also traditional medicine recommends use grapefruit juice some time before eating.
Despite the fact that biliary dyskinesia is an ailment that is not classified as a dangerous disease, following a diet is extremely important for preventing further development cholecystitis and others dangerous diseases. observed depending on what form of the disease occurs. However, in general, nutrition should help normalize the motor functions of the biliary tract. If a patient suffers from manifestations of hypertensive dyskinesia, he needs to very sharply reduce the content in the diet of those foods whose consumption helps to contract the gallbladder. In this case, we are talking about too rich broths, animal fats, and vegetable oils. But not very rich broths, fish soup, vegetable oils, dairy products make up the diet for the development of hypotonic dyskinesia.
The diet for biliary dyskinesia, which is hypertonic in nature, excludes the consumption of smoked, fried foods, alcohol, and spicy foods. You should not eat ice cream or drink carbonated drinks. Such food can provoke severe spasm of the bile ducts. It is important to always eat only warm and fresh food. The diet should contain a lot of vegetables, but the amount meat dishes it is advisable to limit. You need to adhere to such dietary habits for a long time.
You need to eat food in small portions, doing this up to 6 times a day. It is advisable to eat a light meal just before bed. In general, the diet for this disease is similar to the principles of nutrition in Mediterranean countries: it is dominated by vegetables, fruits, and fish dishes. By the way, bran has a very good effect on the state of motility of the biliary tract: they should be taken by adding 1 tablespoon to everyday dishes.
To prevent the manifestation of this unpleasant illness, you should immediately treat all neurotic disorders, avoid serious stressful situations, and eat regularly at the same time every day. More important is also normal, good sleep and rest.
A variety of functional disorders of the large intestine are ailments that are very widespread today. (this disease is also called irritable bowel syndrome
, spastic colitis
) is a condition in which intestinal motor function is impaired. Dyskinesia of the large intestine manifests itself to a greater extent, and dyskinesia of the small intestine to a lesser extent. At the same time organic lesions are not typical for this disease. Patients with intestinal dyskinesia experience pain and their bowel function is noticeably altered. In some cases, there is also an excessively high level of mucus secretion: this phenomenon is typical for about half of all patients.
Intestinal dyskinesia develops as a consequence of certain neurotic disorders, serious stressful situations, conflicts, vegetative dystonia nervous system, endocrine disorders. Also a factor influencing the manifestation of intestinal dyskinesia is a hereditary predisposition to this disease. As in the case of biliary dyskinesia, this disease may result in the manifestation of both hyperkinetic (spastic) and hypokinetic (atonic) changes. Quite often both types of these disorders occur at once.
A patient whose intestinal dyskinesia progresses is very often bothered by pain in the abdomen, which is characterized by the absence of a clearly defined localization. Stool disorders and excessive mucus production are also possible. The pain can have different intensity: sometimes there is a feeling of pressure in the lower abdomen, pressure in the lower abdomen, sometimes quite severe colic. They can last a few minutes or several days. Quite often, patients perceive such colic as the beginning of an attack of appendicitis. In some cases, it even comes to surgical intervention on suspicion of appendicitis. Sometimes patients with intestinal dyskinesia note periodic alternation of constipation and diarrhea. Diarrhea especially often affects a person in the morning, after he has eaten. In this case, feces with mucus impurities are often released.
Diagnosis of intestinal dyskinesia involves, first of all, the exclusion of possible organic ailments, the symptoms of which are similar to those of dyskinesia. The patient is prescribed an endoscopy, which reveals hyperemia of the colon mucosa. At microscopic examination no changes are detected in stool.
It is important for all patients to comply healthy image life, avoid. If a person constantly develops symptoms, it is recommended that he introduce whole grain porridge, fermented milk products, and baked apples into his diet.
Biliary dyskinesia is a disease gastrointestinal tract, which is characterized by impaired motility of the gallbladder and the functions of its sphincters, in particular the sphincter of Oddi. As a result of these disorders, problems are found with the delivery of bile to the duodenum: its amount may be too small, not enough to digest food, or more than necessary, which negatively affects the entire gastrointestinal tract.
According to statistics, women suffer most from biliary dyskinesia. Some statistics indicate that women are 10 times more susceptible to this disease than men. Moreover, you can get dyskinesia at any age. There are also statistics that GIB in young people is characterized by excessive secretion of bile, and in more mature age its insufficiency for digestion is observed. Treatment of this disease has a positive prognosis if the patient consults a doctor at the first symptoms.
Biliary dyskinesia - functional disorders tone and motility of the gallbladder, bile ducts and their sphincters, manifested by a violation of the outflow of bile into the duodenum, accompanied by the appearance of pain in the right hypochondrium. However, there are no organic changes in these organs.
The definition of the form of dyskinesia depends on how the gallbladder contracts:
Depending on the cause of the development of the pathology in question, doctors can divide it into two types:
Speaking about the causes of dyskinesia, it is necessary to remember that the disease can be primary and secondary. Depending on this, the reasons that provoked dyskinesia will change.
The primary form of dyskinesia can be caused by the following reasons:
The causes of secondary dyskinesia may include the following:
There are recorded cases of diagnosing biliary dyskinesia against the background of a sedentary lifestyle, excess weight(obesity stage 2-3), excessive physical activity(especially if you constantly lift weights) and after psycho-emotional breakdowns.
The clinical picture of the described pathology is quite pronounced, so diagnosis does not present any difficulties for specialists. The main symptoms of biliary dyskinesia in adults are:
If a patient suffers from manifestations of hypotonic dyskinesia, then this condition is characterized by a dull and aching pain, which also manifests itself as a feeling of fullness in the area of the right hypochondrium. Such pain constantly worries the patient, while his appetite noticeably decreases, the person often feels nauseous, and belching appears. There is no rise in body temperature, and a clinical blood test also does not indicate the presence of abnormalities.
If we are talking about hypertensive dyskinesia, then the pain is paroxysmal in nature. The pain is quite acute, but lasts for a short period of time. Pain may radiate to the right shoulder or shoulder blade. Especially often, such attacks occur after eating fatty foods or severe stress, both physical and emotional. Very often, patients with hypertensive dyskinesia note the manifestation of bitterness in the mouth, which most often happens in the morning.
As a rule, with biliary dyskinesia, patients seek help from doctors almost immediately after the first attack of pain. But many of them, having removed unpleasant symptoms, stop the prescribed treatment, thereby provoking the development of complications:
Biliary dyskinesia has a fairly favorable prognosis and does not shorten the patient’s life expectancy. But in the absence of proper treatment and non-compliance with the nutritionist’s recommendations, the development of the above complications is inevitable. And even these diseases are not life-threatening, but the patient’s condition will worsen significantly and eventually lead to disability.
Play a significant role in diagnosis instrumental examinations sick. The most effective results are obtained by duodenal intubation, ultrasound, gastroduodenoscopy, and cholecystography.
It is also necessary to carry out differential diagnosis diseases with other pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract, in which similar symptoms are noted.
In adults, treatment should be comprehensive, aimed at normalizing the outflow of bile and preventing its stagnation in the gallbladder.
For this purpose, the following methods are used in the treatment of biliary dyskinesia:
Mandatory methods of treating dyskinesia are normalizing the work and rest regime, following a diet, taking medications and using tubes. All other methods are auxiliary and can be used at will and if possible. Duration of use mandatory methods treatment for dyskinesia is 3–4 weeks. Helper Methods can be used for much longer, periodically repeating courses to prevent relapse of the disease.
Since dyskinesia is a disease caused by a violation nervous regulation, directly depends on the state of mind, then before starting treatment for disorders of motor activity in the biliary tract when using choleretic drugs, it is necessary to restore the patient’s mental background. If the pathology appears against the background of a depressive state, it is necessary to prescribe a course of mild antidepressants. If the disruption of the bile secretion process was caused by severe anxiety, neuroses, then it is advisable to start with antipsychotics and tranquilizers.
Such drugs can be prescribed by a psychiatrist or psychotherapist. In addition, the cause of dyskinesia is treated: correction of dysbiosis, elimination of hypovitaminosis, treatment of allergies, anthelmintic therapy.
The choice of drugs to restore the functions of bile formation and bile excretion depends on the type of dyskinesia.
Therapy is selected individually in each case, and for this you need to contact a specialist. To be appointed comprehensive examination, and after making a diagnosis, the doctor will choose the appropriate medications. Self-medication is dangerous: incorrect recognition of symptoms can only lead to worsening well-being.
The basis of treatment for dyskinesia is nutrition. Only through strict adherence to the rules can the occurrence of attacks be avoided and prevention carried out surgical complications such as cholelithiasis And acute cholecystitis. Diet for dyskinesia involves following general rules nutrition, however, there are points that differ significantly depending on the type of disease (hyperkinetic and hypokinetic).
For any type of dyskinesia, the following foods should be completely excluded from the diet:
Features of nutrition in hypomotor dyskinesia. The diet should consist of foods that stimulate biliary motility:
Features of nutrition for hypermotor dyskinesia:
If this form of pathology is present, it is necessary to mandatory exclude from the daily diet foods that stimulate bile secretion and bile formation: soda, broths, fresh vegetables, fatty dairy and dairy products, brown bread, animal fats.
For any form of dyskinesia, it is necessary to eat food 5–6 times a day in small portions (the contents of a portion should fit in two handfuls). Do not allow more than 2 hours between meals. All food and drinks should be warm or at room temperature and not cold or hot because it is too hot or low temperature may provoke an attack of dyskinesia. Salt must be limited, consuming no more than 3 g per day, to eliminate fluid stagnation in the tissues. Various dishes should be prepared by boiling, baking or steaming.
Mineral waters should be drunk regularly, 1/2 - 1 glass 20 - 30 minutes before meals, warm, choosing the required variety depending on the form of dyskinesia. Thus, for hypomotor dyskinesia, it is recommended to drink water of high mineralization (for example, Essentuki 17, Batalinskaya, Borjomi, Mashuk, etc.), and for hypermotor dyskinesia, it is recommended to drink water of low mineralization (for example, Darasun, Karachinskaya, Lipetskaya, Narzan, Smirnovskaya, etc.) .
You can and should drink mineral waters, as well as follow a diet, for a long period of time, that is, at least 3–4 months. However, if mineral waters cannot be included in complex therapy diseases, then you can completely stop using them.
For a patient with biliary dyskinesia, it is very important to lead a healthy lifestyle, which includes:
The main component of the lifestyle is healthy eating– exclusion of fatty, fried, spicy, salty, spicy foods, limiting animal products, increasing food consumption plant origin. During the treatment of dyskinesia, you should follow a strict diet, or treatment table No. 5.
At home, treatment of dyskinesia is best carried out in combination with the use of folk methods. But before preparing and taking them, you should consult your doctor.
Infusions, decoctions, extracts and syrups of herbs are used that can activate the formation of bile and improve motor function sphincters and bile ducts.
Milk thistle, immortelle, tansy, dandelion leaves and root, corn silk, chicory, rose hips, fumaria, parsley, turmeric root, cumin, yarrow have a choleretic effect.
Herbal decoctions are used 20-30 minutes before meals.
In the absence of long-awaited relief after adequate and comprehensive conservative therapy doctors use surgical techniques. They may be:
In case of identified dysfunction of the sphincter of Oddi, the following is carried out:
An extreme measure to combat severe hypotonic-hypokinetic variant of biliary dysfunction is cholecystectomy (complete removal of the atonic gallbladder). It is carried out laparoscopically (instead of an incision on the abdominal wall, several punctures are made for equipment and instruments) or laparotomy (with a traditional incision) by way. But the effectiveness of this serious surgical intervention is not always felt by patients. Often after this, the resumption of complaints is associated with the developed postcholecystectomy syndrome. Rarely done.
For therapy in children, preference is given to herbal preparations. They are selected depending on the type of pathology.
So, for hypomotor dyskinesia the following are prescribed:
For hypermotor dyskinesia, treatment is carried out:
After the attack is stopped, rehabilitation is carried out in a sanatorium, where mineral waters and other physical procedures are prescribed:
Children with dyskinesia are registered with a pediatric gastroenterologist, neurologist and pediatrician. They are scheduled for scheduled ultrasound twice a year. Also, courses of choleretic therapy are conducted every 6 months. Once or twice a year, the child is given referrals for sanatorium-resort treatment.
To prevent the appearance and development of pathology, you should:
With secondary prevention (i.e., after dyskinesia has been identified), it is possible to prevent the disease by following the doctor’s recommendations and regularly undergoing preventive examinations
Bile is a special liquid that is produced in the liver. Its main tasks are to improve the absorption of fats and activate the movement of food through the intestines.
Before bile enters the intestines, it passes difficult path along the biliary tract. First, from the liver it enters the hepatic ducts, from there into the common bile duct, which connects to the gallbladder through the cystic duct. The place where the common bile duct enters the duodenum is called the papilla of Vater. It has its own muscle (sphincter of Oddi), which regulates the flow of bile into the intestines.
Biliary dyskinesia is a disease in which, due to impaired contractions of the gallbladder and its ducts, as well as defects in the functioning of the sphincter of Oddi, problems arise with the excretion of bile.
According to statistics, women are more likely to suffer from biliary dyskinesia.
The development of the disease is promoted by:
Doctors highlight two main forms of dyskinesia. At hyperkinetic form, the tone of the gallbladder is increased and its contractions occur too quickly and strongly. The sphincters (muscular “gates”) do not open enough. This causes sharp pain in the right hypochondrium. Attacks of pain are usually short-lived and rarely last more than one hour. As a rule, they do not arise out of nowhere, but are provoked by negative emotions, worries, nervous overload. In women, exacerbations of the disease are associated with the menstrual cycle, since during menstruation the tone of the gallbladder is usually increased. The hyperkinetic form of dyskinesia is more common at a young age.
Hypokinetic On the contrary, older people are more likely to suffer from a form of dyskinesia. Its cause is insufficiently intense contraction of the gallbladder. This also manifests itself as pain in the right hypochondrium. True, the pain is usually not severe, but long-lasting, dull, and often bursting in nature. However, here, as in medicine in general, there is nothing absolute. All manifestations of the disease are very individual. Even an experienced doctor is not so easy to diagnose accurate diagnosis, based only on the patient's complaints.
Biliary dyskinesia consists of a series of exacerbations and improvements. After some time, an inflammatory process (cholecystitis, cholangitis) may occur in the gallbladder and ducts or form gallstones cholelithiasis).
If you feel a bitter taste in your mouth in the morning, if you constantly have Bad mood and loss of strength, it is possible that the cause of all the troubles lies in the disruption of the bile ducts. And if, at the same time, (after being worried or having a snack on a spicy salad) you feel pain in the right hypochondrium: dull aching or, conversely, acute cramping, immediately go to an appointment with a gastroenterologist. There's a seventy chance out of a hundred that you have dyskinesia.
Warning signs: constipation or diarrhea, bad dream and appetite, decreased libido and impaired menstrual cycle(in women).
To put correct diagnosis, a gastroenterologist will definitely refer you for additional studies:
It is very important not to confuse biliary dyskinesia with other serious diseases that have similar symptoms!
It is important to establish the form of dyskinesia during the examination - the treatment method will depend on this. Prerequisite treatment of dyskinesia - diet.
Diet with hyperkinetic form - this is common fractional meals(4-5 times a day), limiting foods that cause bladder contractions (fatty, meat products, vegetable oil, cakes and other products made from fatty dough, beer, carbonated drinks). Dishes should be mostly mashed and boiled, not too greasy or spicy. More fruits and berries in any form!
Among medications, antispasmodics (no-spa, etc.) are mainly used. Choleretic drugs (holosas, cholenzym, flamin) and medicinal drugs will also not be superfluous. herbal teas(corn silk, rose hips, peppermint, etc.).
To this day, the ancient method of treatment is widely used - drinking mineral waters. For this form of the disease, waters with low and medium mineralization are recommended: Narzan, Navtusya, Slavyanovskaya, Smirnovskaya, Essentuki No. 4 and No. 20. You should drink hot water (40-25 degrees), ½ glass or 1 glass 3-4 times a day, half an hour before meals.
If all of the above does not help, the doctor may prescribe tubage - washing the bile ducts.
Diet in hypokinetic form must necessarily include products that have a choleretic effect: sour cream, butter and vegetable oil, cream, soft-boiled eggs, black bread, vegetables. They stimulate motor activity biliary tract. For the same purpose, aloe extract, eleutherococcus, and ginseng are used. Herbals help a lot choleretic fees. They usually include immortelle flowers, yarrow, mint leaves, coriander fruits, etc.
Apply choleretic agents– cyclone, 10% solution of xylitol or sorbitol, Carlsbad salt and herbs – parsley decoction, decoctions and infusions of dandelion, yarrow, calamus, barberry.
Mineral waters are also used here, but only with high degree mineralization. For example, Batalinskaya, Arzni, Essentuki No. 17. They should be drunk cold, ½-1 glass 3-4 times a day for 30-60 minutes. before meals (within 3-4 weeks).
In addition, tubage with Carlsbad salt, magnesium sulfate or sorbitol is used.
Dyskinesia is also treated with physiotherapy. Recent years Laser and acupuncture are increasingly used.
Treat digestive tract diseases in a timely manner.
Among diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, biliary dyskinesia occupies a leading place. This disorder associated with the outflow of bile is observed in almost half of the adult population of our country. Recently, due to a sedentary lifestyle, biliary dyskinesia is increasingly diagnosed in residents of megacities. At the same time, the age at which the primary diagnosis is made in patients shifts significantly. These are mainly children of primary school age.
The etiology of biliary dyskinesia is quite well studied and does not present difficulties for diagnosis by an experienced specialist. Typically, the primary diagnosis is established based on the examination of the patient and his medical history. Subsequently, biliary dyskinesia is confirmed by laboratory data.
There are several causes of impaired bile outflow. This is usually due to stagnation in the gallbladder. Bile, under the influence of unfavorable factors and in the case of the addition of pathogenic microflora, loses its rheological ability. Such bile is difficult to expel from the gallbladder and can provoke pancreatic diseases.
Somatic causes of the development of biliary dyskinesia:
Exogenous causes of biliary dyskinesia:
Obesity, poor diet, poor posture, and long-term diets also lead to dyskinesia. In children, this condition may be associated with abnormal organ development digestive system in the prenatal and newborn period.
Symptoms of biliary dyskinesia do not appear immediately. Usually this condition is diagnosed already at the stage chronic cholecystitis or formation of bile excrement. But there are a number of signs of biliary dyskinesia that can be seen on initial stage. This:
As the disease progresses, the liver may enlarge and obstructive jaundice of the skin and sclera may occur. eyeballs. The urine of a patient with acute biliary dyskinesia takes on the characteristic color of strong brewed tea.
On palpation of the anterior abdominal wall the doctor determines the tension of the gallbladder, pain in its projection. The liver can be felt along the edge of the costal arch. Skin yellowish tint. Hypertension may occur due to congestion in the portal vein.
To clarify the diagnosis, the following are prescribed:
Treatment methods for biliary dyskinesia include:
Positive results in treatment are possible only when using the entire set of measures listed. For periods of exacerbation, diet No. 5 is prescribed. She excludes all spicy and fatty foods. You should also avoid chocolate, coffee, cocoa, sweets, strong tea, bananas, fried meat, lard, and salted fish during treatment.
Enzymatic preparations are used to improve the flow of bile. The spasm can be relieved with the help of anticholinergics or antispasmodics. Must apply antibacterial agents. Tubing of the gallbladder is done using burnt magnesia. Liver cleansing can be done with raisins and warm mineral water.
If JVP is caused helminthic infestation, then deworming is carried out using special antihelminthics. After treatment, bile is taken again to determine the degree of infection.
After removal acute symptoms Physiotherapy and exercise therapy are appropriate. Electrophoresis with magnesium, abdominal massage, complexes are prescribed special exercises. Spa therapy, constant intake of mineral water with a weak alkaline reaction, is advisable.
With incorrect treatment tactics and indolent forms of ADHD, complications of the disease are possible. most often develop:
The only way to avoid complications is timely treatment under the supervision of a doctor.
According to the World Health Organization, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract are considered one of the most common. And biliary dyskinesia is at the top of this list. Despite this, few people think about how much this disease affects the general condition of the body and where it comes from. But forewarned means forearmed.
According to ubiquitous statistics, dyskinesia is very common - it accounts for almost 70% of all bile duct diseases. Both adults and children suffer from this scourge. But still, biliary dyskinesia is much more common among women than among men.
By and large, the term dyskinesia refers to a violation of the motor skills of any organ. In this case, it is violated contractile functions gallbladder and ducts and the functioning of the sphincter of Oddi is disrupted.
The sphincter of Oddi regulates the flow of bile into the intestines. It is believed that ductal motility disorders occur due to the fact that at some point the sphincter and gallbladder ducts begin to work uncoordinated. The strength of the contractions becomes either too strong or too weak. And, accordingly, bile enters the intestines either in excess or in insufficient quantities. Hence - various problems and symptoms of dyskinesia.
A sphincter biopsy in 60% of cases shows that there is inflammation, fibrosis or muscle hypertrophy in the sphincter area - overdevelopment muscle tissue. But in 40% there are no special changes, but simply motor impairments. We offer an economical holiday in Crimea on the Black Sea coast!
Today this disease has been studied far and wide. And yet many unknowns remain. The reasons that lead to its development are, on the one hand, known. But on the other hand, not all of these factors lead to the development of dyskinesia. So, it has been revealed that dyskinesia can be primary or secondary. Moreover, in its independent form, primary dyskinesia occurs much less frequently - only in 1 case out of 10.
Primary disorders are caused by big circle factors. Very often in this case, dyskinesia can develop with systematic nutritional disorders. If fatty, spicy, fried foods are your favorite foods, then dyskinesia may not be long in coming. Especially if food is consumed irregularly during the day and long hunger strikes are replaced by hearty meals in the evening. Also, vegetative-vascular dystonia (neurocircular dystonia) can lead to the development of dyskinesia. But there are other points of view here. A number of researchers, on the contrary, believe that it is not vegetative-vascular dystonia that causes dyskinesia of the biliary tract, but, on the contrary, dyskinesia and gastroduodenitis cause the development of symptoms that are attributed to vegetative-vascular dystonia. AND therapeutic measures from dyskinsia lead to the disappearance of signs of migraine and VSD, which we have already written about on our website.
Many researchers agree that the trigger that starts the process of disrupting the outflow of bile is various neurotic reactions. Neuroses, stress, constant anxiety very quickly lead to the fact that the motor functions of the ducts are disrupted. Due to constant internal tension, the correct contraction of the ducts is blocked and dyskinesia develops. In a word, as always, all diseases are caused by nerves. Tibetan medicine and claim that dyskinesia affects people who are often angry.
Secondary dysfunctions can be a consequence of hormonal disorders, various systemic diseases, hepatitis and cirrhosis of the liver, diabetes mellitus, gallstones and so on. Atopic dermatitis, food allergies can provoke the development of dyskinesias.
Biliary dyskinesia may well be a consequence hormonal imbalance and endocrine disorders. Diabetes mellitus, thyrotoxicosis, disturbances in the production of sex hormones may well lead to dyskinesia. Few people know about this.
And the connections between chronic diseases of the ear, nose and throat and dyskinesia are almost never taken into account. And yet, it also exists.
Interestingly, poor lifestyle choices are very powerful. Adherence to processed foods, freeze-dried foods and all kinds of canned food often leads to disruption of bile flow. If we add physical inactivity and sitting for hours at a computer, then there is almost no doubt that sooner or later the doctor will diagnose biliary dyskinesia. Especially if there is a predisposition to this - and doctors do not discount the hereditary factor.
Much less often, the cause of dyskinesia is objective reasons - anomalies in the development of the gallbladder and bile ducts.
Dyskinesia can be hyperkinetic and hypokinetic. With the hyperkinetic form of bile, too much bile enters the intestines. This happens because the tone of the gallbladder increases, and it begins to contract too strongly and quickly. The sphincter does not open enough, which causes pain. Most often, young people suffer from this form. Here, stress and neurosis may be the key factor in the development of the disease.
But the hypokinetic form is more common in older people. In this case, the gallbladder does not contract intensively enough.
As already mentioned, there are two forms of biliary dyskinesia. And since each of them is caused by completely different causes, the symptoms of different forms dyskinesias are completely different.
Of course, pain is the main symptom. But the pain in both cases will be completely different. Hyperkinetic dyskinesia is characterized by paroxysmal pain in the form of biliary colic. It may occur suddenly and not last very long. In this case, pain can radiate under the shoulder blade, collarbone, back with right side. And, as a rule, they occur after eating or at night. Bradycardia and spastic constipation may accompany the disease.
With hypokinetic dyskinesia, the pain in the right side cannot be called acute - it is dull, bursting in nature. With this form, there is often causeless nausea and a feeling of heaviness in the stomach. The pain can last for a long time, for months, subsiding after eating and choleretic drugs.
In general, the course of the disease is characterized by attacks. The pain appears and then subsides.
Not only pain in the right side can tell you that it’s time to see a gastroenterologist. There are many more signs by which you can suspect biliary dyskinesia.
If there is a loss of strength, poor sleep and appetite without any visible reasons become frequent guests, and in the morning you feel an unpleasant bitter taste in your mouth, then it’s time to check the bile ducts. Other warning signs include unstable stools - again, for no reason, constipation is replaced by diarrhea.
Almost certainly, none of the men will associate a decrease in libido with the functioning of the bile ducts. And few women would think that an irregular menstrual cycle is somehow related to dyskinesia. Meanwhile, these are also some of the signs of dyskinesia.
You can detect the problem by the symptoms. But to be sure of the diagnosis, it is necessary to carry out full diagnostics. First of all, the doctor will prescribe a biochemical blood test, which will detect whether the level of liver enzymes is elevated. It will be necessary to do an ultrasound of the liver and gallbladder, which will help assess the condition of the ducts. Their expansion over 2 mm indicates an existing pathological process.
The doctor may additionally prescribe duodenal intubation and tests using special drugs. At the same time, special medicinal substances, which enhance the production of bile. Changes are recorded on ultrasound.
For treatment to be effective, it is necessary to determine exactly what form it is - hyperkinetic or hypokinetic. Each form is treated differently.
For any form of dyskinesia, the main thing is to adhere to a certain diet and principles proper nutrition. You will have to forget about fasting and all kinds of weight loss diets. And it’s time to start treating gastrointestinal diseases - and others like it.
In the hyperkinetic form, it is important to follow fractional meals with meals 4-5 times a day, limiting fatty and meat products that cause contractions of the gallbladder. All carbonated drinks, cakes and pastries, beer and chips should disappear from the table along with fried cutlets. And change to pureed and boiled dishes, fruits and berries. Treatment consists of taking antispasmodics such as no-shpa and choleretic drugs, herbs corn silk, rose hips, and peppermint. Very good remedy tubage is considered to be washing of the bile ducts.
In case of hypokinetic form, you need to switch to products that have choleretic properties, - sour cream, soft-boiled eggs, butter and vegetable oil, cream, black bread. Such products stimulate the activity of the bile ducts. Aloe extract, Eleutherococcus, ginseng and herbal choleretic infusions - immortelle flowers, yarrow, mint leaves, coriander fruits, parsley, dandelion, yarrow, calamus, barberry - have the same properties. In this case, tubage with Carlsbad salt, magnesium sulfate or sorbitol works well.
Hydrotherapy, laser, acupuncture, and sanatorium treatment are widely used to treat dyskinesia.
In any case, the last meal for dyskinesia should be right before bed. In this case, the bile ducts are regularly cleared, and bile stagnation does not occur. So you can safely forget about the assurances of glossy magazines that you can’t eat after six.
In particularly serious cases, sphincterotomy (dissection of the sphincter) is performed. After this, the pain usually stops and you can forget about the disease.
Prevention of dyskinesia is simple - don’t get nervous over trifles, don’t eat when you have to, and don’t indulge in fatty cutlets and fast food.
Biliary dyskinesia is a common disease. But often this disease is called any disease accompanied by pain in the right hypochondrium. And this risks not noticing the development of a serious disease. Therefore, we must take diagnosis and treatment seriously.
