ABOUT beautiful eyes a lot has been written. People are impressed by their shape, cut, depth. Color is also often discussed. Some people like blue ones, some like brown ones. They write about green eyes that they have witchcraft powers. And this is not without reason.
Rarest color
Only 2% of people on Earth have a true green iris. This is the most rare shade eye. Green-eyed representatives of the human race live in Iceland, Scotland and, oddly enough, Turkey. Quite a lot of people with emerald eyes can be found among the Germans.
And yet there are more green-eyed people in the north of Europe. In Iceland, green or greenish gray irises in almost 70% of the population. In Scotland - even more. The world even has a stereotype about the Scots as fiery red-haired people with green eyes. Among Turks, about 20% are green-eyed.
In Asia and South America, in the East and Africa, green eye color is so rare that it is considered some kind of special, exotic beauty. In Russia it is also rare. More often you can see people with mixed colors: greenish-brown, gray-green. Such shades of the iris are due to the mixing of genes of different peoples: from the Slavs and Balts to the nomadic Mongols and Tatars.
What's "wrong" with green eyes
Genetics explain different eye colors by the presence of more or less melanin pigment. Blue-eyed and gray-eyed people have very little of it, which is why the iris is so light. Maximum melanin in brown and black eyes. The gene for these colors is even considered dominant (blue is recessive, that is, one that is usually suppressed).
The green tint of the iris does not exist in pure form. It is a mixture of cyan (blue) and light brown colors. In green-eyed people, the stroma is the “supporting” tissue of the iris - blue color. The brown pigment lipofuscin is placed on top of it. In this case, a distinction is made between simply green and marsh tones. In the second case, more brown pigment is present in the tissues of the iris.
Why are there so few green-eyed people?
Such a complex play of pigments, resulting in a beautiful, rich swampy or green hue, is almost a jewelry art, which nature rarely resorts to. For this reason, there are not so many green-eyed individuals in the human population. And even though emerald eyes do not give their owner any obvious benefits; people perceive them as unique and beautiful.
There is an unproven theory that the genes for green eyes and red hair are somehow connected. Allegedly, this explains the exotic appearance of purebred Scots. However, this theory remains only a theory for now.
Witchcraft eyes Green eyes are unique not only because of nature’s reluctance to replicate such beauty. People themselves made their contribution to the destruction of their green-eyed brothers in the Middle Ages. Mass terror was then carried out by the Holy Inquisition. Most of all went to the beautiful and possessive secret knowledge women with those same green eyes.
It is not known exactly when and why humanity began to consider such ladies as witches (perhaps due to the fact that they were rare and made a strong impression). Over the 300 years of the fury of the Inquisition, about 40-50 thousand people burned at the stake. The main part of them were those corresponding to the description of a “true witch” green eyed women and men.
All of them were carriers of those same unique genes. So before we start mass psychosis called "witch hunt" in Western and Eastern Europe there were many more people with such rare and beautiful emerald eyes.
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The human eye is beautiful and unique. Like finger patterns, each person has a specific pattern, and the look allows you to convey the most wide range emotions. People of European descent show the greatest diversity in eye color among the world's population. However, research shows that in ancient times all people were brown-eyed, while others unusual shades appeared as a result of mutations. Based on this logic, all tones other than brown can be called the strangest and most unusual. Today, in most cases, the color ranges from the darkest shades of brown to the lightest blue, but more unusual variations are also found.
The color of a person's eye is determined by two factors - the pigmentation of the iris and the way it scatters the light passing through it. Genes determine how much melanin is present. How more melanin, the darker the color.
Boy with unusual blue eye
However, everyone knows that for some people, the tone of their eyes tends to change depending on the lighting. The reason is the double layer of the iris. The color depends on which layer reflects the light. Approximately 79% of the world's population has brown eyes, making them the most common eye color on the planet. After brown, 8-10% of the world's people have blue eyes, 5% have amber or hazel eyes, and 2% of the world's people have green eyes. Rare tones include grey, red, purple, black.
Have you ever seen someone with eyes that appear black as night? In fact, this is just an illusion and a trick of the eye, since the black iris does not exist in nature.
The eyes appear black, strange and frightening only from afar
Although these eyes look strange and black, they are actually dark brown, which is caused by an abundance of melanin. However, the presence of a pupil against the background of the iris can only be determined in bright daylight. Such strong pigmentation is extremely rare, so black eyes can be called the most unusual, strange and frightening in the world.
A person with severe albinism often has red or pink eyes. This is caused by extremely low levels of melanin, which allows blood vessels shine through. These are some of the most unusual and strange eyes in the world, as they are extremely rare.
Because a person with albinism lacks pigment in the iris, light reflects off the back of the organ. The resulting strange coloration is due to the reflection of the network of blood vessels in the back of the retina. The iris can appear purple when this red tone is combined with the bluish color of the iris caused by a lack of melanin and the aforementioned light scattering effects.
In fact, the reason why eyes appear red is the same reason why red eyes appear in photographs, which is caused by light reflecting off the back of the eye and passing through the iris. IN normal eyes and lighting conditions, light cannot escape from the eye in this way.
Speaking about real purple, which is practically not found in nature, it is worth remembering again about albinism, which is the cause of its occurrence. However, often due to optical effects- lighting, skin tone or the desired tone of cosmetics, ordinary blue eyes begin to appear purple. The most famous example of this unusual effect is Elizabeth Taylor's eyes, which appear lavender in certain lighting. She does however have a set of double eyelashes: a rare genetic mutation.
Actress Elizabeth Taylor has unusual purple eyes Natural amber eyes are very rare to find - they are almost as rare as green ones. During their entire lives, most people do not meet other representatives of their species with such an unusual appearance. According to official statistics, only about 5% of people can boast of amber-colored eyes. Amber occurs due to the presence of a yellow pigment called lipochrome. This causes people's irises to produce unusual reddish-copper and yellowish-gold hues that can sometimes be confused with hazel.
Amber eyes often called wolf-like due to the distinct golden and dirty yellowish tone with a coppery tint, similar to that seen in the gaze of wolves. Besides the wolves amber eyes can also be found in other representatives of the fauna: dogs, domestic cats, owls, eagles, pigeons and fish.
You can see photos of celebrities with this color:
Nicole Richie's unusual amber eye color About 5% have hazel eyes, caused by a combination of melanin and light scattering. They seem to be some of the strangest in the world as they sometimes change colors to green, brown and blue. In some cases, light is refracted in a special way, resulting in a multi-colored lining of the iris, where the predominant color depends on the wavelength of light entering the eye.
Only about 2% of people see the world with green eyes. Even if this number is accurate, 2% of 7.3 billion people is 146 million. This is approximately the population of Russia. The green color is due to low levels of melanin, the presence of a yellowish lipochrome pigment, and a blue tone caused by the scattering of reflected light. When all these factors come together, the color green is the color most common in Central, Western and Northern Europe.
You can see photos of celebrities with green eyes:
Kate Middleton's Royal Green Eyes Heterochromia - strange and completely unusual-looking eyes. This occurs in cases where a person has two different eye colors at the same time. Complete heterochromia means that the iris of each eye has a different color. Sectoral heterochromia occurs when one eye reflects two different tones at once. Despite its rarity, heterochromia is present, for example, in David Bowie and Kate Bosworth.
Heterochromia of the eyes - an unusual and exciting look Approximately 8-10% of the world's people have blue eyes. There is no blue pigmentation in the shell, so the blue color is a consequence low level melanin secreted in the upper layer of the iris. However, research conducted by the University of Copenhagen in 2008 showed unusual results. A genetic failure that occurred about 10,000 years ago led to the appearance of blue eyes. Europe accounts for the largest volume of people worldwide with blue eyes, while Finland tops the list of countries with the highest percentage blue eyed people - 89%.
Gray eyes sometimes confused with blue ones. Both colors are caused by low levels of melanin in the anterior layer of the iris. The appearance of gray occurs due to light scattering from the darker epithelium. Upon closer inspection, the gray color sometimes includes small flecks of yellow or brown. Gray eyes are most common in Northern and Eastern Europe.
Gray eyes - a rare cool shade Approximately 79% of people in the world have brown eyes, making it the most common color in humans. The chestnut color is determined by its pigmentation and can be found in a wide range of different shades of dark, medium, and light. A dark brown iris is the result of an extremely high volume of melanin content. The largest distribution zones are:
Iris of light, reddish-brown shades is the effect of low levels of melanin. Look soft brown eyes most common in Europe, Western Asia and America. Eye pigmentation is passed on from parents to offspring genetically. However, parents with brown eyes do not necessarily have children with the same shade, since a combination of the parents' genes may result in a different color.
Going beyond color, it is worth paying attention to the shape and size of the eyes: here it is impossible to present a classification, since each person and case is individual and is a strange deviation from the norm. For example, the largest eyes in the world belong to Maria Telnaya, a model of Ukrainian origin living in Paris. The classic European eye shape is combined with an unusually huge size: Maria resembles an alien, and photo and catwalk designers are trying to emphasize this effect in every possible way.
Alien and unusual eyes Maria Telnaya There are a number of diseases that can change the appearance of the eyes and make them unusually strange:
Unusual effect cat eye syndrome Strange and unusual eyes attract attention and captivate from the first moment. However, it is worth remembering that such “oddities” can be quite common in some situations. As mentioned earlier, hair and eyes of dark, predominantly chestnut colors predominate in the vast majority of areas of the planet. However, there are several countries where, in fact, light green or blue eyes appear in newborns more often than brown ones. For example, this situation is typical for Great Britain: in Ireland and Scotland, 86% of residents have green or blue eyes. In Iceland, this is typical for 89% of beautiful ladies and 87% of men. If we consider the European race globally, green eyes in most cases appear in a person of Celtic-Germanic origin.
Every person has a feature that can affect his destiny. This is the color of the eyes. It is undeniable that people with sky blue eyes attract more attention. This also applies to those with black eyes. Even poets praise them in their works.
The eyes appear and look like something foreign, like pieces of unusual glass. They are called the mirror of the soul. There is a feeling that they help to see what is inside, hidden in the soul. It is not for nothing that eyes are the object of attention of soothsayers, psychics, magicians and fortune tellers. Eyes are something mysterious that connects a person with an unusual, different, unknown world...
There are a wide variety of colors. Some of them are very common, and there are also people who have the rarest eye color. Moreover, each color has various shades. Most often this diversity is invisible, but sometimes it catches the eye.
People with a wide variety of eye colors are distributed throughout the world, and unevenly. For example, in Africa the dark-eyed population predominates, and in Scandinavian countries- light-eyed. Green eye color is the rarest on the planet, however, their owners can be found on any continent.
In dark eyes (brown and black), the iris is saturated with a large amount of melanin. Apparently, the predominance of one color or another among different nationalities also depends on the climatic conditions of life.
The main creator of eye color is melanin, or rather, its amount in the human body. Brown-eyed people have a lot of it, but people with green eyes, the rarest color, have very little melanin. However, heredity also plays a role.
Each person has the color of the iris, determined by genes (passed on by inheritance). Moreover, the color can be passed on from grandparents.
It is believed that it is possible to find out the eye color of an unborn child. Let's look at some examples:
1. If, say, both parents have blue eyes, then there is a 99% chance that the child will be born with blue eyes and only 1% chance that the baby will have green - the rarest eye color;
2. If one parent has blue hair and the other has green hair, the probability is 50% to 50%.
3. If both parents are green-eyed, then there is a 75% chance that the child will have green eyes, 24% - blue eyes and 1% - brown;
4. If one of the parents has blue eyes, the other has brown eyes, then with a probability of 50% their child will have brown eyes, 37% will have green eyes, and 13% will have blue eyes;
5. Brown-eyed parents produce offspring with brown eyes with a probability of 75%, 18% of cases - with green ones and only 7% - with blue ones.
According to statistics, the predominant color in the world is brown eyes. Such people can be found almost everywhere, although in different percentages To total number people in different parts Earth.
The rarest eye color in the world is green. Only 2% of people around the world have such an unusual beautiful color. There is a legend: in the Middle Ages, green-eyed people were burned, considering them to be witches. Usually red-haired people have this color. Due to these events, the gene that imparts green color to the eyes has become a minority.
The most common green-eyed people are among the Eastern peoples and Western Slavs, among the Scots and Germans. However, even among Icelanders there are often owners of unusual green eyes. 80% of the inhabitants of this small state have blue and green colors.
In Turkey, this rather rare color is observed in 20% of the population. There are practically no green-eyed people in South America, Asian countries and the Middle East. It is also believed that the most exotic, rarest eye color is purple.
And yet, what eye color is the rarest? In the world you can find more unusual, and even very rare colors. Various genetic changes (mutations), serious illnesses can cause the iris to take on the rarest eye color. Or there are purple eyes, it looks fantastic.
In addition, there are people with eyes of different colors. This disorder is familiar to many - heterochromia. It can be either complete or partial. In the first case: one eye, for example, is blue, the second is brown. With partial heterochromia, only a small part of the eye differs in color from the entire iris. Such partial heterochromia occurs more often in life than complete heterochromia. Both types of heterochromia most often occur in animals.
Meet and congenital disorders. One of them is aniridia. With this problem, the iris may be partially or completely absent.
There is also albinism, a rare but very serious birth defect that occurs in albinos. The eye color of such people is almost red - the rarest color among people with various abnormalities (mutations).
Eye color depends on the pigmentation of the iris itself. The vessels, the fibers of the eye shell themselves, also play an important role in this. Immediately after birth, children's eyes are usually blue or light blue. Of course, there are often brown-eyed newborns. Over time, their color may change.
Eye color is fully formed by the age of 12. And closer to old age it begins to fade. This is due to depigmentation.
Usually eye color is associated with hair color and skin color. In classic cases, dark-skinned individuals have dark hair color and dark eyes (black and brown), such as Africans and Asians. People with more fair skin have blonde hair and light-colored eyes (blue, gray, dark blue). These are Swedes and people of Slavic nationalities.
In general, the relationship between eye color and a person’s character has not been proven. And yet, studies were conducted in America in which women and girls participated (1000 people from 16 to 35 years old).
Results of a survey about people with brown eyes:
34% of respondents associate brown eyes with people with developed intelligence;
13% - with kindness;
16% of respondents believe that people with such eyes can be trusted.
The rarest eye color (green) is associated with the following characteristics in people:
29% of respondents had associations with a sign of sexuality;
25% - with creativity;
20% of respondents associate it with cunning.
The following associations arose about people with blue eyes:
42% are nice people;
21% - sexual;
10% are kind people.
The charming film actor Brad Pitt and Margaret Thatcher have blue eyes.
The rarest eye color in the world is green among Demi Moore, Angelina Jolie and Russian ballerina Anastasia Volochkova.
Strong historical figures Lenin and Stalin had amber eyes.
The dark-eyed beautiful American actress Salma Hayek.
The famous musician Sting is blue-eyed. This includes Napoleon.
The eyes of the dazzling actress Julia Roberts have a beautiful marsh color.
Eyes are the wealth of every person. This is a window to the outside world. They enable people to see the beauty of nature and the attractiveness of the entire world around them. Eyes of any color are unique to each person. We must be proud of them and take care of them. After all, this is a gift of fate and nature.
Many people with excellent vision prefer to wear contact lenses only to have a rare iris color.
Most often, you see brown or blue eyes when you look at the people around you. But some of us get truly unique iris colors. Which ones are the rarest?
Many scientists claim that your eye color is purely genetic, which is mostly true. However, little is still known about the specific genes that determine iris color in humans. We know that rarer eye color genes are recessive, so perhaps it's just a matter of having the right genes.
What many people know about the formation of iris color is that it involves two pigments: melanin (brown pigment) and lipochrome (yellow pigment). It also depends on how the visual organ scatters light. When you see someone with blue eyes, it means there is no melanin or brown pigmentation. Conversely, when you see someone with dark brown eyes, they have an abundance of melanin.
| Eye color | Reasons |
| Heterochromia | An increase or decrease in pigmentation in one iris or part of the iris. |
| Anisocoria | One pupil is wider than the other, causing one eye to appear darker. |
| Red or pink | There is little or no melanin due to albinism. |
| Violet | The lack of melanin is mixed with light reflected from the red blood vessels. |
| Grey | There is very little melanin with a high collagen content in the stroma. |
| Green | A little melanin, a lot of lipochrome and Rayleigh light scattering. |
| Amber | A little melanin with a lot of lipochrome. |
| Walnut | Melanin concentrates in the outer part of the iris, causing a multicolored appearance that usually ranges from copper to green depending on the light. |
It's hard to pinpoint which eye color is the least common, but if you've never seen any of the ones listed below, it's because they're unusual.
Although it may seem that only a few people have rare iris colors, the truth is that every person has their own unique color like fingerprints. No two people have the same eye shape or color. So even if you brown eyes, your color is unique.
1. Heterochromia and anisocoria. These conditions are sometimes mistaken for each other.
Heterochromia is rare disease organs of vision, in which the iris is different colors. There are three types of heterochromia:
This is a rather unusual type of coloration for the eyes, and although some people use contact lenses to make the iris color more even, I think this rare beauty must be on display! Less than 1% of people have aniscoria or heterochromia.
Anisocoria is a condition in which one of the pupils is significantly larger than the other and the difference is several millimeters. This creates the illusion that the eyes are different colors.
Anisocoria may be congenital or the result of nerve palsy or traumatic injury eyes, which can lead to much larger differences in pupil size. Because of this, an organ of vision with a dilated pupil appears much darker than another with a normal pupil.
2. Less than 1% of the world's population has red, pink and purple eyes. Two main conditions cause a red or pinkish color: albinism and blood in the iris. Although albinos usually have very light blue eyes Due to a lack of pigment, some forms of albinism can cause the iris to appear red or pink.
The purple-blue color is also found only in people with albinism. Scientists believe that you cannot have purple eyes unless you are an albino.
3. Gray eyes can sometimes be mistaken for blue. It is believed that what causes the iris to appear gray rather than blue is related to the amount of collagen present in the stroma. This interferes with Rayleigh scattering, causing the light to reflect gray rather than blue. Less than 1% of people have gray eyes.
4. Green eyes. Low melanin content, lipochrome burst, and Rayleigh scattering of light reflected from the yellow stroma can create various shades green. Only 2% of the world's population has green eyes. This is definitely rare!
5. Amber eyes. This amazingly beautiful golden color is often confused with nutty. The difference is that hazel eyes are green and brown shades, while amber ones have a solid, uniform color. With minimal melanin and lots of lipochrome, eyes in this shade almost glow! Many animals have this iris color, but it is very rare for humans. No more than 5% of the population are born with this color.
6. Hazel eyes may seem quite common, but only about 5% of the world's population is born with this color. In hazel eyes, melanin is concentrated on the outer side of the iris, giving them a multicolored appearance.
Some people think that black is one of the most rare flowers iris. Have you ever seen a person with eyes that appear black as night? Although they look black, they are actually very dark brown, which is caused by the abundance of melanin. You can only identify the pupil by the iris when a bright light is pointed at the eyes! About 70% of the population of our planet have a brown iris.
It is believed that the human race began with brown eyes, and due to genetic mutations other colors appeared. Perhaps that's why brown is the most common (but no less beautiful)!
Despite the lack of research, many sources claim that the most a rare combination is the presence of blue eyes with red hair.
If you have any of these symptoms, consult your doctor as soon as possible:
There is a way to turn brown eyes blue. Using a laser, your doctor can remove melanin from your vision, resulting in a clearer stroma that allows light to scatter differently so your iris appears blue. Some doctors use silicone implants to permanently change the color.
Constant change comes with risk, as do most operations. One risk is that melanin can cause a blockage in the fluid coming out of the eye, causing excess pressure or glaucoma. A silicone implant can also create blockages and high blood pressure, causing inflammation and damage to structures visual organ. As a result of these operations, some patients became completely or partially blind.
If you want to change the color of your eyes, your best and safest choice is colored contact lenses.
Explanation of terms:
Melanin: A dark brown or black pigment found in the hair, skin, and iris of the eyes in humans and animals.
Lipochrome: A fat-soluble pigment that gives the natural yellow color to butter, eggs, yolks, and yellow corn.
Rayleigh scattering: Scattering of light without changing wavelength. This is what makes the sky blue because blue light scatters more easily than red light.
There has long been debate as to what the most common eye color is for people. You can find a wide variety of iris shades, the saturation of which determines the level of natural pigment in the body.
The color of the iris is determined by one inherited gene, and it is established from the moment of conception. Human eyes may be:
Sometimes the iris of the same person acquires a different color. A similar pathology is known in medicine as heterochromia. There are owners of one brown, and the second green or blue eye(no more than 1% of the total population). There are also people who have several shades in one eye at once.
The color of the iris is primarily affected by the amount of melanin. If this pigment is completely absent, the eyes become red or purple shade. A similar anomaly is typical for albinos (both humans and animals).
The statement that visual acuity can be affected by eye color is untrue. Experts say that the natural color of the iris has nothing to do with the quality of visual perception.
It is believed that among people living on our planet, brown eye color is the most popular. You can often observe its various shades:
Many researchers are of the opinion that about 10,000 years ago all people on Earth were possessors dark eyes. However, for an unknown reason, human body a mutation occurred that caused the appearance of other, lighter shades of the iris.
Men and women with brown eyes large quantities found in various parts of the world. Their frequent habitats are:
The fewest dark-eyed individuals can be seen in the Baltic countries, where traditionally the fair-haired population with a blue tint to the iris predominates.
Mostly people with brown eyes live in areas with a hot climate. Scientists say - residents southern countries dark color eyes provides more intense protection from bright sun rays. With this coloring of the iris, both high-frequency and low-frequency light streams are absorbed. At the same time, the iris, rich in melanin, softens the impact of blinding white snow on the visual organs. It is for this reason that most northern residents are also brown-eyed.
Astrologers and physiognomists claim that people with brown eyes have special internal qualities given to them by planets such as the Sun and Venus. Such persons generally inspire trust in others and give them a feeling of reliability. Dark-eyed individuals are most often distinguished by an ardent and passionate disposition and determination. They find it easily common language with every person, they are often leaders and achieve success in various fields. They love to communicate, but prefer to talk rather than listen. Brown-eyed people easily fall in love and experience strong feelings for the object of their adoration, but they cool down just as quickly. To them negative qualities sometimes include excessive self-confidence, selfishness and excessive pride.
The rarest thing you can see is a person with pure green eyes. No more than 2% of people in the world have this coloration of the iris. People who have naturally red hair are mostly born with green eyes.
Green eye color, without any shades, is becoming increasingly rare. In most cases, it is eradicated by the dominant genes of brown-eyed family members.
This coloration of the iris has an interesting mechanism of formation. The outer layer of the iris contains lipofuscin, a light brown or yellow pigment. The green color appears when this compound combines with the blue or cyan produced by scattering in the stroma.
In past centuries, it was believed that green-eyed people were necessarily witches and sorcerers. That is why the medieval Inquisition strenuously fought against such people, destroying them at the stake. This situation is considered another reason why green the eye is the least common.
Today, the majority of the green-eyed population lives in the following countries:
Mostly representatives of the fair sex have this iris color. Meet green-eyed man succeeds extremely rarely.
Another unique iris shade is lilac. This phenomenon is predominantly associated with carriage of Marchesani syndrome.
Eyes are a unique gift for every person, helping to receive basic information. Being very diverse in color, the organs of vision always need careful care and attention, thanks to which they allow you to enjoy the beauty of the world around you for many years.
