Hyperemia;
Bleeding;
Presence of ulcers;
Gum hypertrophy;
Dental plaque;
The dentogingival connection is not broken.
Clinical form: catarrhal gingivitis, acute course
Process prevalence:
Limited
Diffuse
DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA
Clinical (complaintson):
Bleeding
Swelling of the gums,
Burning in the affected areas;
Pain and bleeding intensify while eating or talking.
Clinical (objectively):
Pronounced hyperemia of the gums, swelling, more pronounced in the area of the gingival margin and gingival papillae;
The relief of the gums changes - the papillae lose their characteristic pointed shape, their tops take on the shape of a dome and increase in size, which predetermines the formation of gum pockets;
Gum pockets are formed while maintaining the integrity of the periodontal junction;
The gums bleed easily on palpation;
Increased deposition of plaque on the teeth, and subsequently tartar;
With thermal damage, the formation of a whitish film of clouded epithelium with its further desquamation is possible;
The formation of areas of desquamation and single erosions is possible, mainly in the area of the apexes of the interdental papillae.
X-ray:
Fuzzy outlines of the cortical plate at the apices of the interalveolar septa;
Osteoporosis of the spongy substance at the apices of the interalveolar septa is possible.
Results of clinical and laboratory examination:
Positive Schiller-Pisarev test;
Increased migration of leukocytes into the oral cavity according to Yasinovsky;
Reduced resistance of gum capillaries during a vacuum test according to Kulazhenko;
Increased amount of gingival fluid.
Hyperemia of gingival papillae;
Swelling of the gingival papillae.
Bright hyperemia of the gingival papillae and marginal gums;
Swelling of the gingival papillae and marginal gingiva;
Pain on palpation of the gingival papillae and marginal gingiva.
Bright hyperemia of the papillae, marginal and alveolar parts of the gums;
Swelling of the papillae, marginal and alveolar parts of the gums;
Pain and bleeding on palpation of the papillae, marginal and alveolar parts of the gums.
Sanitation of the oral cavity;
Elimination of local irritants - dental plaque, carious cavities, traumatic occlusion, malocclusion and tooth placement, anomalies of soft tissue attachment.
Drug treatment of acute catarrhal gingivitis:
Aimed at eliminating the symptoms of acute catarrhal gingivitis, suppression opportunistic microflora, normalization of the condition vascular system, increasing local resistance, eliminating hypoxia, stimulating reparative processes in gum tissue.
Antibacterial therapy(taking into account the sensitivity of the microflora of the gum pockets);
Anti-inflammatory therapy:
Etiotropic (identification and elimination of factors that caused inflammation),
Pathogenetic (impact on the pathophysiological components of inflammation),
Symptomatic (elimination of the main symptoms of inflammation).
Stimulation of reparative processes (aimed at renewing lesions of gum tissue),
Keratoplasty preparations (used to improve epithelization processes that complete regeneration)
Teaching patients the rules of rational oral hygiene;
Professional oral hygiene;
Sanitation oral cavity;
Orthodontic treatment - in the presence of occlusion disorders and malocclusions;
Surgical treatment - in the presence of anomalies in the structure and attachment of soft tissues;
Antiseptic mouth rinse, hygiene products, decoctions medicinal plants- St. John's wort, sage, chamomile. Do not use hypertonic solutions of kitchen salt or soda, astringents, or tannins.
In acute inflammation, it becomes necessary to eliminate sufficiently strong painful sensations in the gums ( rinsing solutions of citral, propolis - 20-50 drops per glass of water; appliqués anesthetics, mefeminate sodium salt). In cases of severe pain, analgesics are prescribed;
Antibacterial therapy- antiseptics (ethacridinalactate), derivatives of the nitrofuran series (furacilin, furagin), less often - antibiotics and sulfonamide drugs.
Anti-inflammatory therapy- on early stages inflammation, drugs are indicated that prevent the formation of inflammatory mediators (mefenaminate sodium salt, salicylates);
Proteolysis inhibitors (trasylol, contrical);
Drugs that stimulate the formation of anti-inflammatory agents (salicylates, prodigiosan, calcium pantothenate, vitamins C, P);
To regulate microcirculation disorders, the use of anticoagulants (heparin, fibrinolysin) and antiplatelet drugs (sodium salicylate, sodium mefenaminate) is indicated.
Stimulation of reparative processes is aimed at restoring the affected gum tissue; the following drugs are prescribed:
Which enhance phagocytosis (lysozyme),
Preparations of pyrimidine bases (methyluracil, pentoxyl),
Vitamins ( ascorbic acid, vitamin P),
Endogenous RNA and DNA (sodium nucleinate),
Herbal products.
Keratoplasty preparations used to improve epithelialization processes that complete regeneration (vitamin A and its derivatives) - used in the presence of areas of gum desquamation.
PHYSIOTHERAPEUTIC METHODS FOR TREATING ACUTE CATARHRAL GINGIVITIS
Medicinal irrigations;
After the phenomena subsided acute inflammation it is possible to prescribe electrophoresis of different medicines, hydromassage.
Training in individual hygiene rules;
Using toothbrushes with soft or very soft bristles;
Therapeutic and prophylactic toothpastes with anti-inflammatory action with extracts of medicinal herbs, antiseptics, macro- and microelements;
Dental elixirs that contain an antiseptic.
In case of transition to :
Mild severity (I): 1 dispensary group- examination by a doctor once a year.
Moderate severity (II): Dispensary group 2 - examination by a doctor 2 times a year.
Severe degree of disease (III): 3rd dispensary group - examination by a doctor 3 times a year.
If the treatment is effective: POSSIBLE RESULTS
No complaints of pain in the gums;
No bleeding gums;
The gums are pale pink;
Dense;
Painless on palpation;
There is no dental plaque.
If the treatment is ineffective: POSSIBLE RESULTS
Bleeding gums continue;
The gums are swollen;
The presence of dental plaque is noted;
In the future, destruction of the dentogingival attachment is possible;
Formation of periodontal pockets;
Alveolar bone atrophy is the occurrence of localized or generalized periodontitis.
Remission;
Further progression of catarrhal gingivitis and transition to a chronic form;
Development of periodontitis.
Catarrhal gingivitis is a common periodontal disease. The main symptom is serous (catarrhal) inflammation of the gums. Most often the disease occurs in children and adolescents. It is rare after 30 years. The gums become red and loose and bleed even when eating or brushing your teeth. Catarrhal form of gingivitis is the most common inflammatory disease oral cavity. Without timely treatment, acute gingivitis becomes chronic.
The catarrhal form of gingivitis is a lesion of the superficial periodontal tissues adjacent to the teeth. The main factor leading to the development of the problem is soft and hard subtypes of dental plaque. Does not affect the dentogingival attachment, pathological “pockets” of teeth are not formed. Depending on the causes, it can be acute or chronic. More information about the treatment of chronic gingivitis.
What matters is the prevalence of inflammation, that is, the number of affected teeth.
Depending on how widespread the problem is:
The generalized form of the disease is the most complex, as it leads to inflammation of the entire gum and other complications.
According to the severity, catarrhal gingivitis is divided into:
Damage bone tissue occurs only as a complication in severe forms of the disease.
Men have a greater predisposition to developing catarrhal gingivitis than women.
The main reason for the development of catarrhal gingivitis is systemic disorder oral hygiene. As a result, they accumulate on the gums pathogenic organisms and products of their vital activity. This leads to the accumulation of soft and hard plaque, including food debris. All factors leading to the development of gingivitis are divided into:
The most common provoking factors for acute gingivitis are:
Gum inflammation is often caused by bad habits, primarily smoking. It can also be triggered by taking certain medications. These include oral contraceptives, immunosuppressants, and cystostatics. If gingivitis is caused by physiological reasons, recovery will occur quickly. Without adequate treatment, the problem becomes chronic.
Teething in a child is the cause of short-term gingivitis. No inflammation required special treatment. It goes away on its own after dental crown will come out of the gums. The same applies to the eruption of wisdom teeth in adulthood.
Characteristic signs of catarrhal gingivitis are redness, bleeding and “bulging” of the gums. Appears bad smell from the mouth, constant taste of blood in the mouth. All these symptoms are chronic form intensify during exacerbations. Catarrhal gingivitis is diagnosed by the following signs:
In the chronic form of the disease, the following problems arise:
When the relief of the gums changes, roller-like thickenings appear around the teeth, and the interdental areas become dome-shaped.
Even with an advanced form of the disease, the teeth remain motionless and sit firmly in the sockets.
Catarrhal gingivitis in chronic form is accompanied by increased formation of tartar.
Diagnosis of the catarrhal form of gingivitis is carried out by a general dentist or periodontist. The main method of examination is examination of the oral cavity. If necessary, additional examination methods are carried out:
IN difficult cases The use of Doppler fluorometry will also be required. This study allows you to evaluate the quality of fluid circulation within the gums.
If the disease is caused general illness, you will need to consult other specialists. This could be a gastroenterologist, hematologist, endocrinologist and others.
Treatment of catarrhal gingivitis includes local and systemic therapy. Systemic treatment includes:
Local therapy may include:
In the treatment of catarrhal gingivitis, the following medications are used:
Anti-inflammatory therapy is most often carried out at home. A course of treatment from a dentist is only needed if a severe form has led to the development of periodontitis. In this case, special rinsing of periodontal pockets will be required.
If the cause of gingivitis is caries, it must be cured immediately after the acute inflammation has resolved. A complete sanitation of the mouth will also be required.
Anti-inflammatory therapy at home includes the following steps:
After the procedure, refrain from eating for 2 hours. The procedure is repeated 2 times a day. Average rate treatment lasts 8 – 10 days.
With catarrhal gingivitis, you cannot “prescribe” treatment for yourself, even if the problem seems trivial. Only a specialist can determine the cause of the problem and prescribe adequate treatment.
The main measure to prevent catarrhal gingivitis is proper care for teeth and oral cavity. It includes: Professional cleaning allows you to almost completely get rid of plaque and other dental deposits.
It is also worth consulting with your dentist when choosing personal hygiene products. It's not only toothbrush, but also floss (dental floss), irrigator, toothpaste, rinse aid.
When catarrhal gingivitis becomes chronic, the following complications may develop:
A persistent bad breath develops, as well as constant bleeding of the gums.
Sometimes, in severe forms of the disease, desquamation (erosion of the mucous membrane) occurs.
For more details about the symptoms and treatment of catarrhal gingivitis, watch the video
Catarrhal gingivitis is a serous infection that has an acute or chronic form. It most often develops due to improper oral hygiene. Also common reasons caries, bad habits, dental injuries and chronic diseases. There are also physiological reasons such as change hormonal levels and teething in children.
Greetings, dear site visitors. Many of you know that a disease such as catarrhal gingivitis is very common in dentistry. It is not uncommon for patients with similar symptoms They visit dentists more regularly than they would like. Considering how many bacteria live in the mouth of any person, it is not surprising that at times they can create certain problems for us. Not all microorganisms that live on teeth, gums, and mucous membranes are harmless. They constantly multiply and come from the outside (from dirty hands, objects that we put in our mouths).
Catarrhal gingivitis is one of the most common forms of gingivitis. Like many other diseases, it occurs in acute or chronic forms. Acute form It usually affects children, adolescents, and people under the age of 30-35. After this period, chronic gingivitis is more common.
If you think that the cause of the disease is solely poor oral hygiene, then this is not so.
The etiology of catarrhal gingivitis is well studied. Sometimes this disease can be a consequence of other disorders in the body. Including diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, heart, disorders of the immune system, etc. Even some problems with hormones can lead to such manifestations.
But these reasons are general. Local ones are associated with tartar and heavy plaque, which was not removed in a timely manner. Incorrect bite and unsuitable correction means for a particular patient can also have an impact (). Even the dentist who performs prosthetic procedures or installs dental fillings may be at fault.
There are also risk factors including diabetes mellitus, smoking, transferred infectious diseases(flu, sore throat, tuberculosis infection), immunodeficiency states, including AIDS. Also, similar manifestations occur with heavy metal poisoning. It is also worth paying attention to the amount of vitamin C in the patient’s diet. Some people have this reaction to use oral contraceptives. The body is unpredictable; you can never guess how it will behave in a given situation.
The acute form appears suddenly for the patient and has a clear severe symptoms, thanks to the presence of which he begins to take some action to eliminate the problem.
If a person stubbornly refuses to treat gingivitis, the disease becomes chronic and can appear at any time.
Catarrhal gingivitis can be small in scale - a small area of the gum is affected. Then it is called localized. If the inflammation covers the gum completely, this is already generalized gingivitis of the catarrhal type.
There are only three degrees of severity.
For parents, any child's problems always seem more serious than they actually are. However, the phenomenon of catarrhal gingivitis in children should not be underestimated either. Firstly, gum inflammation is always unsafe. Secondly, the presence of such a process may indicate other problems in the body or the oral cavity in particular.
It is important to find the source of the problem. After all, inflammatory manifestations are just the tip of the iceberg.
The disease affects children aged 2 years and older. In most cases, these children do not remove plaque from the surface of their teeth well, which provokes the growth of bacteria. Children also put things in their mouths. dirty hands, which often leads to infections.
Catarrhal gingivitis in children
For inflammation of the gums to form, it is enough not to remove plaque from the teeth for 1.5-2 days. This leads to the rapid spread of anaerobic bacteria, which, in turn, provoke the appearance of an inflammatory process. Problems are also caused by malocclusion, crowded teeth, adentia, caries, and gum injuries. By the way, injure soft fabrics This can happen if you haven't cleaned it properly or if the bristles are too hard.
Another factor that should definitely be taken into account when diagnosing is both milk and first permanent ones.
Often the cause is poorly processed filling edges. If they block the interdental spaces, interfering with normal oral hygiene, this can lead to inflammatory manifestations in the gum area between the filled teeth.
Also, with advanced stomatitis in a child, catarrhal gingivitis becomes a consequence of the fact that the parents of the young patient ignored the need for timely consultation with a doctor or at least the simplest procedures with soda, chlorhexidine and other available means.
If children eat hot or spicy food, this can cause discomfort and even pain in the gums. They may itch and bleed noticeably. Usually there is an unpleasant odor from the mouth. The patient does not taste food correctly.
What should you do or not do to avoid such problems? First of all, don't forget to brush your teeth. If you have a stone, contact a specialist to remove it. The sooner you do this, the better.
Let's move on to next question when it’s too late to drink Borjomi. That is, the patient did not carry out prevention and it is necessary to deal with existing causes and consequences.
U different people Treatment of catarrhal gingivitis is far from the same. First, you need to individually determine the cause.
If there are caries, defects in the lips, tongue frenulum, bite, which lead to problems, they need to be eliminated so as not to bother with relapses later.
It is also worth checking if everything is in order with the gastrointestinal tract, endocrine system, immunity. May need complex treatment. Often, in addition to the dentist, you have to visit a gastroenterologist, ENT specialist, allergist, etc.
Treatment of catarrhal gingivitis in children
When you visit a dentist, he will remove plaque and tartar and check your teeth for carious lesions. The fewer such prerequisites for the development of infections in the mouth, the better. The next stage is the use of antiseptics. It could be like pharmaceutical drug like chlorhexidine and medicinal herbs(mint, chamomile, sage, eucalyptus). Gels are used (, Cholisal, etc.).
| Photo | Recommendations |
|---|---|
 | Prevent the disease from progressing to acute stage. Treat chronic diseases |
 | Once every six months, remove plaque using professional cleaning oral cavity |
 | Support immune system body by healthy image life. Take a vitamin complex |
 | To avoid damaging your gums and leaving food residue in your mouth, you need to brush your teeth with a medium-hard brush. |
 | Properly use cleaning devices such as floss or irrigators |
 | Regular visits to the dentist will lead to timely detection inflammatory processes t will stop their development |
 | Choose a paste on the advice of your dentist. He will be able to correctly select the necessary component in your toothpaste: fluoride, calcium, etc. |
In the fight against the manifestations of catarrhal gingivitis, therapy using drugs can be used local action, including solutions of resorcinol or zinc chloride. Applications to the affected areas can also be used. Aspirin, butadione and methyluracil ointments are effective for them. Chlorophyllipt, Romazulon and other agents are also used.
Does it help? Very individual. For some people, it is enough to remove plaque and stone, rinse their mouth for a couple of days, and everything goes away. To get the same result, another person needs to spend a lot of time and money on restoring immunity in the mouth, eliminating external manifestations, fight against infections, etc. Therefore, do not forget about preventive measures so that you don’t have to suffer with long-term treatment later.
Basic concepts and provisions of the topic:
Catarrhal gingivitis. In the clinic, chronic catarrhal gingivitis or its exacerbation is most often encountered. Acute catarrhal gingivitis is usually a symptom of an acute respiratory infection or local damage (burn, mechanical damage).
Morphological changes: in the epithelium, areas of desquamation, edema, signs of parakeratosis and acanthosis, an increase in acid glycosaminoglycans and glycogen are determined. In the spinous layer of the epithelium, the protein content decreases and the RNA content is sharply reduced.
In the connective tissue there is swelling, hyperemia, stasis, accumulation of lymphocytes and plasma cells. There is pronounced cellular infiltration of the gums. Initially, infiltrates in the stroma have focal character, consist mainly of lymphocytes and macrophages. As inflammation progresses, the composition of the infiltrate changes, and polymorphonuclear leukocytes, plasma cells, and mast cells begin to predominate.
Biochemical changes are observed in the structure of the main substance, indicating a decrease in the activity of redox enzymes. The epithelial attachment is not disrupted.
Clinic
Complaints with chronic catarrhal gingivitis are minor: periodic discomfort in the gum area, bleeding when brushing teeth, when eating, bad breath. As a rule, the patient does not go to the doctor.
In acute cases or exacerbation of the process: bleeding intensifies, a feeling of burning and distension is possible. The general condition of the patient is not impaired.
Objectively: the gums are swollen, hyperemic (in acute inflammation - bright red; in chronic inflammation - congestive-hyperemic). The process may involve the interdental papillae, marginal and attached gingiva. An instrumental examination reveals bleeding gums, the presence of soft plaque and supragingival calculus, the integrity of the dentogingival junction is not compromised. Due to swelling, the depth of the gingival groove is increased.
Additional examination methods:
1. Schiller-Pisarev test is positive.
2. The value of the hygiene index, bleeding index, PMA index is greater than zero.
3. Compared with intact periodontium, with chronic catarrhal gingivitis, the volume and qualitative composition of gingival fluid changes: the amount of gingival fluid increases. The percentage of neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes remains unchanged, but increases absolute number these cells, as well as the number of leukocytes.
4. Kulazhenko’s test – reduced resistance of capillaries under vacuum influence.
5. Polarography – oxygen tension in the gums in chronic catarrhal gingivitis is reduced.
6. Rheoparodontography – 0.03-.05 (N=0.21-23) PTS(peripheral vascular tone) up to 17-19% (N=13-15%) IE(elasticity index) – 65-70% (N=80-90%) IPS(peripheral resistance index) – 100-110% (N=70-80%)
7. On the radiograph there are no changes in the apices of the interdental septa.
It should be noted that morphological signs of inflammation are still detected in clinically healthy gums.
Differential diagnosis of chronic catarrhal gingivitis And mild chronic generalized periodontitis. Common in the clinical picture of these diseases are patient complaints of bleeding gums, swelling and hyperemia of the gingival margin, the presence of soft and hard plaque, IH and PMA greater than normal, the Schiller-Pisarev test is positive. Distinctive features: with periodontitis, periodontal pockets up to 4 mm and resorption of bone tissue of the interalveolar septum are determined. It should be remembered that functional examination methods, rheoparodontography and polarography cannot help in differential diagnosis.
Differential diagnosis of chronic catarrhal and hypertrophic (edematous form) gingivitis due to some commonality clinical picture: patients complain of bleeding gums, change appearance gingival margin. Typically, the proliferative process characteristic of hypertrophic gingivitis is preceded by catarrhal inflammation, so catarrhal gingivitis can be observed on one jaw, and hypertrophic gingivitis on the other. Distinctive features are manifested in the specificity of general somatic diseases associated with various forms of gingivitis. With catarrhal gingivitis, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, infectious diseases, and blood diseases (lympho- and myeloid leukemia) are more often detected. With hypertrophic gingivitis, there is often a hormonal imbalance, the influence of certain medications, and other blood diseases (leukemic reticulosis). There are differences in the clinical picture: swelling and hyperemia of the interdental papillae and gingival margin in catarrhal gingivitis, enlargement of the gingival papillae, severe deformation of the gingival margin, sometimes a bluish tint, formation of false gingival pockets in hypertrophic gingivitis.
Treatment. Professional hygiene – removal of dental plaque and leveling the surface of tooth roots using: hand instruments, mainly curettes and scalers; sound and ultrasonic instruments; rotating tools (system of special fine-grained diamond burs, rubber bands, brushes); polishing pastes; fluorine-containing varnishes; training in the rules of individual hygiene, repeated monitoring of hygiene skills.
Sanitation of the oral cavity. Elimination of local factors contributing to the accumulation of dental plaque (cervical caries, root caries, overhanging edges of fillings and orthopedic structures).
If necessary, consultation with an orthopedist or orthodontist for primary and secondary deformations of the dentition. It is necessary to eliminate factors that aggravate the effect of the microbial factor (occlusal trauma, mechanical trauma (broken or inadequately restored contact point, undefined equator of the coronal part of the tooth); pathology of the attachment of soft tissues in the area of the vestibule of the oral cavity).
In the presence of a pronounced inflammatory process, it is necessary to apply local antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory agents in the form of applications, irrigations, and medicinal dressings at a doctor’s appointment ( "Metrogil Denta"– gel with metronidazole and chlorhexidine) and rinses at home ( "Corsodil" with chlorhexidine, infusion of chamomile, sage, etc.).
To improve epithelization processes, keratoplasty agents are used: fat soluble vitamins A, E; sea buckthorn and rosehip oil; caratoline, solcoseryl, vinylin, etc.
To normalize metabolism, antioxidant protection, increase the overall reactivity of the body, and stimulate regeneration, vitamins and adaptogens can be used. The most commonly used vitamins are A, C, P, E, group B and vitamin complexes ( “Multitabs”, “Ascorutin”, “Aevit”, “Duovit”, “Complevit”, "Tetravit", "Vitrum", "Spectrum", "Supradin"), combination preparations containing vitamins and other substances ( "Olazol", "Aekol", carotoline, rosehip and sea buckthorn oil). It is necessary to remember the side effects and contraindications for these drugs. As a rule, the given treatment regimen is sufficient for the effective treatment of chronic catarrhal gingivitis, but in the presence of aggravating factors (general somatic pathology, secondary immunodeficiency states, etc.), a more specialized, detailed examination and complex treatment with the involvement of specialists of the appropriate profile is required.
Physiotherapy is prescribed with the aim of normalizing microcirculation and improving the trophism of gum tissue, enhancing its reparative and immunobiological properties:
1. Electrophoresis with 5% ascorbic acid, aminocaproic acid, calcium chloride, 1% galascorbine, aloe, vitamin PP. The course is 10-15 procedures, 20 minutes each.
2. Phonophoresis with butadione and indomethacin. heparin ointment on the gingival margin. Course of 10 procedures, 10 minutes each.
3. UV irradiation (2-5 biodoses).
4. Ultratone therapy . Course 10 procedures, 10 minutes. 5. Darsonval - silent discharge, course of 10-12 procedures, 10 minutes each. 6. Laser therapy – course of 5-6 procedures, 6-10 minutes each. For acute and exacerbation of catarrhal gingivitis. 7. Hydro-, vacuum-, auto-massage of gums. Course of 10 procedures, 20 minutes each.
Prevention: 1. Health education on oral hygiene. 2. Rational and nutritious nutrition. 3. Periodic examinations of the oral cavity by a dentist. 4. Timely elimination of risk factors: - Filling carious cavities - Prosthetics according to indications - Reconstructive operations to eliminate abnormalities in the development of soft tissues (frenulum, small vestibule, etc.).
Elimination of malocclusions.
Forecast favorable for illness. With comprehensive treatment, complete recovery occurs. The lack of adequate treatment and the persistence of local disease factors create the risk of developing periodontitis.
Every person faces dental diseases. Among them is generalized gingivitis (also called catarrhal). This is an inflammatory disease of periodontal tissue, in which catarrhal inflammation of the gums occurs. Characterized by edema, hyperemia of the mucous membranes, painful sensations and bleeding. With catarrhal gingivitis, an unpleasant odor emanates from a person’s mouth, and microbial plaque forms on the teeth.
Catarrhal gingivitis
Generalized gingivitis is typical for people under thirty years of age and more often affects men than women. This form of the disease is the most common among all gingivitis.
In each case, the prerequisites for the onset of the disease are individual, but a number of factors can be identified that lead to the development of this disease. These include local and common reasons. Local ones include:
Common causes leading to catarrhal gingivitis:
The type of gingivitis depends on the severity of the disease, but it can be classified according to the extent of the disease and the nature of its course. This is necessary to establish the most accurate clinical picture and select the best way treatment. According to localization they distinguish:
Chronic gingivitis
In addition to location, a huge number of gingivitis are divided according to the nature of the disease. In this category, the inflammatory process can be of two types:
There are three stages according to the severity of the disease:
Courses of treatment are selected in accordance with the classification. Self-medication for catarrhal gingivitis is contraindicated, because the patient can only worsen the existing clinical picture.
Ulcerative-necrotizing gingivitis - acute course of the disease
If you notice the first symptoms of gingivitis, it is better to consult a doctor immediately.
The diagnosis may not be confirmed, but any inflammatory process in the oral cavity indicates a malfunction of the body. To identify the disease, it is carried out differential diagnosis.
In acute gingivitis and its chronic form, the symptoms are completely different. You need to be able to distinguish the first signs of the disease and take timely measures aimed at eliminating and treating the symptoms. The acute form of the disease is characterized by:
Gingivitis - inflammation and bleeding of the gums
These signs appear when the disease is acute. With chronic gingivitis, other symptoms are observed:
If the disease is chronic, it is difficult to cure; you can only take a set of measures aimed at alleviating the symptoms. Relapses are possible.
What gums look like during an exacerbation of gingivitis
A qualified specialist selects treatment depending on the criteria characterizing the course of the disease: severity, nature and location of the disease. If gingivitis has a mild catarrhal stage, then treatment may not include a course of medication: it is enough to eliminate the inflammation and rinse your mouth with a chlorhexidine solution. The dentist may prescribe the following procedures:
To compile a clinical picture, differential diagnostics of the oral cavity is carried out. The patient undergoes a complete examination with all diagnostic procedures, after which the factor that caused the inflammation is identified and eliminated.
Chlorhexidine is used for rinsing
Treatment course for catarrhal gingivitis neglected form averages about two weeks. Treatment can be divided into stages:
Preparations and rinses that are prescribed for the treatment of generalized catarrhal gingivitis:
Chamomile tincture is sold in a pharmacy
For the hypertrophic form, other treatment measures are required, along with those listed above:
Propolis tincture is used for rinsing
Treatment of acute catarrhal gingivitis is not difficult, especially if the differential diagnosis has been carried out correctly. The course of treatment includes a list of certain medications and rinsing the mouth with decoctions of herbs that have antiseptic and anti-inflammatory effects.
Treatment of chronic catarrhal gingivitis includes preventive measures, which are simply necessary for the long-term course of the disease. To prevent recurrence of gingivitis after treatment, the patient is recommended to follow a diet: include more fortified foods in the diet and exclude foods from it irritating mucous membranes of the gums.
Gingivitis, whatever it is (generalized, acute, chronic), is treatable. To do this, differential diagnosis must be correctly carried out. The course of treatment is selected individually, taking into account general condition health (including allergies to certain drugs), food preferences, pregnancy, etc. The main thing is to consult a doctor in time and follow the prescribed treatment.
