Among all antipyretic drugs used in childhood, the most popular is Paracetamol. It effectively reduces fever and helps eliminate pain of various locations. Especially for children's use This drug is produced in the form of a sweet suspension and rectal suppositories. Depending on how old the child is, ordinary tablets may be suitable for him.
Tablets "Paracetamol" are produced by different pharmaceutical companies, so in pharmacies you can find not only a medicine with this name, but also tablets, the box of which has a mark about the manufacturer (such drugs are called "Paracetamol MS", "Paracetamol-LEKT", "Paracetamol-UBF" and so on).
Usually solid form The medicine looks like small round tablets that are white in color, but may also have a white-yellow or white-cream tint. They are packaged in blisters and sold in boxes of 10 or more. The main ingredient of any of these medications is also called paracetamol. Depending on its quantity per tablet, the medicine is prepared in two dosages - 200 mg and 500 mg. Abroad, tableted Paracetamol is also available in a dose of 325 mg.
The auxiliary components of the drug differ from company to company. Among them you can see gelatin, starch, povidone and other ingredients.
If a child has an intolerance to such substances, they should be specified in the annotation for the selected tablets.
After the tablets enter the stomach, paracetamol is absorbed quite quickly, after which this substance penetrates through the bloodstream to the brain tissue and affects the centers of pain and thermoregulation. In these centers, under the influence of such a compound, cyclooxygenases are blocked (these enzymes affect the synthesis of prostaglandins), as a result of which pain is eliminated and body temperature returns to normal.
In peripheral tissues, the action of paracetamol is inhibited cellular peroxidases. Due to their presence, the drug has virtually no anti-inflammatory effect, but also has no side effects on water-salt metabolism And the pills also don’t have any effect on the gastric mucosa.
Tablets "Paracetamol" is used in various cases:
Paracetamol tablets are not used in the treatment of patients under six years of age. If the child is not yet 6 years old, for example, he is only 2 or 4 years old, then instead of the solid form they give Paracetamol in suspension or use suppositories. Medicine in these forms is allowed from 3 months of age and is most often chosen for both children under 1 year and preschoolers. They are often used in children 7-8 years old or older if it is difficult for a child to swallow a tablet.
The tablets should not be given to young patients with the following characteristics:
In addition, the medicine is not used if the child has serious illnesses blood, liver function is impaired or renal failure is detected.
Taking Paracetamol may cause itchy skin, rashes or other signs of an allergic reaction. In rare cases, such tablets have a negative effect on hematopoiesis, gastrointestinal tract or liver function. If any side effects it is advised to discontinue the medicine, but the child must show it to a doctor immediately.
Paracetamol is taken 1 to 3 times a day, swallowing the tablet 1-2 hours after meals and washing it down with water. The dosage is determined taking into account the patient's age. If, say, a child is 7 years old, then 200 mg can be given per dose, and for a 14-year-old child the single dosage is 500 mg. Age also affects the maximum permissible daily dose– it is 1.5 g for patients 6-9 years old, 2 g for children 9-12 years old and 4 g for adolescents 12 years old and older.
The interval between taking tablets should not be shorter than 4 hours. If the medicine is prescribed for pain, the duration of use is up to 5 days, more long-term treatment possible only under the supervision of a doctor.
If the tablets are used for an antipyretic effect, then the course of administration should not exceed three days.
If a child takes too many Paracetamol tablets, it will cause vomiting, stomach cramps, loose stool, etc. negative symptoms gastrointestinal irritation. A very large dose of the drug is dangerous for the liver, and since signs of damage to this organ do not appear immediately and can lead to serious consequences, a child with an overdose must be examined by a doctor (even if his health is fine).
You should not combine the use of Paracetamol and other drugs based on the same active ingredient, as this will increase the risk of overdose. Without a doctor's prescription, it is also not recommended to give the tablets together with other antipyretic medications (for example, acetylsalicylic acid or ibuprofen).
The shelf life of the medicine may vary depending on different manufacturers and is usually 3 years or 5 years. It is recommended to keep the medication at home at temperatures up to +25 degrees, choosing a place for storing it that is inaccessible to children.
Pharmacological companies are developing at a tremendous pace every year, releasing more and more new drugs. Or rather, they have been known for a long time, but under new trade names.
Of course, in most cases, drugs last generations have some advantages over the already outdated ones, for example, they cause fewer side effects or can be used in patients with a wide age range. However, if we consider the situation as a whole, then new drugs always have a completely different price, which is often beyond the means of pensioners or people with average and low level income. Therefore, old drugs again gain advantages, such as low cost and a clear evidence base - time. A prominent representative of them is Paracetamol, the composition of which is simple and therapeutic effect undeniable.
This medicinal product belongs to pharmacological group analgesics and antipyretics, namely anilines. Its active substance is Paracetamolum (paracetamol), formula - C 8 H 9 NO 2, chemical name- (N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)acetamide). It was his pharmacological properties determine the effectiveness of the drug, which is used in standard tablet form at a dosage of 200.0 mg.
Besides active substance, the medicine also contains auxiliary ingredients: potato starch and molasses, as well as stearic acid. Because of this, the tablets acquire a light white or creamy color; they are also made in the form of a flattened cylinder with a chamfer and a transverse notch. However, the drug “Paracetamol” has the above-described form, the composition of which is standard. But on the market pharmacological drugs There are a variety of analogues available. The most famous of them: the drugs “Panadol”, “Aminadol”, “Paracet”, “Efferalgan”, “Aldorol”, “Acetaminophen”, “Ifimol” and others. However, the patient should not be deceived by such an assortment and remember that they are all based on the simple substance paracetamol, the composition of which has not been changed at all or has been changed slightly.
Since the tablets are taken orally, the substance enters the gastrointestinal tract. In its initial sections, the drug is practically not absorbed; its absorption occurs mainly in the lower sections, that is, in small intestine, through passive transport, without the expenditure of energy resources. With a single dose of this medicine at a dosage of 0.5 g (500 mg) of it maximum concentration(16 µg/l in blood plasma) is achieved within 0.5-2 hours. After this, over the course of six hours it gradually decreases to 11-12 µg/l. In this case, a small part of the drug (10-15%) is bound to blood plasma proteins, which determines its relatively short-lived effect.
The drug "Paracetamol", the description of which indicates analgesic and antipyretic effects, like many non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, inhibits both cyclooxygenase 1 and 2 - the enzyme that triggers the synthesis of eicosanoids through metabolism arachidonic acid. And as a result of this, the above actions are ensured. Pain relief occurs due to an increase in the threshold of excitability of specific pain centers in the hypothalamus, plus the influence of endogenous pyrogens on it is reduced, and heat transfer by the body increases. This is how the body temperature decreases. However high efficiency Paracetamol is effective only for mild to moderate pain, as well as infectious diseases. And since, unlike non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, this drug does not have any antiplatelet effect, that is, does not affect blood clotting ability, it can be used in patients with various coagulopathies.
Thus, this drug used for any pain of mild and moderate severity: headaches, dental, joint diseases (arthritis, arthrosis, osteochondrosis), supporting apparatus(myalgia, neuralgia), unfavorable menstrual cycle(algodismenorrhea), infectious diseases accompanied by fever. On the contrary, it is prohibited to take the drug if there is intolerance or hypersensitivity to it in a patient with renal or liver failure, as well as during pregnancy and lactation. In addition, if the patient has a congenital deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, then the drug is also contraindicated, since in this case its proper metabolism will not occur.
As mentioned earlier, Paracetamol, the composition of which includes a minimum of auxiliary components, is taken orally with a small amount of water. It is advisable to do this between meals, which will improve its absorption in the intestines. For adults single dose is 500-1000 mg (0.5-1 g), and the daily dose is 4 g, that is, 20 tablets maximum. However, this is quite risky, and therefore taking such a quantity of the drug should only be carried out under the supervision of a doctor. The recommended dose for children is 200-250 mg if the child’s weight is 20-30 kg, but if the child is over 9 years old, then 500 mg can be given. For patients over 12, the dosage is calculated as for adults.
For adults, a course of treatment of no more than 5 days is allowed if the drug is used as an analgesic, and no more than 3 days if used as an antipyretic. Further, the functions of the blood and liver may be impaired, and therefore its independent use will be allowed only under the supervision of a doctor after passing necessary tests. For children, the course of treatment is only 3 days maximum for any purpose of taking paracetamol. Thus, this drug is quite effective if used in a rational dose for certain indications, and therefore you can do without its expensive analogues.
The drug "Paracetamol", the composition of which determines the ability of the drug to reduce temperature and relieve pain, is the most popular analgesic and antipyretic belonging to the anilides group. The forms of release of the drug are very diverse. These are syrup and suppositories, elixirs and drops, tablets (plain, chewable and effervescent), as well as solutions for injection and for internal use.
The drug "Paracetamol", the formula of which contains chemical compound N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl) acetamide is a metabolite of phenacetin and has properties similar to it. The main advantages of the drug include its low toxicity and lower ability to form methemoglobin. At long-term use in large doses the drug can cause adverse reactions, however, the drug “Paracetamol”, the composition of which is safe, is included by WHO in the list of the most effective analgesics recommended for use in children. By physical characteristics it is a crystalline powder that is white with a pink or cream tint. Paracetamol easily dissolves in alcohol.
In progress pharmacological action on the body, the drug blocks the enzyme cyclooxygenase, activating the synthesis of prostaglandins. The drug "Paracetamol", the composition of which allows you to influence the center of pain and temperature regulation, has an effect on the central nervous system. The drug is absorbed by the digestive system within short period and binds to blood plasma proteins in a volume of fifteen percent. Chemical changes active substance are produced in the liver. This produces paracetamol glucuronide and sulfate. The elements of the drug are excreted from the body through the kidneys. When a nursing woman takes the medication, less than one percent of the drug dose passes into breast milk.
The drug “Paracetamol” is prescribed, the composition of which allows you to get rid of fever and pain, for the treatment of diseases of an infectious nature. They can be arthralgia and neuralgia, myalgia and migraine, algodismenorrhea, as well as dental and headache. The drug does not affect the progression of the disease and is intended for a symptomatic effect and temporary relief of the patient’s condition.
Side effects the drug "Paracetamol", a description of which can be found in the instructions, may result in disruption of the formation of the fetal genital organs when a pregnant woman takes the medication. Also, aseptic pyuria may result from the use of the drug, renal colic, thrombocytopenia, anemia, interstitial glomerulonephritis, as well as allergic manifestations to skin.
Paracetamol is not prescribed under the following conditions:
Individual sensitivity to its composition,
Erosion and ulcerative processes in digestive system;
Combination bronchial asthma c and paranasal sinuses in the relapse stage;
Intolerance to acetylsalicylic acid;
Progressive kidney diseases;
Inflammatory diseases Gastrointestinal tract;
Active liver diseases;
Bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract;
Rehabilitation after coronary artery bypass surgery;
Hyperkalemia.
It is prohibited to take the drug in the third trimester of pregnancy, and it is also not given to newborns until one month of age.
The use of the drug with extreme caution is possible for the following ailments:
Alcoholism;
Kidney, liver and heart failure;
A well-known and very popular medicine in the Russian and foreign markets is Paracetamol. The product is sold in any pharmacy without any prescription and can be used to eliminate many ailments. There is medicine in every home. Find out what Paracetamol treats, how it affects the body, and in what forms it is available.
The medicine appeared on the domestic market in the 80s of the last century, replacing aspirin, which was then banned. The product immediately became popular due to its effectiveness, affordable price, wide range impact, excellent tolerability by children and adults. As its popularity grew in pharmacies, options for the medicine appeared in suppositories, capsules, syrup, powder for preparing a solution, rectal suppositories.
What is Paracetamol used for? The medicine belongs to the group of painkillers, helps with mild to moderate pain, and eliminates syndromes of various origins. The remedy relieves spasms, fever associated with infectious and inflammatory diseases, elevated temperature from 37 degrees and above. The medication is recommended for toothache, headache, myalgia, and discomfort during menstruation. In addition, the medicine normalizes blood pressure, helps with acne and hangovers.
The drug is a weak inhibitor of prostaglandin biosynthesis, its blocking effect mainly affects the central nervous system. How does Paracetamol work? Due to its effect on the central nervous system, the drug has a main effect on the centers of thermoregulation and pain: it blocks the production of prostaglandins and acts on the area of the brain responsible for fever and chills. Evenly distributed, the medicine begins to act after 20-30 minutes. after reception. However, the tablets do not have any effect on the gastrointestinal tract, water-salt balance.
The drug is known for its ability to eliminate different types pain, but you need to remember that it cannot be taken regularly. Does Paracetamol help with toothache? Yes, if you strictly follow the instructions and have no contraindications. For toothache, paracetamol should be taken after meals with water or milk drinks. If a person takes the medicine on his own, without a doctor’s prescription, it is recommended to take no more than 1 g at a time.
The drug eliminates the symptom, but does not eliminate the cause of the pain. If the drug does not have the desired effect, you should not combine the drug with similar medications - it is better to consider stronger analgesics. Tablets should be given to children with caution, preferably after consultation with a doctor. Otherwise, the duration of treatment should not exceed 3 days.
The analgesic copes well with aching, sharp, lingering headaches. Paracetamol is very effective for blood pressure: after taking the medicine, it begins to dilate blood vessels, making them elastic, flexible, restoring blood flow. For migraines and other types of pain, the drug relieves pain by reducing the synthesis of cells responsible for discomfort. The drug is taken only with water. Tea, coffee, carbonated drinks can cause liver problems.
The recommended dosage is no more than 1000 mg per dose. You are allowed to take no more than 4 times per day, unless otherwise prescribed by your doctor. The product is convenient to use for any category of patients: suppositories and syrup are suitable for children over 3 years old; tablets are suitable for teenagers and adults. It is better to contact a specialist so that he can select the form of the medicine and prescribe the dosage in accordance with age and weight category.
If, after drinking an excessive amount of alcohol, a headache, excessive sweating, or dry mouth occurs, these tablets will help cope with these symptoms. The drug should be taken as emergency measure, because it is able to eliminate the unpleasant symptoms of a hangover, but cannot neutralize the effect of acetaldehyde or help the body cope with the consequences of poisoning. The mechanism of action of Paracetamol is such that it causes an analgesic effect, improving well-being. It is important that the product does not cause nausea or irritate the stomach.
Medicine known for its anti-inflammatory effect and minimal side effects. Paracetamol for colds helps to reduce the temperature as quickly as possible by acting on the central nervous system, activating thermoregulation processes in the brain. In addition, it relieves coughs, softens the throat, and helps activate the body's defense mechanisms. It is important to remember: this medicine is not an antibiotic, not a dietary supplement or a vitamin. Being a symptomatic drug, it eliminates symptoms, but does not cure ARVI or colds.
Does paracetamol help with fever? Always! It is recommended to reduce the temperature with medicine; if the numbers on the thermometer show above 38, the person feels satisfactory. Paracetamol is an antipyretic drug and should be used to prevent fever and improve well-being. The medicine does not contain additional chemicals, therefore relatively safe for adults and children. It is better to use tablets in a single dose of 500 mg, per day - no more than 4 g.
If menstruation is painful every time, the woman feels extremely unwell, it is better to use non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. It is recommended to start taking paracetamol for pain during menstruation 2-4 days before the start to prevent discomfort. Use during menstruation will help significantly reduce pain syndrome, will have an anti-inflammatory effect, relax the internal muscles.
To cure acne, it is not enough to clean your pores and wash your face frequently. A simple medication can be used to treat the skin problem. What does Paracetamol do? The medicine has a slight anti-inflammatory effect, but oral administration will not have the desired effect. It is better to use the substance externally. To do this, crush a couple of tablets, dilute with water, stir everything into a liquid paste and apply to problem areas.
