Women most often complain of pain in the lower abdomen. This is due to physiological characteristics the female body and, above all, with the unique ability to give life to a new person.
But we should not forget about other, pathological causes of pain, due to which nagging pain in the peritoneal area can manifest itself in representatives of both sexes.
Knowing which causes pose a serious threat to health will help prevent the development of complications and come to the aid of your body in time.
Nagging pain in the abdomen, especially in its lower part, in girls and women of reproductive age every month reminds imminent arrival menses.
In addition to the aching pain in the abdomen and lower back, premenstrual syndrome often accompanied by headache and psycho-emotional stress:
All this helps women easily determine the beginning of a natural process in their body. Why are so many representatives of the fair sex forced to experience monthly pain in the lower abdomen, sometimes quite intense and prolonged?
Menstruation is evidence that fertilization of the egg has not occurred. The uterus does not need a layer of endometrium covering it, the function of which is to create optimal conditions for the acceptance of the embryo and the course of pregnancy.
The removal of the endometrial mucosa occurs due to contraction smooth muscles uterus, spasms of which cause pain in the abdominal area. For uterine contractions in critical days prostaglandins are responsible for the hormones; the level of their concentration in the blood depends motor activity uterus and intensity of sensations.
During the rest of the menstrual cycle - during the period when there are no periods - processes occur that prepare the woman’s body to become a mother. Therefore, a slight aching pain on the left or right in the groin approximately one and a half to two weeks after menstruation is usually also not a cause for concern.
Minor discomfort for a couple of days in the middle of the cycle indicates ovulation: the maturation and release of the follicle from the ovary, which may be accompanied by minor damage blood vessels and slight bleeding from the vagina.
The echoes of this process often cause minor painful sensations: depending on which ovary the egg came from, the pain is localized on the left or right.
In addition, a woman may experience:
These signs are harmless and indicate healthy ovulation. In addition, the listed factors help calculate the optimal timing for successful conception, since a week after ovulation there is practically no chance of a favorable outcome.
If a woman has a delay (there is no period at the beginning of a new cycle), and the body gives signals similar to symptoms of premenstrual tension, we are most likely talking about a joyful event: the onset of pregnancy. Delayed menstruation morning sickness and the nagging pain just above the groin leave no doubt that a small new life has arisen.
At the beginning of pregnancy, the stomach often feels tight, like during menstruation. The fact is that after ovulation, the fertilized egg reaches the uterus only at the end of the cycle - around the time of the onset of the next menstruation - therefore, women often confuse the process of attaching it to the walls of the uterus with PMS.
The main reproductive organ in girls - the uterus - is accepting the invasion " foreign body", is forced to adapt his muscle tissue for further peaceful coexistence. Therefore, egg implantation is accompanied by damage to epithelial cells, which explains pain syndrome and the presence of minor bleeding in the early stages of conception.
For more later pain localized below the navel occurs due to:
Bloating and pain in the lower peritoneum - common complaint in men and women with flatulence and stool disorders.
By processing food that promotes increased gas formation(legumes, sauerkraut, baked goods, fast food, carbonated drinks, etc.), bacteria in the intestines produce gases, which, when accumulated, begin to put pressure on its walls and negatively affect motility.
In pregnant women extra pressure the intestines are affected by the enlarged uterus, aggravating the problem with belching, hiccups and unpleasant smell from the mouth.
As a result, there may be a delay in bowel movement - constipation, or, conversely, loose stool- diarrhea. The same situation can arise with a lack of intestinal microflora due to taking certain medicines and gastrointestinal diseases. In addition, the cause of heaviness in the abdomen and indigestion may be poisoning.
During constipation, the sensation of pain is caused by large number feces creating pressure on the intestinal walls. He, in turn, begins to put pressure on organs located nearby. With diarrhea, pain and heaviness provokes stretching of the intestinal walls and spasms of smooth muscles.
Pregnant women should definitely listen out for abdominal pain of unknown origin, because it can harm two lives at once. In addition to the relatively harmless flatulence and stool disorders that we described above, heaviness in the abdomen can be accompanied by contractions and serious pathologies of pregnancy.
A real threat to the life of the fetus is premature placental abruption, a pathology that most often manifests itself in the second or third trimester of pregnancy. The placenta performs protective function, providing the baby in the womb with everything necessary. If it is completely detached, the fetus may die.
Classic symptoms of this complication:
provoke premature detachment placenta during pregnancy may be due to abdominal trauma or the presence of:
At the end of the second trimester, pregnant women may feel cramping pain and tension in the abdomen several times a day, during which the uterus becomes as if “stone-like.” These are training contractions that prepare the body for future childbirth.
There is no need to be afraid of them, but if the intensity of the pain increases, it is better to consult a gynecologist to eliminate the threat of miscarriage or premature birth.
On last weeks pregnancy similar sensations may cause labor pains to begin.
Pain in the pubic, groin or pelvic area in a pregnant woman, which intensifies when walking and changing body position, often indicates a divergence of the bones of the pubic symphysis - symphysitis. This pathology usually manifests itself in the third trimester and requires close monitoring by a doctor until birth. In some cases, the pregnant woman even requires hospitalization.
Starting from the middle of pregnancy (16-24 weeks), pain in the lower abdomen can also occur due to the movements and kicks of the growing baby. And, although they are often quite painful, they are completely natural and safe.
The appendix is located on the lower right side of the abdomen. If inflammation occurs, pus accumulates in the appendix, and it itself increases in size and becomes painful. Appendicitis causes acute and sharp pain in the peritoneum, the patient feels sick, feels weak and chills due to increased temperature.
Inflammatory process urinary tract(cystitis, pyelonephritis) often leads to swelling of the affected organs.
Kidneys and bladder are compressed nerve endings, annoying back wall peritoneum, from here:
Heaviness in the lower abdomen can become a symptom of a progressive disease of the female genital area.
Most often they become:
In addition, pain in the lower abdomen often accompanies an ectopic pregnancy. An embryo growing outside the uterine cavity puts pressure on surrounding tissues, and thereby provokes aching pain in the groin area.
Varicose veins located in the pelvis are observed in 30% of women during pregnancy.
It can also occur against the background of:
Women with varicose veins of the pelvis experience aching pain in the lower sections abdomen, perineum and lumbar region after physical exertion, prolonged stay in vertical position and during sexual intercourse. You may also experience brown discharge before and after your period.
Gastritis, stomach ulcer, inflammation of the gallbladder, pancreas duodenum, cirrhosis of the liver and some other diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and organs located in abdominal cavity, are also often accompanied by aching abdominal pain and digestive disorders.
Most of them are usually accompanied additional symptoms, such as:
If you have pain in your lower abdomen before your period or in the middle of your cycle, the pain is moderate and is not accompanied by any alarming symptoms- most likely there is nothing to worry about. But if you have doubts, make an appointment with a gynecologist and verify this personally.
In all other cases, especially if you are expecting a child, the pain is very severe or prolonged and/or, in addition to it, you observe an increase or decrease in body temperature, a general deterioration in your condition, unusual discharge from the urethra or vagina - visit an obstetrician-gynecologist as soon as possible and a therapist!
Do not self-medicate! Unauthorized use of painkillers makes diagnosis difficult and can lead to dire consequences. A timely visit to a doctor will help you quickly determine correct diagnosis, speed up treatment and prevent unwanted complications.
The lower abdomen is tight, but there are no periods - this situation occurs very often. You should not ignore the symptom, especially if others are present. warning signs.
Female body has a unique structure. Girls with adolescence begin to understand his signals about any changes and violations. The definition of stages confirms this. Women a few days and even 1-2 weeks before the arrival of their period understand what it is time to carry in their purse. hygiene product in the form of tampons or pads.
In the middle of the menstrual cycle, women suffer from painful sensations in the abdominal area. They can cover only the bottom or be localized on both sides. Pain syndrome in medicine is called ovulatory.
It occurs due to irritation of the mucous membranes of the peritoneum caused by bleeding in the ovary during ovulation. Not all representatives of the fairer sex suffer from pain before menstruation; some of them do not even know about ovulatory pain. Its presence and intensity depend on the constitution of the body and the degree of sensitivity.
During puberty, girls are just beginning to develop reproductive function. Therefore, stabilization of the menstrual cycle is delayed for 1.5-2 years.
During this period, there may be no monthly bleeding, but pain and nagging sensations in the lower abdomen may bother you. When the body gets used to the new hormonal levels and changes, menstruation will occur with a frequency given by nature - once every 21–35 days.
U adult woman nagging pain in the abdomen can signal serious problems.
An imbalance of hormones in the body occurs when the functioning of thyroid gland. Menstruation does not start on time if the level of hormone-like substances (prostaglandins) is elevated. A large number of them provokes increased contractions of the uterus and a shift in menstruation for several days.
At hormonal disorders In addition to painful spasms, a woman experiences:
In the first days after conception, a delay in menstruation becomes a natural phenomenon. Pulling in the lower abdomen due to the fixation of the fertilized egg in the uterus. Along with this, the woman becomes irritable, her breasts swell and she reacts painfully to touch.
During this period, white vaginal discharge interspersed with brown clots. They can easily be confused with the onset of menstruation, but in fact, changes in the color and structure of the mucus indicate the successful consolidation of the embryo. This is implantation discharge.
Pain in the lower back and lower abdomen is felt due to stretching of the muscles of the uterus. It should not last more than 7-10 days and should not be too intense. 
The absence of critical days and a nagging feeling force a woman to apply
Video about late menstruation
To less dangerous reasons Lack of menstruation and pain can be attributed to:
All of them sooner or later lead to a decrease in a woman’s reproductive ability. Therefore, it is worth reviewing your daily routine and eliminating negative factors from it.
You cannot ignore any signals from the body. It’s better to visit a doctor unscheduled and get everything checked possible reasons, which could lead to a disruption in the menstrual cycle and the appearance of lingering pain. This must be done because of the risk ectopic pregnancy or early miscarriage. But it is also better to find out about the presence of fibroids, STDs and hormonal imbalance in a timely manner.
Gynecological examination and additional tests and research will give full picture condition of a woman. Using it, the doctor will be able to diagnose and prescribe an effective course of treatment.
The quality of human life largely depends on physical condition. Even slight discomfort already interferes with normal existence.
Stretching pain in the lower abdomen - quite common occurrence in the female body. And it’s okay if they occur during critical days. But what does their appearance on other days of the menstrual cycle mean? Every case is various reasons problems.
Let us highlight the reasons that are not caused pathological condition women. Initially, it is worth clarifying that the stated causes of the problem have unexpressed symptoms and do not greatly affect general condition ladies.
There is a pulling in the lower abdomen, and this may be a consequence of gynecological diseases. A woman may not even be aware of some diseases of the female appendages, but these are obvious symptoms of problems.
First of all, when painful sensations appear in the lower abdomen, but there is no menstruation, you should contact a gynecologist and undergo an examination. Some may be hidden and develop into chronic diseases.
Let's consider the most common problems:
Pulling in the lower abdomen may not be due to gynecological problems.
It so happens that pain in the lower abdomen is most often associated with the monthly cycle.
But, in addition to the appendages, there are other, no less important organs in the pelvic area.
Here are some possible sources:
It also happens when you start to feel a tightening in the lower abdomen after coitus has taken place. Female organs They are quite sensitive and any interventions on their territory are accompanied by minor injuries.
Sometimes, small pain is added to the pain, which are a consequence of microcracks.
If such situations are isolated cases, there is no need to worry. But if the pain recurs frequently, you need to consult a doctor to determine the exact cause of the problem.
In general, any alarming deviations with female body It's best to discuss it in your doctor's office.
Pain in the lower abdomen, which is observed in many women during menstruation, is considered common and does not cause concern. It’s another matter if the lower abdomen pulls when the time for menstruation has not yet arrived or it has not begun in due date. Such pain, not associated with menstruation, is a good reason to visit a doctor. What types of pain are the most dangerous and why you can’t put it off medical examination?
There are no women who have not experienced pain during menstruation at least once in their lives. According to statistics, the vast majority of women had episodic pain during menstruation, and over 45% suffered from it for a long period.
Blame these painful sensations the muscles of the uterus, which, by contracting, expel the rejected layer of the mucous membrane from the uterine cavity along with the dead, unfertilized egg. Progesterone, prostaglandins and other substances produced by the woman’s body are responsible for the intensity of contractions.
Normally, there is no or very little pain during menstruation. When the level of progesterone and prostaglandins increases, the uterus reacts to it with excessive contraction of the muscle layer, spasms of the uterine muscles cause pain.
Another cause of discomfort and pain during menstrual periods is hormonal imbalance, observed in cases of dysfunction of the thyroid gland. Among women who complain of painful menstruation, many are overweight. Endocrinologists have proven that people with large amounts of fat deposits always have increased level estrogen, which is one of the factors provoking dysmenorrhea.
Women experiencing severe abdominal cramps and pain during menstruation should consult a gynecologist. Depending on the results of the examination and tests, the doctor prescribes mild painkillers, antispasmodics, or hormonal drugs to correct existing imbalances.
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In some cases, nagging pain in the abdomen does not coincide in time with menstruation. The presence of such pain alarms a woman, especially if her period is not on time. Trying to independently determine the source of pain in such a situation is not worth it. There are many organs located in the abdominal cavity, and disturbances in each of them can cause pain.
If menstruation begins at irregular intervals and the deviation is a week or more, this condition is considered a menstrual cycle disorder. In some cases, there is no failure in the timing of the onset - menstruation appears regularly, but varies greatly in duration and amount of discharge. Very often, the uterine mucosa has an uneven thickness, so when it is rejected, women feel a tug in the lower abdomen. This is also considered a deviation from the norm and requires close attention.
The basis for an irregular menstrual cycle may be the most various disorders in the body, so there is no need to try to determine the cause yourself. Only a doctor can recognize the problem after detailed examination women and the use of diagnostic methods such as laboratory test, Ultrasound, assessment of hormonal status.
Prolonged sexual intercourse, accompanied by active frictions, is a fairly common cause nagging pain in the lower abdomen. This is due to the anatomical discrepancy between the genitals of a woman and her sexual partner. This type of pain occurs especially often in nulliparous women With small size vagina. In this situation, changing the position during sexual intercourse often helps solve the problem.
Diseases reproductive organs have very diverse symptoms. One of the signs that indicates a problem is pain, which is usually located in the lower abdomen. Gynecological diseases according to their origin they are divided into:
The largest of these is the group infectious diseases. Such diseases include vaginitis, endometriosis, colpitis, adnexitis and others. An infection of any kind has a damaging effect on the tissues of the female reproductive system and causes inflammation. For inflammatory processes characterized by pain and changes in the amount and nature of discharge.
If you suspect inflammation, you should consult a gynecologist. Based on the data obtained during the examination, the doctor prescribes drugs that have a detrimental effect on the pathogen and relieve inflammation. This group The disease has a favorable prognosis and responds well to treatment.
Pain and vaginal discharge may also be a symptom of developing tumor process. The prognosis in this situation largely depends on the type of tumor and the stage of its development. Great value depends on how early the woman addressed her problem to the doctor, so it is very important not to ignore changes in your body and periodically undergo preventive examinations with a gynecologist.
Abdominal pain is a companion to diseases of the kidneys, ureters and bladder. Bladder is located in front of the uterus, so with pain in this area it is difficult to determine which of the two organs is its source. Pain in the lower abdomen may be associated with disorders of the urinary organs, such as:
To clarify the diagnosis, doctors use the following diagnostic methods, such as urine analysis, ultrasound, radiography using contrast agents. In particular difficult cases turn to computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging.
Hormonal imbalances can also cause pain in the lower abdominal segment. For functioning reproductive system Not only the female sex hormones estrogen and progesterone secreted by the ovaries are responsible. They are just part endocrine system women and are functionally interconnected with other organs that secrete hormones.
For example, impaired thyroid function leads to an increase or decrease in the level of thyroid hormones in the blood, which affects the production of estrogen and progesterone hormones. Similar effect observed in pathology endocrine glands located in the brain. Causes of hormonal disorders:
Changes in the level of female sex hormones can adversely affect the condition of the uterine mucosa, and also contribute to the formation of one or more cysts in the ovaries. All these disorders ultimately make themselves felt by abdominal pain.
Another common cause of pain is problems with the stomach and intestines. Unpleasant sensations in the lower abdomen are most characteristic of diseases of the large intestine. The cause of pain may be spasm, bloating, inflammation, or obstruction. Diseases in which the lower abdomen pulls, as during menstruation:
The appearance of slight pain when positive test It is normal for pregnancy and does not require treatment. Sharp pain in the lower or lateral part of the abdomen is a reason for an emergency visit to the hospital, since pain of this type is characteristic of an ectopic pregnancy.
Can there be a pregnancy if the lower abdomen pulls like during menstruation, but there are no menstruation?
You need to see a doctor, or at least do good test. It shows pregnancy from the first day of delay.
