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Nicotinic acid represents water soluble vitamin, which is also called niacin, vitamin RR or B 3. This vitamin ensures the normal course of all redox biochemical reactions in any organs and tissues. And since redox reactions are the basis of the life of any cell, then, accordingly, nicotinic acid is necessary for the normal functioning of any organs and tissues of the body.
Nicotinic acid deficiency leads to pellagra– a disease that also bears the figurative name “three D”, since its main manifestations are dermatitis, diarrhea and dementia.
Nicotinic acid is the only vitamin that is classified as a medicine because it has the ability to treat any disease. In principle, vitamin PP is the most effective drug that lowers blood cholesterol levels. However, in addition to its therapeutic activity, nicotinic acid performs a number of very important biological functions. Thus, nicotinic acid activates enzymes that ensure the production of energy in cells from fats and carbohydrates. That is, it is under the influence of vitamin PP that sugars and fats are converted into the energy necessary for the life of every cell of any organ or tissue. Accordingly, with a lack of this vitamin, the process of energy production is disrupted, as a result of which the cells of various organs stop working normally and performing their functions. That is why nicotinic acid supports the normal functioning of all organs and tissues, and is especially important for the heart and blood vessels.
In addition, niacin activates enzymes that ensure the formation of sex hormones in men and women (estrogens, testosterone, progesterone), as well as insulin, cortisone and thyroxine.
As a medicine, vitamin PP has the following therapeutic effects:
That is why niacin is the most effective drug as a medicine. effective means control blood cholesterol levels. Thus, in people who have suffered a myocardial infarction, regular use of nicotinic acid increases the percentage and extends survival much better than any other pharmaceutical drugs.
In addition, nicotinic acid fights major risk factors cardiovascular diseases, such as:
Also, the use of nicotinic acid can significantly reduce the dosage of insulin in people suffering from type I diabetes. In addition, with regular use, vitamin PP prevents the development of diabetes, as it protects pancreatic cells from damage. According to a study conducted in New Zealand, preventive administration of niacin to children aged 5–7 years reduced the incidence of diabetes by half (50%).
In osteoarthritis, nicotinic acid reduces the severity pain syndrome and improves the mobility of affected joints.
Vitamin PP has a sedative (calming) effect. In addition, nicotinic acid increases the effectiveness of medications used to treat depression, anxiety, decreased attention, alcoholism and schizophrenia. In these conditions, isolated use of nicotinic acid gives positive results. therapeutic effect.
Nicotinic acid has excellent detoxifying properties, so it is used to remove toxic substances from the body of people who have been exposed to them for some time.
Regular intake of nicotinic acid can prevent migraine attacks and alleviate their course.
The largest amounts of nicotinic acid are found in following products power supply:
Incomplete deficiency of nicotinic acid manifests itself with the following symptoms:
With prolonged intake of very large quantities of nicotinic acid into the body, a person may experience fainting, itchy skin, and disorders heart rate and work disorders digestive tract. Other symptoms of intoxication excess consumption does not cause vitamin PP, since nicotinic acid has low toxicity.
Currently on pharmaceutical market CIS countries have the following nicotinic acid preparations containing nicotinamide as an active component:
You can administer nicotinic acid preparations in the form of subcutaneous, intramuscular and intravenous injections. Intravenously the solutions are injected in a stream, but slowly. For intravenous administration of nicotinic acid, you must contact medical institution, since such injections should only be performed by highly qualified nurse. The point is that intravenous administration nicotinic acid can provoke severe allergic reactions, which can only be stopped in a medical facility. Subcutaneous and intramuscular injections You can do it at home yourself, but you must remember that such injections are very painful. To perform an injection, you first need to choose the right location. For intramuscular injections, the optimal areas are the outer upper third of the shoulder, the anterior surface of the thigh, the anterior abdominal wall(for people without overweight) and the upper outer quadrant of the buttock. For subcutaneous injections, the optimal areas are the areas of the forearm and the outer anterior wall of the abdomen.
Having chosen the injection site, you need to wipe it with a cotton swab moistened with an antiseptic (alcohol, chlorhexidine, etc.). Then draw into the syringe required quantity solution, release a few drops by lifting it up with a needle, and inject. After the injection, it is necessary to re-treat the injection site with a cotton swab moistened with an antiseptic. For each subsequent injection, it is necessary to choose a new place, deviating from the previous injection by 1 - 1.5 cm.
Intramuscular injection is performed as follows: the needle is inserted deep into the tissue, after which the solution is released using slow pressure on the piston. Intradermal injection is performed as follows: With two fingers, a small area of skin is grabbed into a fold. Then a needle is inserted into this fold, holding it almost parallel to the underlying skin and at the same time perpendicular to the lateral surface of the fold. The needle is inserted until tissue resistance is felt. As soon as the needle begins to move freely, the insertion is stopped. After this, slowly pressing on the syringe plunger releases the solution into the tissue.
The choice of method of administration of nicotinic acid is made by the doctor depending on the severity of the disease, general condition and the required speed of appearance positive effects. For intravenous, intramuscular and subcutaneous injections, 1%, 2.5% and 5% solutions of nicotinic acid are used, which are administered 1 to 2 times a day. The amount of solution required for administration is calculated by the amount of nicotinic acid contained in it.
Dosages and duration of therapy depend on the disease and are as follows:
It is recommended to take the tablets after meals and wash them down with cool drinks (water, fruit juice, compote, etc.). Taking nicotinic acid tablets before meals can provoke unpleasant sensations, such as a burning sensation in the stomach, nausea, etc. It is advisable to swallow the tablets whole, but if necessary, you can chew or crush them. The dosage and duration of use of nicotinic acid depend on the severity of the condition and the type of disease. Currently recommended the following dosages tablets for various states for people of different ages:
Duration of one course of treatment various diseases nicotinic acid averages 2 – 3 months. Such courses of therapy can be repeated if necessary, maintaining intervals of at least 1 month between them.
If for any reason treatment was interrupted before completion full course, then you can start taking nicotinic acid again after 5 - 7 days, but in smaller dosages and gradually bring it back to the desired level. In this case, the course of treatment is extended by only a 5-7 day break.
With long-term use of nicotinic acid, it is necessary to monitor liver function every three months, determining the levels of lipids, glucose and uric acid, as well as the activity of AST, ALT and alkaline phosphatase in the blood. If there is a sharp increase in the levels of these indicators above the norm, it is necessary to reduce the dosage. To reduce the possible negative effects of nicotinic acid on the liver, it is necessary to include foods containing methionine (for example, cottage cheese) in the diet or take medications with methionine.
On initial stage treatment, it is necessary to monitor blood glucose levels and, if necessary, begin therapy with small doses, gradually increasing them to therapeutic ones.
Unfortunately, not all people can take high and effective doses of nicotinic acid, since they are poorly tolerated, causing hot flashes, redness of the skin and gastrointestinal disturbances. In such situations, maximum dosages that are well tolerated by a person are selected individually.
In addition, with prolonged use of nicotinic acid, it can be washed out of the body. ascorbic acid. Therefore, to prevent its deficiency, it is necessary to take vitamin C along with nicotinic acid.
It is also necessary to remember that use of nicotinic acid in therapeutic dosages can provoke the following negative consequences:
Nicotinic acid enhances the effects of cardiac glycosides (Strophanthin, Korglykon, etc.), antispasmodics (No-Shpa, Papaverine, etc.), fibrinolytics (Streptokinase, Urokinase, etc.) and alcohol.
When taken with lipid-lowering drugs, the risk of developing toxic effects on the liver may increase.
In addition, vitamin PP reduces the severity of the therapeutic effect of antidiabetic drugs.
Electrophoresis with nicotinic acid is used in the treatment of osteochondrosis. This method allows you to quickly remove lactic acid from the affected areas inflammatory process tissue, which actually causes sharp, excruciating pain and severe swelling. When using electrophoresis, nicotinic acid is delivered directly to the affected area of tissue, thereby ensuring its action in the place where it is needed. In addition, due to the supply of vitamin PP directly to the affected tissues, the therapeutic effect develops quickly, and relief occurs literally after the first procedure. Also, after electrophoresis with nicotinic acid, the supply of other medications (taken orally or injected), oxygen and nutrients into the affected tissue areas, since vitamin PP improves blood microcirculation. It is thanks to these effects that when using electrophoresis with nicotinic acid, the healing process and relief of an attack of osteochondrosis occurs much faster.
To carry out electrophoresis, a 1% solution of nicotinic acid is used. The procedures are carried out once a day for 10 days. If necessary, a course of electrophoresis with nicotinic acid can be carried out periodically to prevent exacerbations and prevent the progression of osteochondrosis.
Vitamin PP improves blood microcirculation in the scalp, which increases the amount of nutrients and oxygen supplied to the hair follicles. Due to a more intense flow of oxygen and nutrients, hair under the influence of nicotinic acid stops falling out, begins to grow faster and takes on a shiny, beautiful appearance. Vitamin PP eliminates dryness, reduces the number of split ends, maintains normal hair color, preventing the appearance of gray hair. Thus, nicotinic acid has a positive effect on the health and speed of hair growth. However, it must be remembered that all of these effects of nicotinic acid are not due to its properties, but to the fact that vitamin PP increases blood flow in the area hair follicles, as a result of which the hair receives more nutrients and vitamins. Accordingly, the effect of using nicotinic acid for hair will be noticeable only if a person eats normally and nutritiously and his body has a sufficient amount of vitamins and minerals that the bloodstream can deliver to the hair follicles. If a person eats poorly or suffers from a deficiency of vitamins and minerals in the body, then there will be no effect from using nicotinic acid for hair, since increased microcirculation in the area of the hair follicles will not increase the amount of nutrients and oxygen supplied to them.
Nicotinic acid for hair can be used in the following ways:
Nicotinic acid should be added to homemade and ready-made hair care products in the form of a 2 – 2.5% solution. For every 100 ml of mask or shampoo, add 5-10 drops of nicotinic acid solution and use the prepared composition immediately. You cannot store vitamin-enriched PP cosmetics for hair, since vitamin PP is quickly destroyed when oxygen is available.
The simplest and most in an efficient way The use of nicotinic acid for hair is to rub it into the scalp. To do this, use ampoules with a 1% solution. The ampoules are opened immediately before use, the solution is poured into a small container and gently rubbed into the scalp with your fingers using gentle massaging movements along the partings. First, the crown and forehead are treated, then the back of the head and temporal areas.
Depending on the length and thickness of the hair, 1–2 ampoules of nicotinic acid solution are needed at a time. It is recommended to rub in nicotinic acid after washing your hair. Some time after applying nicotinic acid to the scalp, a feeling of warmth and slight tingling may appear, which is normal and indicates activation of blood flow. After application, there is no need to rinse off the vitamin solution, since it is absorbed into the skin and hair and has its positive effect.
To obtain the optimal effect, you need to rub nicotinic acid into the scalp every day for a month. After this, you need to take a break for at least 1 month, after which the course of using vitamin PP can be repeated.
Plastic surgeons in the USA recommend that their patients take a course of nicotinic acid before surgery, as this reduces the time it takes to restore normal skin structure after surgery. surgical intervention. In addition, cosmetologists actively recommend taking nicotinic acid to people whose skin is dull, flabby and tired. In principle, any girl or woman can periodically take nicotinic acid to improve the condition of the skin.
This should be done according to a certain pattern. 10 days before the expected next menstruation, you need to start taking nicotinic acid tablets at a dosage of 50 mg per day, and do this before the start of your period. On the first day of menstruation, stop taking nicotinic acid. Then they drink nicotinic acid in the same way for two more menstrual cycles. The total duration of therapy with vitamin PP tablets is 3 menstrual cycle 10 days each. Such courses can be repeated periodically, maintaining intervals between them of at least 2 months. In one course of use, skin irregularities are smoothed out, and pimples and post-acne (even old ones) completely disappear.
Some time after taking nicotinic acid, slight redness of the face may appear, which is a normal reaction and is caused by expansion blood vessels. The redness will go away quickly. However, it is precisely because of the effect of facial redness that many cosmetologists do not recommend using nicotinic acid, fearing that it will disappoint and scare away clients.
It is not recommended to apply a solution of nicotinic acid to the skin externally, as this can cause severe drying and severe redness with the formation of telangiectasia ( spider veins). However, if you want to conduct an experiment, you can add 3–5 drops of a 1% solution of nicotinic acid to 50 ml of cream and apply the finished composition to your face.
Nutritionists and doctors consider nicotinic acid to be an effective remedy that accelerates the process of losing weight and makes it easier to tolerate. However, you need to know that nicotinic acid itself does not promote weight loss, it only speeds up metabolic processes in the human body and improves mood. And therefore, vitamin PP will help you lose weight faster only for those people who follow a diet and exercise. For the purpose of losing weight, nicotinic acid should be taken 20–100 mg per day for 15–20 days while following a diet. After this, you should stop taking nicotinic acid, but if necessary, the course of its use can be repeated after 1 - 1.5 months.
Remember when we were scared as children that a drop of nicotine would kill an adult healthy horse? It was an unsuccessful attempt to explain that smoking is bad. But for many this information did not leave a response in the soul. A horse in a city is an almost fabulously rare creature. And a drop of nicotine seemed bad.
A deficiency of this substance leads to hypovitaminosis. In this case, pellagra develops. Without proper treatment, this disease ends sadly. In addition to vitamin deficiency, the following organs and systems suffer from a lack of vitamin PP:
Nicotinic acid helps with liver inflammation.
Pharmacies offer nicotinic acid in ampoules for intramuscular injections and tablet forms in different dosage. Indications for use:
Vitamin PP is a vital compound, but there are a number of conditions for which it should not be used. Contraindications for use:
Effective dosages depend on the age and diagnosis of the patient. The drug is administered by drip, so intramuscular injections are painful. It is advisable to carry out the manipulation after eating. This will reduce the likelihood of developing discomfort itching and heat. Effective dosages for various diseases:
Other drugs containing vitamin PP are indicated for the treatment of children. But if there is no alternative, then nicotinic acid is prescribed in an amount of no more than 20 ml per day. An excess of vitamins is just as dangerous as their deficiency. Besides this, medicines may cause discomfort. Adverse reactions of nicotinic acid.
One milliliter of 0.1% solution for injection contains 10 mg of active active substance, as well as sodium bicarbonate and water for injection.
The Xth edition of the State Pharmacopoeia of the USSR states that the solution is a transparent, colorless liquid with a pH from 5.0 to 7.0.
The concentration of nicotinic acid in one tablet is 0.05 grams.
Pharmacological forms of nicotinic acid: 1% injection solution and 50 mg tablets.
Ampoules with 1 ml of solution are packaged in 10 pieces in blister packs, 5 packs per pack.
Tablets are sold packaged:
Vitamin B . Compensates for shortages vitamin PP (B3) , renders vasodilating (vasodilator) , hypocholesterolemic And hypolipidemic action.
Vitamin PP (nicotinic acid) is a vitamin that takes part in large quantities oxidative reactions occurring in living cells.
The drug has a specific effect antipellagric effect and is used to improve performance blood vessels .
The administration of nicotinic acid preparations makes it possible to normalize the permeability of vascular walls and, accordingly, reduce tissue swelling, improve the state of tissue (in particular, nitrogen and carbohydrate) metabolism and microcirculation, expand the lumen of blood vessels (a vasodilating effect is noted at the level of small blood vessels, including the vessels of the brain brain), increase the fibrinolytic activity of blood plasma and reduce platelet aggregation by suppressing the synthesis of TxAj (thromboxane A2), a mediator of their aggregation and degranulation.
In the body vitamin PP biotransforms into nicotinamide , which binds to the hydrogen-transfer coenzymes NAD and NADP. Regulates oxidation-reduction reactions, takes part in synthetic processes, metabolism , purines , proteins , as well as in glycogenesis And tissue respiration .
Reduces the rate of VLDL synthesis and inhibits lipolysis (fat degradation) in adipose tissue. Helps normalize blood lipid composition: reduces LDL concentration, triglycerides And general , while increasing the level of HDL in the blood. Shows antiatherogenic And detoxifying properties .
Ensures the conversion of the trans-form of retinol into cis-retinal, which is used in the synthesis visual pigment rhodopsin, stimulates the release of histamine and promotes the activation of kininogenesis.
Vitamin B3 well absorbed into pylorus of the stomach and upper sections duodenum . With the participation of and can be produced by the bacterial flora of the intestine from, which comes with food. Amount required to form a milligram of substance tryptophan - 60 mg.
Metabolization occurs in the liver. Nicotinic acid and its metabolic products are excreted by the kidneys; when taken in high doses, the substance is excreted primarily in its pure form.
Indications for the use of Nicotinic acid are:
Strict contraindications for both dosage forms The drug causes serious liver dysfunction, bleeding, cerebral hemorrhage, hypersensitivity to nicotinic acid.
Nicotinic acid tablets should also not be taken during periods of exacerbation. peptic ulcer and children under 2 years of age (as anti-sclerotic agent ).
Additional contraindications to the use of Nicotinic acid in ampoules are: atherosclerosis , hyperuricemia , heavy arterial hypertension , children's age.
The drug stimulates the release histamine , which in some cases may be accompanied by:
Side effects associated with long-term use high doses vitamin B3 , are expressed as:
Nicotinic acid injections: instructions for use
The route of administration and dose depend on the indications. At ischemic stroke And pellagra It is recommended to inject the solution slowly into a vein. At pellagra It is also possible to give injections intramuscularly or subcutaneously.
Antipellagric therapy involves a single or double dose of 50 mg intravenously or 100 mg intramuscularly. The duration of treatment is 10-15 days.
At ischemic stroke the drug is administered in a dose varying from 10 to 50 mg.
Injections can be given in three ways:
IM and subcutaneous injections of the drug are quite painful and may be accompanied by a burning sensation. Intravenous injection may cause redness of the skin and a feeling of heat.
Such a reaction of the body is normal. On the contrary, the absence of redness may indicate the presence of certain problems with blood circulation.
Instructions for tablets
The tablets are taken after meals.
Prophylactic dose for adults it ranges from 12.5 to 25 mg per day, for children - from 5 to 25 mg per day.
At pellagra adult patients are prescribed to take 100 mg of nicotinic acid 2 to 4 times a day. Course duration is 2-3 weeks. Children are given the drug 12.5-50 mg two or three times a day.
For vascular lesions atherosclerotic origin patients are recommended to take 2 to 3 grams in 2-4 doses vitamin PP .
Starting dose at dyslipidemia - 50 mg per day in one dose. Subsequently, if the therapy does not provoke adverse reactions, the frequency of applications is increased to 2-3 times a day. The duration of the course is from one month. Intervals should be maintained between repeated courses.
In all other cases, the daily dose for adults is from 20 to 50, for children - from 12.5 to 25 mg. In some cases, the doctor may increase the daily dose to 100 mg for an adult patient. Depending on the indications, tablets are taken 2 or 3 times a day.
High doses of the drug can cause a rush of blood to the upper body and head, digestive disorders and itching.
In case of overdose, supportive treatment is indicated.
N. acid enhances the effect vasoactive drugs (in particular, ganglion blockers), which may be accompanied by seizures orthostatic hypotension .
Bile acid sequestrants (eg. colestipol or) reduce the bioavailability of acidic drugs, including n. acid, so the drug should be taken at least one hour before or no earlier than four hours after taking these medications.
When conducting an analysis to determine the level of glucose in urine, the drug may provoke a false-positive reaction with Benedict's reagent (copper sulfate solution).
N. acid has hyperglycemic potential and can significantly reduce the activity of acarbose, which can cause the development of decompensation.
Due to the ability of N. cause acids hyperglycemia , in patients for whom the drug is prescribed in combination with “+ saxagliptin ” or “metformin + sitagliptin ”, glycemic control parameters should be constantly monitored.
In patients taking nadroparin calcium, it is necessary to keep hemocoagulation parameters under control.
With simultaneous use of n. acids and combinations “+”, n. acids and n. acids and may increase the risk of developing myopathies . Combination n. acids with simvastatin can also provoke rhabdomyolysis .
Myopathy And rhabdomyolysis are also possible in case of using the combination “n. acid in lipid-lowering doses and + Ezetimibe ”.
Development risk myopathies also increases when lipid-lowering (exceeding 1 gram per day) doses are prescribed. acids in combination with . In this regard, treatment Rosuvastatin should start with 5 mg/day.
When used simultaneously with n. acid reduces the effect:
It is forbidden to mix n in one syringe. acid and
Despite the fact that the simultaneous use of n. acids with HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors can provoke myopathy , with the simultaneous administration of a drug with the bioavailability of the latter, as well as the bioavailability of n. acid does not change. However, this combination should be used with caution.
According to the recipe.
Recipe in Latin for injection form drug:
Nicotinic acid - ampoules
Rp: Sol. Acidi nicotinic 1% – 1 ml
D.t. d. N 20 in ampull.
S. 1 ml IM.
Recipe in Latin for the tablet form of the drug:
Rp: Tab. Acidi nicotinic 0.05 g
D.t. d. N 20 in tab.
S. 2 tablets 3 times a day after meals (with pellagra
).
Store at room temperature in a well-closed container, protected from sunlight. Keep away from children.
For the solution - 5 years. For tablets - 4 years.
What is vitamin PP?
Wikipedia answers the question “what is nicotinic acid” that it is powdery substance white, odorless and slightly sour in taste. The powder does not dissolve well in cold water, ethanol, ether and a little better - in hot water.
The gross formula of the substance is C₆H₅NO₂. It was first obtained in 1867 by the oxidation of nicotine with H2CrO4 (chromic acid).
The benefits and harms of vitamin B3
Clean vitamin B3 can strengthen so much that the human body acquires natural protection against Staphylococcus aureus and a number of other, no less serious, viruses.
Scientists are confident that very high doses can stop even HIV infection And bacterial infection, against which most existing drugs are powerless.
Besides, vitamin B3 has properties detoxifier .
The body of an adult male requires from 16 to 28 mg daily vitamin B3 , a woman’s body – from 14 to 20 mg.
The need for vitamin will increase with tense nervous and mental activity, increased physical activity, in people working in a hot shop, in hot climates and in the Far North, during pregnancy and during breastfeeding, in people whose diet vegetable proteins predominate in animals (including fasting people and people on a low-protein diet).
Nicotinic acid is necessary for the release of energy from fats and carbohydrates, as well as for normal course protein metabolism. It normalizes the functioning of the pancreas and stomach, and is also part of the enzymes that ensure cellular respiration.
The vitamin has a beneficial effect on the heart, blood vessels, nervous system, supports in healthy condition mucous membranes oral cavity and intestines, skin; takes part in ensuring normal vision, reduces high blood pressure and improves blood circulation.
A lack of this substance in the body is accompanied by apathy, lethargy, fatigue, headaches, dizziness, dry and pale skin, insomnia, irritability, decreased appetite and body weight, constipation, palpitations, and decreased resistance to infections.
If a person does not receive enough nicotinic acid, he develops a disease pellagra . The first signs of the disease are:
Excess vitamin in turn can cause skin rashes, skin itching and fainting.
Products containing vitamin B3
To warn hypovitaminosis RR , it is preferable to adjust the diet so that the diet contains vitamin B3 containing products.
Where is niacin found? In products greatest number vitamin B3 can be found in liver, egg yolk, yeast, nuts, fish, milk, chicken, green vegetables, meat, legumes, ground nuts, buckwheat and any other food containing α-amino acid tryptophan .
Heat treatment does not affect the amount of vitamin.
Why is nicotinic acid needed in cosmetology?
The rejuvenating effect of the drug is based on the ability of nicotinic acid to dilate blood vessels in the peripheral part of the circulatory system, increase the supply of oxygen to tissues, enhance the outflow and removal of aggressive waste and free radicals from skin cells.
As a result, the skin smoothes out, becomes more hydrated and acquires a beautiful and even color.
Nicotinic acid is also used for hair growth. One course usually requires at least 30 ampoules of solution.
After opening the ampoule, the solution is transferred with a syringe into a small container, after which it is distributed with your fingers (or a syringe without a needle) over the entire scalp: first at the temples and along the hairline, then along the partings. Typically, 1 ml of solution is sufficient for one procedure (this corresponds to the contents of 1 ampoule).
It is very important that your hair is clean, since a build-up of dust and grease will prevent the product from being absorbed into the scalp. Before using the drug, you should not use shampoos with silicones to wash your hair, as they will create a barrier for the drug to penetrate into the tissue.
Nicotinic acid is destroyed quite quickly in air, so the procedure should be performed as quickly as possible. An open ampoule cannot be stored.
Normal reactions to the drug are a slight burning sensation, a crawling sensation, redness and burning of the skin.
The appearance of hives, rashes, itching, and headaches indicate intolerance to nicotinic acid. Whenever specified symptoms It is necessary to wash your hair and refuse further use of the product.
Once the solution is completely applied, the procedure is considered complete. Repeat it daily for a month. There is no need to wash off the drug.
After completing the course, almost all girls note hair growth of 3 cm.
An injectable solution of nicotinic acid has also found use as a remedy for cellulite. Before the procedure, the contents of one ampoule are diluted in 3 ml of water. Then a wide bandage is moistened in the resulting solution and tightly - but not tightly! - wrap it around problem areas.
This method is most effective in getting rid of cellulite on the thighs and abdomen, since these are the areas of the body that are most convenient to bandage. But to eliminate cellulite on the buttocks, it is recommended to use other means.
The bandages are wrapped in cling film and a towel (for insulation). Instead of a towel, you can use a blanket or blanket.
The duration of the first procedure should not exceed 15 minutes. If the skin reacts well to the drug, and adverse reactions are absent, in the future the time may be increased.
Precautions
It should be borne in mind that nicotinic acid injections are painful.
During treatment, it is necessary to constantly monitor liver function, especially if the patient is prescribed high doses. vitamin B3 .
To prevent hepatotoxicity, it is recommended to introduce a sufficient amount of rich foods into the patient’s diet (milk, dairy products, buckwheat, legumes, fish) or prescribe him to take lipotropic drugs (including drugs methionine ).
Nicotinic acid, given its ability to irritate the mucous membranes, is used with caution when peptic ulcer (in remission) and hyperacid gastritis . If necessary, prescribe the drug in these cases taking large doses is contraindicated.
To reduce irritant effect on the mucous membrane of the digestive tract, it is recommended to take the tablets with milk.
Due to the potential for hepatotoxicity, high doses vitamin B3 also contraindicated for liver diseases (including hepatitis and ) and diabetes mellitus .
Use of the drug for correction dyslipidemia at diabetes mellitus inappropriate.
Synonyms: Nicotinic acid-Vial , Nicotinic acid-Bufus .
The drug helps eliminate heavy metals and toxic substances from the body, so it can be used both when drinking alcohol and to eliminate the consequences of alcohol poisoning.
Nicotinic acid stimulates the flow metabolic processes, and it is precisely this property that makes it advisable to use the drug for weight loss.
The effect develops not due to burning excess fat, but due to balancing the concentration cholesterol in the blood and detoxification of the body.
To achieve more pronounced results, taking the tablets should be combined with reasonable physical activity, balanced diet and drinking enough water. To speed up your metabolism as much as possible, it is best to take the tablets immediately after meals.
It should be remembered that people with high acidity of gastric juice are recommended to take the drug with warmed milk or mineral water.
During pregnancy and breastfeeding, taking high doses of the drug is contraindicated.
The drug is used for the prevention and treatment of vitamin PP (B3) deficiency, atherosclerosis, spasm of the cerebral, coronary and peripheral arteries, and neuropathy. High doses and long-term use disrupt liver function and metabolic processes. It is recommended to include cottage cheese in your diet when using Nicotinic acid.
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This medication has vitamin activity and is involved in the reactions of tissue respiration, the formation of proteins, fats and the breakdown of glycogen reserves in the liver and muscles. The presence of nicotinic acid in the blood accelerates the processes of oxidation and energy production. To the main medicinal properties include:
Nicotinic acid is called an antipellagric agent, since its deficiency results in a complex of “three D” symptoms: skin lesions (dermatitis), persistent diarrhea (diarrhea) and dementia (dementia).
When taking high doses of the drug, redness of the skin of the face and torso, dizziness, hot flashes, numbness in the extremities, hypersensitivity Nicotinic acid significantly reduces blood pressure, heart rhythm disturbances, nausea and vomiting, and persistent itching of the skin may occur. When examining patients who have been taking this for a long time medicine, discover:
One of side effects is accelerated hair growth when applied externally. It is used by cosmetologists to treat baldness.
Nicotinic acid is used to treat pellagra and is also prescribed with for preventive purposes for conditions that may be accompanied hypovitaminosis of vitamin PP:
During pregnancy and lactation, nicotinic acid is used with caution, but it can be prescribed to women during such periods with smoking, drug dependence, and multiple births. This drug is part of complex therapy, ischemia of the brain and lower extremities.
Nicotinic acid is indicated for polyneuropathy, vasospasm, biliary tract, ureters, neuritis of the facial nerve, gastritis with insufficient production hydrochloric acid, as well as for long-term non-scarring wounds and ulcers, alcohol and drug intoxication.
Under the influence of Nicotinic acid, the production of low-density lipoprotein complexes, which provoke the development of atherosclerosis, decreases. The antiatherogenic effect is also manifested by the normalization of total cholesterol (after a month), triglycerides (on the first day of administration). The level of high-density lipoproteins, which protect inner shell arteries from attachment.
A course of medication prevents the progression and blockage of arteries supplying internal organs.
This medicine is used to treat patients with heart disease also due to the following actions:
You should take the tablets strictly after meals. Many patients, when taken on an empty stomach, experience severe redness of the skin and hot flashes, abdominal pain and heartburn. The prophylactic dose is 25 - 50 mg, and for pellagra it is increased to 100 mg. The maximum daily dose is 500 mg.
For some patients suffering from atherosclerosis, the doctor may recommend a gradual increase in dosage - from 50 mg after dinner with the daily addition of 50 mg to 2 - 3 g of Nicotinic acid per day, provided that it is well tolerated. The drug is administered intravenously for ischemic stroke, 1 ml of 1% solution per day. Droppers with medicine are prescribed daily or every other day in an amount of 10 to 15.
Intramuscular and subcutaneous injections may cause severe pain, therefore they are most often not used, replacing Xanthinol with nicotinate.
There are a number of diseases for which this drug can be prescribed, but in small doses, short courses, under constant medical supervision, subject to laboratory monitoring of liver function. These include:
Large doses are prohibited for pregnant women and during breastfeeding. It should be taken into account that long-term treatment with nicotinic acid (atherosclerosis, pellagra) should be carried out against the background of including cottage cheese in the diet, prophylactic intake Methionine, Espa-lipon, Essentiale or their analogues to protect the liver from damage.
Nicotinic acid is used to improve metabolism, prevent the occurrence and progression of formation cholesterol plaques, especially if high cholesterol blood is combined with an increase in triglycerides. The drug dilates blood vessels, improves blood rheology and inhibits the formation of blood clots. Indicated for angina pectoris, spasms of the cerebral, coronary and peripheral arteries, as well as for patients who experience an increased need for vitamin PP.
Long-term use of high doses is accompanied by impaired liver function, therefore it is recommended to take hepatoprotectors and a diet with regular use cottage cheese.
Watch the video about the effect of nicotinic acid:
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It is well known that our body constantly needs vitamins. But not everyone knows that their uncontrolled use can be dangerous. Therefore, it is necessary to find out in advance about the properties of the vitamin used. Let's take a closer look at what the benefits and harms of nicotinic acid can be.
Nicotinic acid (niacin or vitamin B3), entering the human body, is converted into niacinamide, which is involved in the breakdown of fats, i.e. it turns food into energy. The body's need for vitamin B3 is usually 5-10 mg per day, and during pregnancy - 15 mg. If you don't take enough niacin, you may experience the following symptoms:
Consuming sufficient amounts of the vitamin has a positive effect on blood glucose levels. Also this good prevention diabetes You can take vitamin B3 in tablets, although it is better when it comes through food, with certain foods. What foods contain nicotinic acid?
Niacin is found in many foods, including grains, dairy products, fish, and meat. There are other products containing niacin:
The main source of niacin is peanuts. But, unfortunately, it can be infected with a fungus. Therefore, before eating groundnuts, they need to be disinfected and washed in water, and then lightly dried by frying in a frying pan.
Beneficial properties of nicotinic acid:
Harm of nicotinic acid
Oversaturation human body Niacin can cause muscle numbness, slight dizziness, and skin hyperemia. An excess of the substance can also cause fatty liver, stomach pain, and depression. Also, this vitamin is contraindicated in large quantities for people with peptic ulcer stomach. In addition, an excess of vitamin B3 can cause a number of side effects: - redness of the skin on the face
