There are drugs that must be in home medicine cabinet. One of them is Chlorhexidine.
This medicine can be used as disinfectant in almost all cases where protection against pathogenic microflora is necessary.
It successfully copes with gram-positive, gram-negative microbes, viruses and pathogenic fungi.
Chlorhexidine solution is an excellent treatment for skin prone to inflammation.
The drug is produced primarily in the form of aqueous solutions with a concentration of the active substance (chlorhexidine bigluconate) of 0.5%. The aqueous solution is poured into plastic or glass bottles.
In addition to the liquid form, the drug can be purchased in the form of a spray (alcohol solution) or vaginal suppositories. The active ingredient can be included in ointments, creams or gels. This is due to the fact that Chlorhexidine is widely used for disinfection. skin and combating inflammation in the dermis.
Chlorhexidine is described in the instructions for the drug as an antiseptic.
Depending on the concentration, unique medicinal substance can be an excellent bacteriostatic, fight against viral infection or exhibit bactericidal properties, in particular:
The active substance interacts with the membranes of fungi and bacteria and damages the cell walls of microorganisms. Thus, the bacteria die and inflammatory process stops its development.
When using Chlorhexidine to treat the skin, the molecules of the active component settle on the proteins of the upper layer of the epidermis and manifest their therapeutic effect over the course of one or two days.
Chlorhexidine is believed to exhibit excellent antiviral activity. It is used to treat diseases caused by herpes virus, influenza virus and cytomegalovirus.
Advantages of an antiseptic:
The scope of application of Chlorhexidine is extensive. It is used both for the treatment and prevention of ailments, and for the antiseptic treatment of tools and work surfaces. Almost every field of medicine uses Chlorhexidine solution for its own purposes.
Indications for use:
Chlorhexidine solution has virtually no contraindications. However, despite all the advantages of the drug, the antiseptic still has its drawbacks. It may not be suitable due to individual sensitivity to active substance or if your skin is extremely dry. In rare cases, an allergic reaction may occur. The drug is approved for use during pregnancy, lactation and for the treatment of children.
Cholerhexidine does not cause any unpleasant phenomena during use. However, with prolonged use of the drug, negative effects may occur: the skin may become dry and irritated, and it may feel itchy, tight or sticky. If the solution is used to treat diseases of the oral cavity, then a person may experience a taste disturbance, tartar deposits, and the tooth enamel acquires a grayish tint.
To eliminate acne and acne use an aqueous or alcoholic solution of Chlorhexidine. The alcohol solution is contained in sprays, which are very convenient to use for the treatment of acne and pimples. You just need to spray it on the affected area two or three times a day. The aqueous solution can be used in several ways.
How to use Chlorhexidine aqueous solution:
For a pronounced effect, the medication should be applied to problem areas of the skin twice, three times a day. The duration of treatment usually does not exceed two weeks. For purulent inflammatory phenomena, it is recommended that after treating acne with chlorhexidine, additionally lubricate these areas with Iruksol, salicylic ointment or Levomekol.
During treatment problem skin Chlorhexidine should take into account all the features of the drug. To do this, you should carefully read the instructions included with the medication on how to use Chlorhexidine in combination with other treatment methods. When treating with Chlorhexidine, you should not treat with drugs containing chlorides, sulfates, carbonates or phosphates. The drug should not be combined with soap or iodine.
Its effectiveness is also reduced by hard water. To enhance the effect of the solution, slightly warm the medicinal liquid. The solution cannot be heated too much, as it will spoil. The optimal temperature of the liquid at the time of use should be twenty-two degrees. The effect in treatment will become even more obvious if you combine local Chlorhexidine therapy with treatment antibacterial drugs, for example, Cephalosporin, Levomycetin, Neomycin. The effect of the antiseptic also increases when combined with alcohol.
Dermatologists and cosmetology specialists do not recommend squeezing pimples. However, not everyone manages to resist such action. To minimize the risks of spread of infection and secondary infection, Chlorhexidine should be used as an antiseptic.
The procedure is performed in stages:
Chlorhexidine can be called universal antiseptic solution. By changing its concentration, the drug can be easily adapted for different purposes - prevention, treatment or disinfection of skin and various objects.
Chlorhexidine will effectively protect against venereal diseases, if used no later than two hours after unprotected sexual intercourse. For men, two milliliters of chlorhexidine are injected into the urethra, and for women, ten milliliters are injected into the vagina. In this case, the external genitalia and skin nearby are necessarily worked out. intimate area- pubis, groin, inner side hips
Disinfection measures:
Cholerhexidine has a number of analogues, which contain the same active ingredient: Miramistin, Hexicon, Akhdez, Citeal, Katetzhel S, Amident, Manusan, Hibiscrub.
Price for Chlorhexidine drugs:
1 ml of the drug in the form of a 20% solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate contains:
Chlorhexidine digluconate – 0.2g;
Excipients.
The drug is effective against strains of the following microorganisms: Trichomonas vaginalis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamidia spp., Bacteroides fragilis, Treponema pallidum, Gardnerella vaginalis. In addition, chlorhexidine bigluconate is active against Ureaplasma spp. and is moderately active against some strains of Proteus spp. and Pseudomonas spp.
Viruses (except the herpes virus), as well as fungal spores, are resistant to the drug.
The drug is not absorbed into the systemic circulation when applied topically and does not have a systemic effect.
After treating the skin (including the skin of the hands), a certain amount of the drug remains on the skin, so chlorhexidine bigluconate has a long-lasting antibacterial effect and can be used to treat the surgical field and the surgeon’s hands.
The antimicrobial activity of the drug remains in the presence of pus, blood and other physiological fluids, however, it is worth noting that in this case its effectiveness is somewhat reduced.
Chlorhexidine bigluconate solution 0.05%, 0.1% and 0.2%:
Prevention infectious diseases after surgical interventions, including in dental and ENT practice. In dentistry, the drug is also used to treat removable dentures.
Treatment of the skin before and after surgery to prevent infection in urology, surgery, as well as obstetric and gynecological practice.
Disinfection of the skin and mucous membranes before medical and diagnostic procedures in gynecological practice.
The drug is also used to treat various skin diseases bacterial and fungal etiology, as well as purulent wounds, and lesions of the mucous membranes that are caused by microorganisms sensitive to the action of the drug (including stomatitis, periodontitis, gingivitis and aphthae).
In addition, the drug is used after unprotected sexual intercourse to prevent sexually transmitted diseases, including chlamydia, genital herpes, syphilis, trichomoniasis and gonorrhea. As well as treating damaged skin to prevent infection.
Chlorhexidine bigluconate solution 0.5%:
Used for processing medical instruments at a temperature of 70 degrees Celsius.
Treatment of infected wounds, burns and other injuries to the skin and mucous membranes.
Chlorhexidine bigluconate solution 1%:
It is used for treating medical instruments, devices and working surfaces of equipment that are not desirable to be disinfected by heat treatment.
Disinfection of the patient’s skin and surgeon’s hands before surgical intervention. Prevention of infection of burns and postoperative wounds.
Chlorhexidine bigluconate solution 5% and 20%:
Used to prepare solutions of various concentrations on a water, glycerin or alcohol basis.
In dental and ENT practice, for the prevention of postoperative infection, a 0.05% or 0.1% solution of chlorhexidine digluconate is usually prescribed 2-3 times a day in the form of rinses or irrigations.
For the treatment of wound and burn surfaces, as well as other damage to the skin, a 0.05%, 0.02% or 0.5% solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate is usually used. The drug is used in the form of irrigation or applications 2-3 times a day. Application time is usually from 1 to 3 minutes.
To disinfect the surgical field, use a 20% solution of chlorhexidine digluconate, previously diluted with 70% ethyl alcohol (for 1 part of a 20% solution of chlorhexidine digluconate, take 40 parts of 70% ethyl alcohol). The resulting solution is used to disinfect the surgical field twice; the surgical field is treated a second time 2 minutes after the first disinfection.
In urological practice, before performing diagnostic procedures(for example, cystoscopy) lavage is indicated bladder 0.02% solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate.
Preparation of solutions of a given concentration from a 20% solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate:
For preparation 1l 0.5% alcohol solution chlorhexidine digluconate, take 25 ml of a 20% solution of chlorhexidine digluconate and add 70% ethyl alcohol to the mark.
To prepare 1 liter of 0.5% solution of chlorhexidine digluconate, take 25 ml of 20% solution of chlorhexidine digluconate and add distilled water or water for injection (sterile water) to the mark.
To prepare 1 liter of 0.05% solution of chlorhexidine digluconate, take 2.5 ml of 20% solution of chlorhexidine digluconate and add distilled water or water for injection (sterile water) to the mark.
To prepare 1 liter of 0.02% solution of chlorhexidine digluconate, take 1 ml of 20% solution of chlorhexidine digluconate and add distilled water or water for injection (sterile water) to the mark.
To prepare 1 liter of 0.1% solution of chlorhexidine digluconate, take 5 ml of 20% solution of chlorhexidine digluconate and add distilled water or water for injection (sterile water) to the mark.
The preparation of solutions must take place under aseptic conditions. Sterilization of prepared aqueous solutions of the drug in an autoclave at a temperature of 116 degrees Celsius for 30 minutes is allowed.
Solutions prepared on the basis of hard water have a less pronounced bactericidal effect, which is explained by the formation of poorly soluble chlorhexidine salts. It is prohibited to sterilize the drug using ionizing radiation.
20% aqueous solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate; in bottles of 500 ml.
Treatment of the surgical field and the surgeon’s hands; sterilization of surgical instruments, treatment of wounds and burns, lavage of the bladder for cystitis.
Hypersensitivity.
Disinfection of the surgical field - 0.5% solution in 70% ethanol for 5 minutes; hand disinfection - 0.5% solution in 70% ethanol or 1% aqueous solution; antiseptics of wounds and burns - 0.5% aqueous solution; disinfection measures in gynecology and obstetrics - from 0.05 to 0.2% aqueous solution; cystoscopy, bladder lavage - 0.02% sterile aqueous solution; disinfection of the urethra during catheterization - 0.05% sterile solution in glycerin; disinfection of medical instruments - 0.5% solution in 70% ethanol for 5 minutes; sterilization of medical instruments - 0.5% aqueous solution at a temperature of 70 °C for 3 hours.
Keep out of the reach of children.
Do not use after the expiration date stated on the package.
Chlorhexidine bigluconate
Instructions for medical use- RU No. P N015600/01
Date last change: 16.04.2004
Concentrate for the preparation of solutions for local and external use.
Active substance:
Chlorhexidine bigluconate 20 g.
Excipients:
Water up to 100 ml.
Colorless or light yellow transparent liquid.
Antiseptic.
Antiseptic. Depending on the concentration used, it exhibits both bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects. The bacteriological effect of both aqueous and alcoholic working solutions) manifests itself in a concentration of 0.01% or less; bactericidal - in a concentration of more than 0.01% at a temperature of 22 ° C and exposure for 1 minute. Fungicidal effect - at a concentration of 0.05%, at a temperature of 22 ° C and exposure for 10 minutes. Virucidal effect - manifests itself at a concentration of 0.01-1%. Effective against pathogens of sexually transmitted infections - gardnerellosis, genital herpes; gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria - Treponema spp., Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Trichomonas spp., Chlamidia spp., Ureaplasma spp.
Does not affect acid-resistant forms of bacteria, microbial spores, fungi. Stable, after treatment of the skin (hands, surgical field) remains on it in a certain amount sufficient for manifestation bactericidal effect. Retains activity (albeit somewhat reduced) in the presence of blood, pus, various secretions and organic substances.
It extremely rarely causes allergic reactions, irritation of skin and tissues, and does not have a damaging effect on objects made of glass, plastic and metals.
Practically not absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. After accidental ingestion of 300 mg, Cmax is reached after 30 minutes and is 0.206 μg/l.
Mainly displayed from feces(90%), less than 1% is excreted by the kidneys.
As a preventive and remedy for various infections, for antiseptic treatment and disinfection.
0.05%, 0.1%, 0.2% aqueous solutions:
0.05% and 0.2% solutions:
0.2% solution:
0.5% solution:
1% solution:
5% concentrate:
Hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, dermatitis.
With caution:
Children's age (up to 18 years)
Chlorhexidine is used as a prophylactic and therapeutic agent externally and locally, as well as for disinfection.
0.05%, 0.02% and 0.5% aqueous solutions are used in the form of irrigation, rinsing and applications (5-10 ml are applied to the affected surface of the skin or mucous membranes):
For disinfection:
Treatment of medical instruments and working surfaces is carried out with a clean sponge moistened with an antiseptic solution, or by soaking. To quickly sterilize instruments, use the same 0.5% solution for 5 minutes.
A 0.1% aqueous solution of chlorhexidine can be used to disinfect premises, sanitary equipment, etc.
| Procedure | Dilution of the drug and type of solvent | Solution concentration containing chlorhexidine bigluconate | Special Requirements |
| Disinfection of hands and surgical field | 1:40 at 70% ethyl alcohol | 0,5 % | Treatment with the solution for at least 5 minutes. |
| Antiseptic treatment of wounds and burns | 1:40 in the water | 0,5 % | Use sterilized water. Sterilize the solution at a temperature of 115-116 °C for 30 minutes in an autoclave. |
| Antiseptics in gynecology and obstetrics | 1:400 | 0,05 % | Use sterilized water. The solution is sterilized at a temperature of 115-116 °C for 30 minutes in an autoclave. |
| Cystoscopy, bladder lavage | 1:1000 in water, or saline solution sodium chloride. | 0,02 % | Sterile solution. |
| Washing of the peritoneum, pleura (operational procedures) | 1:1000 in water | 0,02 % | Sterile solution |
| Antiseptics for urethral catheterization | 1:400 | 0,05 % | Combine aseptically with sterile glycerin. |
In rare cases, allergic reactions ( skin rash), dry skin, itching, dermatitis, sticky hands (for 3-5 minutes), photosensitivity. Changes in tooth color, tartar deposits and taste disturbances with long-term use for oral antiseptics.
In case of accidental ingestion, it is practically not absorbed (gastric lavage should be done using milk, raw egg, gelatin or mild soap). If necessary, symptomatic therapy is carried out.
Used in a neutral environment; at pH 5-8 the difference in activity is small; at pH more than 8, a precipitate forms. The use of hard water somewhat reduces the bactericidal properties.
Chlorhexidine bigluconate is a cationic substance and does not combine with soap and other anionic compounds such as colloids, gum arabic, carboxymethylcellulose.
At a concentration of 1:2000, it is incompatible with borates, carbonates, chlorides, citrates, phosphates, sulfates, creating poorly soluble sediments after 24 hours.
Compatible with drugs containing a cationic group (benzalkonium chloride, cetrimonium bromide).
Increases the sensitivity of bacteria to chloramphenicol, kanamycin, neomycin, cephalosporins.
Ethanol enhances the effectiveness of the drug.
Avoid getting the drug inside the wound in patients with open craniocerebral trauma, injuries spinal cord, perforation eardrum.
In case of contact with the mucous membranes of the eye, they should be quickly and thoroughly rinsed with water.
Do not mix chlorhexidine with other disinfectants and detergents. Contact of hypochlorite bleaches on fabrics that have previously been in contact with chlorhexidine-containing preparations may result in the appearance of brown spots. Do not expose clothing that has been in contact with chlorhexidine to hypochlorites and other compounds that release active chlorine.
Do not dilute with hard water. Aqueous solutions Can be sterilized in an autoclave at 116°C for 30 minutes. Do not sterilize using ionizing radiation.
Concentrate for the preparation of solutions for local and external use 20%, 500 ml in colored polypropylene bottles with a cap.
For pharmacies - 1 bottle with instructions in a cardboard box.
For hospitals - 16 bottles per box with instructions.
At temperatures from 1 °C to 25 °C. Protect from light.
Keep out of the reach of children.
Diluted solutions should be stored for no more than a week.
Do not use after expiration date.
Over the counter.
Chlorhexidine bigluconate - instructions for medical use - RU No. P N015600/01 dated 2004-04-16
| Category ICD-10 | Synonyms of diseases according to ICD-10 |
|---|---|
| N30 Cystitis | Exacerbation of chronic cystitis |
| Acute bacterial cystitis | |
| Recurrent cystitis | |
| Urethrocystitis | |
| Fibrous cystitis | |
| Cystopyelitis | |
| T14.1 Open wound unspecified body area | Secondary healing processes |
| Limp granulating wounds | |
| Slow healing wounds | |
| Slow-healing wounds | |
| Deep wounds | |
| Purulent wound | |
| Granulating wounds | |
| Long-term non-healing wound | |
| Long-term non-healing wound and ulcer | |
| Long-term non-healing soft tissue wound | |
| Wound healing | |
| Wound healing | |
| Capillary bleeding from superficial wounds | |
| Bleeding wound | |
| Radiation wounds | |
| Slowly epithelializing wounds | |
| Minor cuts | |
| Festering wounds | |
| Impaired wound healing processes | |
| Violation of skin integrity | |
| Violations of the integrity of the skin | |
| Violations of the integrity of the skin | |
| Small cuts | |
| Uninfected wounds | |
| Uncomplicated wounds | |
| Surgical wound | |
| Primary treatment of superficial contaminated wounds | |
| Primary treatment of wounds | |
| Primary delayed treatment of wounds | |
| Poorly scarring wound | |
| Poor wound healing | |
| Poorly healing wound | |
| Superficial wound | |
| Superficial wound with slight exudation | |
| Wound | |
| Large wound | |
| Bite wound | |
| Wound process | |
| Wounds | |
| Slow-healing wounds | |
| Stump wounds | |
| Gunshot wounds | |
| Wounds with deep cavities | |
| Difficult-to-heal wounds | |
| Hard-to-heal wounds | |
| Chronic wounds |
Chlorhexidine bigluconate
An aqueous solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate is a local antiseptic with a predominantly bactericidal effect. Chlorhexidine bigluconate is close in chemical structure to bigumal and is a dichlorine-containing biguanide derivative. The mechanism of action is based on its ability to change the properties of the cell membrane of a microorganism. After the dissociation of chlorhexidine salts, the resulting cations react with the bacterial membranes, which have a negative charge. In this case, the lipophilic groups of the drug contribute to the disaggregation of the lipoprotein membrane of bacteria, as a result of which the osmotic balance is disturbed and the loss of potassium and phosphorus from the bacterial cell occurs. Under the influence of the drug, the cytoplasmic membrane of the bacterium is destroyed and its osmotic balance is disrupted, resulting in the death of the bacterium.
The drug is effective against strains of the following microorganisms: Trichomonas vaginalis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamidia spp., Bacteroides fragilis, Treponema pallidum, Gardnerella vaginalis. In addition, chlorhexidine bigluconate is active against Ureaplasma spp. and is moderately active against some strains of Proteus spp. and Pseudomonas spp.
Viruses (except the herpes virus), as well as fungal spores, are resistant to the drug.
The drug is not absorbed into the systemic circulation when applied topically and does not have a systemic effect.
After treating the skin (including the skin of the hands), a certain amount of the drug remains on the skin, so chlorhexidine bigluconate has a long-lasting antibacterial effect and can be used to treat the surgical field and the surgeon’s hands.
The antimicrobial activity of the drug remains in the presence of pus, blood and other physiological fluids, however, it is worth noting that in this case its effectiveness is somewhat reduced.
The drug is used for the treatment and prevention of various diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to the action of chlorhexidine. Indications for use of the drug depend on its initial concentration.
Prevention of infectious diseases after surgical interventions, including in dental and ENT practice. In dentistry, the drug is also used to treat removable dentures.
Treatment of the skin before and after surgery to prevent infection in urology, surgery, as well as obstetric and gynecological practice.
Disinfection of the skin and mucous membranes before medical and diagnostic procedures in gynecological practice.
The drug is also used to treat various skin diseases of bacterial and fungal etiology, as well as purulent wounds and lesions of the mucous membranes that are caused by microorganisms sensitive to the action of the drug (including stomatitis, periodontitis, gingivitis and aphthae).
In addition, the drug is used after unprotected sexual intercourse to prevent sexually transmitted diseases, including chlamydia, genital herpes, syphilis, trichomoniasis and gonorrhea. As well as treating damaged skin to prevent infection.
Used for processing medical instruments at a temperature of 70 °C.
Treatment of infected wounds, burns and other injuries to the skin and mucous membranes.
It is used for treating medical instruments, devices and working surfaces of equipment that are not desirable to be disinfected by heat treatment.
Disinfection of the patient's skin and surgeon's hands before surgery. Prevention of infection of burns and postoperative wounds.
Used to prepare solutions of various concentrations on a water, glycerin or alcohol basis.
Chlorhexidine bigluconate is used for the local treatment of infectious diseases.
To prevent sexually transmitted diseases, it is recommended to use a 0.05% solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate no more than 2 hours after unprotected sexual intercourse. Men are advised to administer 2-3 ml of the drug into the urinary canal, women 1-2 ml into the urinary canal and 5-10 ml into the vagina. In addition, it is recommended to treat the skin areas on the pubic area, genitals and inner thighs with the solution. Urination is allowed 2 hours after using the drug, otherwise the effectiveness of chlorhexidine bigluconate is reduced.
Patients suffering from inflammation of the urinary tract (including urethritis and urethroprostatitis) are advised to administer 2-3 ml of a 0.05% solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate into the urinary canal 1-2 times a day. It is recommended to use the drug every other day. The duration of treatment is 10 days.
In dental and ENT practice, for the prevention of postoperative infection, a 0.05% or 0.1% solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate is usually prescribed 2-3 times a day in the form of rinses or irrigations.
For the treatment of wound and burn surfaces, as well as other damage to the skin, a 0.05%, 0.02% or 0.5% solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate is usually used. The drug is used in the form of irrigation or application 2-3 times a day. Application time is usually from 1 to 3 minutes.
To disinfect the surgical field, use a 20% solution of chlorhexidine digluconate, previously diluted with 70% ethyl alcohol (for 1 part of a 20% solution of chlorhexidine digluconate, take 40 parts of 70% ethyl alcohol). The resulting solution is used to disinfect the surgical field twice; the surgical field is treated a second time 2 minutes after the first disinfection.
In urological practice, before performing diagnostic procedures (for example, cystoscopy), flushing the bladder with a 0.02% solution of chlorhexidine digluconate is recommended.
To prepare 1 liter of a 0.5% alcohol solution of chlorhexidine digluconate, take 25 ml of a 20% solution of chlorhexidine digluconate and add 70% ethyl alcohol to the mark.
To prepare 1 liter of 0.5% solution of chlorhexidine digluconate, take 25 ml of 20% solution of chlorhexidine digluconate and add distilled water or water for injection (sterile water) to the mark.
To prepare 1 liter of 0.05% solution of chlorhexidine digluconate, take 2.5 ml of 20% solution of chlorhexidine digluconate and add distilled water or water for injection (sterile water) to the mark.
To prepare 1 liter of 0.02% solution of chlorhexidine digluconate, take 1 ml of 20% solution of chlorhexidine digluconate and add distilled water or water for injection (sterile water) to the mark.
To prepare 1 liter of 0.1% solution of chlorhexidine digluconate, take 5 ml of 20% solution of chlorhexidine digluconate and add distilled water or water for injection (sterile water) to the mark.
The preparation of solutions must take place under aseptic conditions. Sterilization of ready-made aqueous solutions of the drug in an autoclave at a temperature of 116 °C for 30 minutes is allowed.
Solutions prepared on the basis of hard water have a less pronounced bactericidal effect, which is explained by the formation of slightly soluble chlorhexidine salts. It is prohibited to sterilize the drug using ionizing radiation.
When using the drug, some patients experienced the development of such side effects as dry skin, itching, rash, photosensitivity, and dermatitis.
With long-term use of the drug in the form of rinses and irrigations of the oral cavity, patients noted a change in the color of the teeth, the formation of tartar and a change in taste sensations.
Increased individual sensitivity to the components of the drug.
The drug is contraindicated for use in patients suffering from dermatitis.
The drug is used with caution in pediatrics.
The drug is not used in ophthalmology.
The drug is not used simultaneously with other antiseptic solutions.
When the drug was used topically in women during pregnancy and lactation, there was no effect of chlorhexidine on the health of the child. However, long-term use of the drug during pregnancy and lactation is not recommended.
When the pH of the medium is more than 8, sedimentation occurs. Using hard water to prepare chlorhexidine solutions reduces its bactericidal properties.
The drug is not used in combination with anionic compounds, including soap.
The drug is not compatible with carbonates, chlorides, phosphates, borates, sulfates and citrates.
Chlorhexidine bigluconate increases the sensitivity of microorganisms to the action of kanamycin, neomycin, cephalosporin and chloramphenicol.
Ethyl alcohol enhances the bactericidal effect of chlorhexidine.
When using the drug according to the instructions, an overdose is impossible.
In case of accidental ingestion of the drug, gastric lavage using milk, mild soap, gelatin or raw egg is indicated.
There is no specific antidote; in case of side effects, symptomatic therapy is carried out.
Solution 0.05% for external use, 100 ml in bottles made of polymer material with a nozzle, 1 bottle in a cardboard package.
Solution 0.05% for external use, 100 ml in glass bottles, 1 bottle in a cardboard package.
Solution 20%, 100 ml in bottles made of polymer material, 1 bottle in a cardboard package.
Solution 20%, 500 ml in bottles made of polymer material with a cap, 1 bottle in a cardboard package.
Solution 20%, 500 ml in bottles made of polymer material with a cap, 16 bottles per box.
The shelf life of the drug in the form of a 0.05% solution is 2 years.
The shelf life of the drug in the form of a 20% solution is 3 years.
The shelf life of the prepared solutions is 1 week.
1 ml of the drug in the form of a 0.05% solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate contains:
Chlorhexidine bigluconate – 0.5 mg,
Excipients.
1 ml of the drug in the form of a 20% solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate contains:
Chlorhexidine bigluconate – 0.2g,
Excipients.
Hepilor (Happylor) Pantestin (Panthestin) Medasept (Medasept) AHD 2000 (AHD 2000) Etonium (Etonium)
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Thank you very much!INSTRUCTIONS
ON THE MEDICAL USE OF THE DRUG
Trade name:
CHLORHEXIDINE BIGLUCONATE
(CHLORHEXIDINE BIGLUCONATE)
International generic name(INN):
CHLORHEXIDINE
Dosage form:
solution 20%
Compound
Active substance:
Chlorhexidine bigluconate 20 g
Excipients:
Water up to 100 ml
Description
Colorless or light yellow transparent liquid
Pharmacotherapeutic group
Antiseptic and disinfectant.
ATX code: D08AC02
Pharmacological action
Pharmacodynamics
Antiseptic and disinfectant. Depending on the concentration used, it exhibits both bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects. The bacteriological effect of both aqueous and alcoholic working solutions) manifests itself in a concentration of 0.01% or less; bactericidal - in a concentration of more than 0.01% at a temperature of 22°C and exposure for 1 minute. Fungicidal effect - at a concentration of 0.05%, at a temperature of 22°C and exposure for 10 minutes. Virucidal effect - manifests itself at a concentration of 0.01-1%.
Effective against pathogens of sexually transmitted infections - gardnerella, genital herpes; gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria - Treponema spp., Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Trichomonas spp., Chlamidia spp., Ureaplasma spp.
Does not affect acid-resistant forms of bacteria, microbial spores, fungi.
It is stable, after treatment of the skin (hands, surgical field) it remains on it in a certain amount sufficient to exhibit a bactericidal effect. Retains activity (albeit somewhat reduced) in the presence of blood, pus, various secretions and organic substances.
It extremely rarely causes allergic reactions, irritation of skin and tissues, and does not have a damaging effect on objects made of glass, plastic and metals.
Pharmacokinetics
Practically not absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. After accidental ingestion of 300 mg, Cmax is reached after 30 minutes and is 0.206 µg/l.
It is excreted mainly in feces (90%), less than 1% is excreted by the kidneys.
Indications for use
As a preventive and therapeutic agent for various infections, for antiseptic treatment and disinfection.
-0.05%, 0.1%, 0.2% aqueous solutions:
-0.05% and 0.2% solutions:
-0.2% solution:
-0.5% solution:
-1% solution:
-5% concentrate:
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, dermatitis.
With caution - childhood(up to 18 years old)
Directions for use and doses
Chlorhexidine is used as a prophylactic and therapeutic agent externally and locally, as well as for disinfection.
0.05%, 0.02% and 0.5% aqueous solutions are used in the form of irrigation, rinsing and applications (5-10 ml are applied to the affected surface of the skin or mucous membranes):
A diluted 0.05% solution is injected into the urethra for men (2-3 ml), women (1-2 ml) and into the vagina (5-10 ml) for 2-3 minutes. It is also necessary to treat the skin of the inner thighs, pubis, and genitals. After the procedure, do not urinate for 2 hours.
For disinfection:
Treatment of medical instruments and working surfaces is carried out with a clean sponge moistened with an antiseptic solution, or by soaking. To quickly sterilize instruments, use the same 0.5% solution for 5 minutes.
A 0.1% aqueous solution of chlorhexidine can also be used to disinfect premises, sanitary equipment, etc.
|
Procedure |
Dilution of the drug and type of solvent |
Concentration of solution containing chlorhexidine bigluconate |
Special Requirements |
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Disinfection of hands and operating areas |
1:40 in 70% ethyl alcohol |
Treatment with the solution for at least 5 minutes. |
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Antiseptic treatment of wounds and burns |
1:40 in the water |
Use sterilized water. Sterilize the solution at a temperature of 115-116 ° C for 30 minutes in an autoclave. |
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Antiseptics in gynecology and obstetrics |
Use sterilized water. The solution is sterilized at a temperature of 115-116°C for 30 minutes in an autoclave. |
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Cystoscopy, bladder lavage |
1:1000 in water or saline sodium chloride solution. |
Sterile solution. |
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Washing of the peritoneum, pleura (operational procedures) |
1:1000 in water |
Sterile solution |
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Antiseptics for urethral catheterization |
Combine aseptically with sterile glycerin. |
Overdose
In case of accidental ingestion, it is practically not absorbed (gastric lavage should be done using milk, raw egg, gelatin or mild soap). If necessary, symptomatic therapy is carried out.
Side effect
In rare cases, it may appear allergic reactions(skin rash), dry skin, itching, dermatitis, sticky hands (for 3-5 minutes), photosensitivity.
Discoloration of teeth, tartar deposits and taste disturbances with long-term use for oral antiseptics.
Interaction with other drugs
Used in a neutral environment; at pH 5-8 the difference in activity is small; at pH more than 8, a precipitate forms. The use of hard water somewhat reduces the bactericidal properties.
Chlorhexidine bigluconate is a cationic substance and does not combine with soap and other anionic compounds such as colloids, gum arabic, carboxymethylcellulose.
At a concentration of 1:2000, it is incompatible with borates, carbonates, chlorides, citrates, phosphates, sulfates, creating poorly soluble sediments after 24 hours.
Compatible with drugs containing a cationic group (benzalkonium chloride, centrimonium bromide).
Increases the sensitivity of bacteria to chloramphenicol, kanamycin, neomycin, cephalosporins.
Ethanol enhances the effectiveness of the drug.
Special instructions
In patients with open traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injuries, or perforation of the eardrum, contact of the drug with the surface of the brain should be avoided. meninges and into the tympanic cavity.
In case of contact with the mucous membranes of the eye, they should be quickly and thoroughly rinsed with water.
Do not mix chlorhexidine with other disinfectants and detergents. Contact with hypochlorine bleaches on fabrics that have previously been in contact with chlorhexidine-containing products may cause brown stains.
Do not expose clothing that has been in contact with chlorhexidine to hypochlorites and other compounds that release active chlorine.
Do not dilute with hard water. Aqueous solutions can be sterilized in an autoclave at 116°C for 30 minutes. Do not sterilize using ionizing radiation.
Release form
Solution 20%.
500 ml bottles made of dyed polypropylene with a cap.
For pharmacies - 1 bottle with instructions in a cardboard box.
For hospitals - 16 bottles per box with instructions.
Storage conditions:
At temperatures from 1°C to 25°C.
Protect from light.
Keep out of the reach of children.
Best before date
3 years.
Diluted solutions should be stored for no more than a week.
Do not use after expiration date.
Vacation conditions
Over the counter.
Manufacturer:
