Manufacturer: YuzhPharm LLC Russia
ATS code: D08AC02
Farm group:
Release form: Liquid dosage forms. Solution for external use.
Active ingredient: 0.05% chlorhexidine bigluconate.
Excipient: purified water.
Pharmacodynamics. The product is bactericidal against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria (including pathogens), tuberculocidal, virucidal (acute respiratory viral infections, herpes, hepatitis of all types, including hepatitis A, B and C, adenovirus, etc.) and fungicidal (against fungi of the genera Candida and Trichophyton) action.
According to the parameters of acute toxicity, “Chlorhexidine bigluconate 0.05% - YuzhPharm” belongs to class 4. hazardous substances according to GOST 12.1.007-76 when applied to the skin, introduced into the stomach and inhaled. According to the classification of Sidorov K.K. when administered parenterally, the drug belongs to class 5 of practically non-toxic compounds. Skin-resorptive and sensitizing properties in the recommended modes of use of the product have not been identified.
The product has a moderate irritating effect on the mucous membranes of the eyes. The maximum permissible concentration in the air of the working area of chlorhexidine bigluconate is 1 mg/m3.
The product can be used to treat the skin of children from birth.
The product "Chlorhexidine bigluconate 0.05% - YuzhPharm" is intended for use in medical institutions:
For hand hygiene medical personnel, including ambulance personnel;
Important! Get to know the treatment
Hygienic treatment of hands: 3 ml of the product is applied to the hands and rubbed into the skin until dry for 30 seconds.
Treatment of the injection field, incl. at the site of vaccination: the skin is wiped with a sterile cotton swab or irrigated until completely moisturized, followed by holding for 30 seconds.
Preventive treatment of the feet, sanitary treatment of the skin: with a copiously moistened cotton swab, carefully treat each foot or area of skin with different cotton swabs or irrigate with the product until the skin is completely moisturized, holding time for at least 30 seconds.
Processing of gloves worn by personnel: outer surface The gloves are thoroughly wiped with a sterile swab, generously moistened with the product. Processing time - at least 1 minute. Exposure - until the surface of the gloves is completely dry.
Small instruments of a simple configuration: (in healthcare facilities, beauty salons, hairdressers, manicure and pedicure rooms, etc.) must be completely immersed in the product immediately after its use. The thickness of the product layer above the products must be at least 1 cm. After the disinfection period of 5 minutes is completed, the products are removed from the container and washed with running water. drinking water at least 1 minute.
As a prophylactic agent in the form of irrigation, rinsing and application - 5-10 ml of solution is applied to the surface of the skin or mucous membranes with an exposure of 1-3 minutes 2-3 times a day (on a tampon or by irrigation).
Use for external use only. Do not use the product after the expiration date. If the product accidentally enters the stomach, it is recommended to drink several glasses of water with the addition of an adsorbent (for example, 10-15 crushed tablets activated carbon per glass of water). Do not induce vomiting! If necessary, seek medical help.
Skin-resorptive and sensitizing properties in the recommended modes of use of the product have not been identified. The product has a moderate irritant effect on the mucous membranes of the eyes.
Store in tightly closed manufacturer's packaging at temperatures from 0 ºС to +30 °С; away from sources of heat and fire; avoid storing directly sunlight. No smoking! Store separately from medications, out of the reach of children. Transportation by any means of transport is allowed in accordance with the rules for the carriage of goods in force for this type of transport, at temperatures from 0 ° C to +30 ° C. The product's shelf life is 2 years in unopened manufacturer's packaging.
Over the counter
The product is packaged in 25 ml, 50 ml, 100 ml in orange glass bottles. 25 ml, 50 ml, 100 ml, 200 ml, 500 ml, 1000 ml in polyethylene bottles high pressure with a polymer nozzle, or with a special nozzle with a screw-on cap, or equipped with a spray pump and a protective cap made of polyethylene. 5 l each; 10 l; 20 l in polyethylene canisters low pressure(for hospital).
Latin name: Chlorhexidini bigluconas
ATX code: D08AC02
Active ingredient: Chlorhexidine bigluconate
Manufacturer: Ali-San, Russia
Conditions for dispensing from a pharmacy: Over the counter
Chlorhexidine bigluconate is successfully used as an antiseptic and disinfectant. The drug has stable properties. After use it remains active and long time provides a bactericidal effect. This is one of the most common and safe means. The solution is able to stop the activity of many gramplus and gramminus pathogens. Approved for use during pregnancy, can treat wounds for children, use in gynecology, dentistry for rinsing the mouth and throat, and venereological practice.
Chlorhexidine bigluconate is intended for therapeutic measures in the fight against pathologies caused by pathogens susceptible to its action:
Solution 0.1% (0.05 and 0.2)
Chlorhexidine bigluconate solution 0.5%
Chlorhexidine bigluconate solution 1%
There is also a solution with a concentration of 5 and 20% for preparing a composition using alcohol, glycerin or water.
Chlorhexidine bigluconate 0.05% 1 ml contains 0.5 mg similar substance. A mixture of 0.25 ml 20% corresponds to 0.2 g of the main component. Auxiliary elements – purified water up to 100 ml.
The drug is a dichlorobiguanide derivative. The principle of operation is to penetrate the phosphate compounds of cell membranes. As a result of solvent transfer across the membrane, osmotic pressure occurs. Due to high permeability, strains lose their core integrity and undergo lysis. Bacteria are deprived of potassium and phosphorus, lipoproteins are disaggregated, and cytoplasm is destroyed. Thanks to the influence of chlorhexidine, the pathogen dies, unable to continue life cycle. The drug is active against the following pathogens:
Some types of fungi and viruses show resistance to the composition. When used externally, the drug is not able to be absorbed into the blood or undergo absorption, therefore it does not affect the body systemically. Antimicrobial functions are maintained in the presence of exudate, secretions and blood, but the effectiveness is slightly reduced.
Cleanses the skin well without causing damage or burns.
The medicine goes on sale as a solution in glass (5 and 20%) or polymer bottles (0.05; 0.1; 0.2; 0.5%), with a capacity of 100 ml. Clear liquid has a pronounced bitter-salty taste. Upper part The plastic bottle is made in the form of a removable cap with a dispenser. The lid is screwed on top. Sometimes when rinsing your mouth, the tip flies off, so as not to get hurt, it’s better to hold it with your finger. The bottle is light, with barely noticeable pink or blue tint, can be round or square, slightly flattened. The pack is cardboard, white, contains 1 can and instructions.
Brown glass bottles are designed for clinics and are available with an aluminum crimp cap and rubber stopper. The lid is equipped with a dotted line for easy uncorking. The corrugated packaging contains 20 units and instructions.
Solution 0.5% 100 ml – 10 rub.
0.1% 100 ml – 15 rub.
0.2% 100 ml – 20 rub.
0.5% 100 ml – 25 rub.
5% 100 ml No. 20 – 300 rub.
20% 100 ml No. 20 – 500 rub.
For prophylactic purposes, an aqueous solution of Chlorhexidine bigluconate 0.05% is injected into the cavity of the urethral or genital canal in an amount of 2-3 ml for men and 1-2 ml for women. Application is carried out within 2 hours after coitus. It is also necessary to lubricate the skin with liquid. It is not recommended to visit the toilet for 120 minutes, otherwise the effectiveness of use will be significantly reduced.
For the treatment of throat and dental pathologies, rinsing with a 0.05% or 0.1% composition is prescribed. You need to take the liquid into your mouth, hold it for about half a minute, then spit it out. Despite the rather bitter taste, it is better not to drink it. For children, you can dilute with a small amount of rosehip syrup.
In case of severe sore throat, the throat is lubricated using a special glass stick with turunda.
To treat wounds, abrasions, scratches, burns, cuts, a cotton swab is moistened in the composition and applied to the surface. Applications of 0.1 or 0.5% for 3 minutes are also allowed.
To disinfect the area prepared for surgery, a 20% drug diluted with 70% ethyl alcohol in a ratio of 1 to 40 is required. The areas are treated twice with an interval of 2 minutes.
Before diagnostic procedures in urology, rinsing with a 0.02% solution is indicated.
When treating infections associated with pathologies of the urogenital system, 2-3 ml of 0.05% is injected into the canal cavity twice a day, every other day. The total treatment time takes from 10 to 14 days.
Chlorhexidine disinfects well during hair removal. To avoid infection in the irritated area, it is necessary to apply the drug 5 minutes before the procedure and 10 minutes after it.
Preparation of the solution
To obtain 1 liter of 0.5% solution for the treatment of surfaces and devices in medical offices for disinfection of doctor's hands, as well as for medical procedures The following schemes are used:
To prepare the drug, sterile conditions are required. Processing in an autoclave at a temperature of 1100C for half an hour is allowed. When using hard water, chlorhexidine releases salts, which significantly reduces its properties. It is strictly forbidden to use devices with ion radiation.
If susceptibility to the main substance is detected, use is prohibited due to allergic reactions. Also, the drug is not prescribed in the following cases:
When diluted with hard water, the bactericidal functions are reduced and salt deposits may form.
The product is not compatible with elements of the anionic group, chloride, phosphate, sulfate, formations.
The medicine reduces the resistance of strains to antibiotics several times.
Interaction with ethyl alcohol helps to increase efficiency.
The use of other antiseptics does not work.
During treatment, in some cases, itching and burning occurs. The discomfort goes away quickly, so therapy can be continued. If dry mucous membranes appear, when rinsing the throat and mouth, the tone of the teeth changes and stone forms, it is better to additionally consult a doctor.
When used externally, excess is not dangerous. If liquid accidentally gets into digestive system, you can drink milk and raw eggs to reduce intoxication.
The composition of 0.05% is usable for 3 years, 20% for 12 months. Once opened, the liquid can be kept for no more than a week. Store in a dark place away from children.
Pliva Hrvatska, Croatia
Price: bottle 5% 1l – 130-150 rub.
An antiseptic intended to dissolve membrane compounds of gram-positive and negative strains. Depending on the concentration of the prepared solution, it provides a bactericidal or bacteriostatic effect. Maintains stability for a long time after application. Does not provide negative impact on the epidermis, does not cause allergies.
The composition can be made using sterile water or alcohol. The temperature must be maintained within 220C.
Prescribed for throat diseases, for rinsing the mouth, for therapeutic purposes in venereological practice and gynecology. It is a prophylactic agent in the process of protection against genital infections. Helps well against diaper rash and disinfecting skin lesions. Used before surgical and diagnostic procedures. It is prohibited to use in concentrated form (except for the treatment of instruments, hands and surfaces in the medical field).
Available in polypropylene bottles. Depending on additional components different blue or pink tint. It has a bitter taste and no odor. The pack is cardboard, white, with pictures of flowers, contains 1 bottle and instructions.
Advantages:
Flaws:
Schulke & Mayer, Germany
Price: solution 50 ml – 550-600 rub.
250 ml – 900-950 rub.
Spray 50 ml – 450-500 rub.
The drug does not contain chlorhexidine, but the active component octenidine hydrochloride has similar properties. Due to its hydrophobic effect on the cytoplasm, it destroys the membranes of pathogenic pathogens. The spectrum of activity covers most of the anaerobic and aerobic strains. At long-term use resistance does not develop. The product is non-toxic and cannot damage tissue when used externally.
Prescribed for the treatment of infections of the oral cavity, urethral and genital pathologies caused by susceptible bacteria. Helps well with sore throats, suitable for gargling. Disinfects infected wounds, cuts and burns. The method of application depends on the severity of the pathology.
Available as a clear solution in plastic bottles, has a weak specific smell and taste. The white cardboard box with bright pink stains includes 1 bottle, instructions, applicators and sprayer.
The second option is a spray with a dispenser and a transparent propylene cap. Convenient to use when treating the mouth and irrigating the throat. Can also be used to disinfect hands with minor damage to the skin.
Advantages:
Flaws:
The composition of the drug 0.05% solution Chlorhexidine Bigluconate includes 0.5 mg chlorhexidine bigluconate , additional substances.
The composition of the drug 20% solution Chlorhexidine Bigluconate includes 0.2 g of active substance, additional substances.
INN: Chlorhexidine
The form of release of the product is as follows. The drug is available in the form of a 0.05% solution for external use. In a polymer bottle with a nozzle, as well as in glass bottles of 100 ml, 1 bottle in a cardboard package.
A 20% solution of the drug is sold in polymer bottles with a cap, 100 ml, 500 ml.
Candles and gel are also produced (it includes lidocaine ), cream, ointment, spray with a similar active ingredient.
An aqueous solution of Chlorhexidine Bigluconate has a local antiseptic effect, predominantly bactericidal. The product is a dichlorine derivative biguanide . It affects the body by changing the properties of the cell membrane of microorganisms. The cations that are formed due to the dissociation of chlorhexidine salts react with the bacterial membranes, which have a negative charge. The effect of the drug promotes the destruction of the cytoplasmic membrane of the bacterium. Its balance is disrupted, and the bacterium eventually dies.
Chlorhexidine Bigluconate solution 0.05%, gluconate 20% effectively destroys a number of strains of microorganisms. This Neisseria gonorrhoeae , Trichomonas vaginalis , Bacteroides fragilis , Chlamydia spp. ., Gardnerella vaginalis , Treponema pallidum . The drug is also active against Ureaplasma spp. ., and also has a moderate active effect in relation to individual strains Proteus spp. And Pseudomonas spp. .
Viruses (with the exception of viruses) and fungal spores demonstrate resistance to the drug.
If a rinse with Chlorhexidinum is used to wash hands, or the skin is treated with the drug, Chlorhexidine Bigluconate has a long-term antibacterial effect. Therefore, the drug can be used to treat the surgeon’s hands and the surgical field.
The product retains its antimicrobial activity in the presence of pus, blood, etc., but a decrease in its effectiveness is noted.
When applied topically, Chlorhexidine is not absorbed into the bloodstream and has no systemic effect.
What the antiseptic is used for can be found in the detailed instructions for the drug. It is widely used to treat diseases that are caused by microorganisms sensitive to the influence of Chlorhexidine, and for their prevention.
The medicine is used to treat certain diseases depending on the concentration of the solution.
A solution of 0.05%, 0.1% and 0.2% is widely used to prevent infectious diseases after surgical interventions. The use of such solutions in dentistry is practiced in order to process dentures. How to use Chlorhexidine in dentistry is determined by dentists during various procedures, and is also used for stomatitis , periodontitis for rinsing gums.
Skin treatment is practiced in urology (if penetration into the urethra is necessary, etc.), surgery, gynecology before surgical intervention and after it to prevent infection. The use of the product in gynecology is practiced for the purpose of disinfecting mucous membranes and skin before performing a series of manipulations. How to use the solution depends on the type of procedure or manipulation.
In gynecology, Chlorhexidine is also used for thrush. To get rid of thrush, a woman is recommended to douche according to a special scheme.
Chlorhexidine is used in the treatment of many dermatological diseases, having both bacterial and fungal origin. The use of the product is also indicated if there is purulent wounds, diseases of the mucous membranes caused by microorganisms sensitive to the active substance of the drug.
What Chlorhexidine is is known to those who have been seriously injured. The product is often used to treat wounds and damaged skin to prevent infection. What it is, and whether it is worth using the product in a particular case, is determined by the doctor.
Chlorhexidine Bigluconate solution is used to prevent sexually transmitted diseases -,.
Chlorhexidine Bigluconate solution 0.5% used to treat damage to mucous membranes and skin, as well as for the treatment of medical instruments (the solution temperature should be 70 degrees Celsius).
Chlorhexidine Bigluconate solution 1% used to prevent infection of burns and wounds, for disinfection before operations, as well as for treating instruments and devices that cannot be subjected to heat treatment.
Chlorhexidine Bigluconate solution 5% and 20% used in the preparation of solutions based on water, glycerin or alcohol.
Marked the following contraindications to use this tool:
When using Chlorhexidine Bigluconate during treatment, the following side effects were observed in some patients:
With prolonged use, the means for rinsing and irrigating the mouth may change taste sensations, appears , there is a change in the color of the teeth.
The instructions for Chlorhexidine stipulate that aqueous and alcohol solution Chlorhexidine is used for local treatment infectious diseases.
Instructions for use Chlorhexidine Bigluconate for prevention venereal diseases next. A 0.05% solution is used no more than two hours after unprotected sexual intercourse. For men, 2-3 ml of the product is injected into urinary canal, for women, 1-2 ml is injected into the urinary canal and another 5-10 ml into the vagina (like douching in gynecology). It is also advisable to treat the skin near the genitals with the solution. The instructions on how to use the drug in this case include a warning that urination should be done no earlier than 2 hours after using the drug. Otherwise, the effectiveness of the action decreases.
For prevention in in this case suppositories with Chlorhexidine Bigluconate can also be used.
How to do douching with Chlorhexidine for and others gynecological diseases, and whether it is possible to douche when certain symptoms appear, you should definitely check with your gynecologist first. For douching, a ready-made solution of 0.05% is used, which does not require additional dilution. Before douching, you need to lie down horizontally and, after squeezing a few drops of the product from the bottle into the vagina, lie down for a few minutes. If allergic reactions develop, such procedures should not be performed.
How to use Chlorhexidine for inflammatory diseases urinary tract next: 2-3 ml of 0.05% is injected into the urinary canal once or twice a day. The course of treatment lasts 10 days. This method of application is practiced in men and women.
To treat burns, wounds and other skin injuries, a solution of the drug 0.05%, 0.02% or 0.5% is used. It is used for irrigation or applications. The application is left for a period of 1 to 3 minutes. A spray with a similar active ingredient can also be used.
If necessary, disinfect the skin before surgical intervention A 20% solution of Chlorhexidine bigluconate is used, which is diluted with 70% ethyl alcohol (1 part of a 20% solution of Chlorhexidine bigluconate and 40 parts of 70% alcohol). The surgical field is treated twice with an interval of 2 minutes.
In ENT practice, Chlorhexidine is used for, pharyngitis , . You should gargle with a sore throat with a solution of 0.2% or 0.5%.
Before you use Chlorhexidine for gargling , it is recommended to rinse your mouth thoroughly warm water. Next, gargling for a sore throat is carried out as follows: you should take 10–15 ml (about a tablespoon) of the solution, which can be used to gargle for about 30 seconds. You can repeat these steps one more time. After rinsing, it is advisable not to take food or liquid for 1 hour. The doctor will tell you how to gargle with Chlorhexidine, as well as how many times a day you need to perform this procedure for the throat, taking into account the patient’s individual symptoms. You should also ask the specialist whether it is possible to gargle with Chlorhexidine if the patient notices side effects.
It should be noted that if rinsing your mouth with Chlorhexidine causes a burning sensation, then most likely the solution is too concentrated. The highest permissible concentration is no more than 0.5%. You must first study the instructions on how to dilute the medicine for mouth rinsing. After teeth extraction, rinse your mouth three times a day for 1 minute. Is it possible to rinse your mouth more often and how to rinse your mouth if complications are noted after tooth extraction, you need to find out from a specialist.
Chlorhexidine solution should not be swallowed while rinsing; if the solution accidentally gets into the stomach, you need to drink activated carbon tablets (1 tablet per 10 kg of person’s weight).
Many people are convinced that Miramistin and Chlorhexidine are the same thing. In fact, these drugs do belong to the same class of antiseptics. What is the difference between Chlorhexidine and Miramistin? active substances contained in the preparations. Miramistin is not a complete analogue of Chlorhexidine. It has a pronounced antifungal and antiviral effect. Therefore, there are some differences in the indications for use of this drug. Miramistin is not contraindicated for people suffering from dermatitis.
Hexicon.
For the treatment of children, the drug is used with caution and only after a doctor’s prescription.
Chlorhexidine during pregnancy and during pregnancy breastfeeding can be applied topically. However, despite the fact that pregnancy is not a contraindication to the use of the drug, prolonged use of the solution is not recommended.
Gargling during pregnancy is possible only under the supervision of a doctor.
Update: October 2018
Chlorhexidine is a popular medicinal product, a local antiseptic that has been successfully used as a universal disinfectant and antimicrobial agent, and is especially popular in the post-Soviet countries.
The chemical compound chlorhexidine was discovered in Great Britain in 1950, and already in 1954 the first skin antiseptic based on this substance appeared. Subsequently, the substance began to be added to urological lubricants, to impregnate catheters, implants, and uniforms of medical personnel. Included in a number of mouth rinses and toothpastes. Widely used in veterinary medicine.
It is noteworthy that during the period of commercial use and numerous studies of chlorhexidine, the possibility of the formation of chlorhexidine-resistant microorganisms has not been confirmed. However, the use of Chlorhexidine has the potential to cause bacterial resistance to antibiotics. The drug belongs to the budget group medicines, remains available for broad masses population.
Pharmgroup: antiseptic for local use.
The drug is present on the pharmaceutical market in several dosage forms, each of which is characterized by its own scope of application. In addition to the drugs described below, registered in Russia, there are creams, gels, and ointments with a similar active ingredient.
Solution 0.05%(aqueous solution of chlorhexidine) |
Spray |
Candles(commercial name - hexicon) |
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Main substance: 0.5 mg chlorhexidine bigluconate in 1 ml solution |
25 mg chlorhexidine solution 20% in 1 bottle | 16 mg chlorhexidine bigluconate in 1 supp. |
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Excipients: Purified water to the required volume |
Ethyl alcohol 95% - 718.5 ml; purified water, until the solution volume is 1 liter | Polyethylene oxide 400, polyethylene oxide 1500 |
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Physico-chemical properties: Liquid, clear solution |
Colorless, transparent, sometimes slightly opalescent liquid with an alcoholic odor | Vaginal suppositories white or yellowish color, torpedo-shaped, slightly marbled surface. |
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Packaging, price: Available in various types packaging (plastic, glass bottles), with or without dispensers. Price: 0.05% solution 100 ml: 10-15 rub. |
70 and 100 ml in bottles/vials with a nozzle or a cap with a spray. Price 100 ml: 98 rub.
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1 or 5 supp. In blister packaging. 1, 2 packages per pack. Price: No. 10 – 270-280 rub.
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The instructions for use of chlorhexidine indicate that the drug has a local antiseptic effect, mostly bactericidal. Changes the properties and composition of cell membranes of microorganisms. Cations formed during the dissociation of salts of the active substance begin to react with the shell bacterial cells having a negative charge. The lipophilic groups of the antiseptic promote the disaggregation of the membrane of microorganisms, which has a lipoprotein structure, and lead to disruption of the osmotic balance, loss of phosphorus and potassium from the bacterial cell. Destruction of the cytoplasmic membrane ultimately leads to the death of bacteria.
Chlorhexidine digluconate solution is effective against a wide range of microorganisms: Trichomonas vaginalis, Bacteroides fragilis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Gardnerella vaginalis, Chlamidia spp., Treponema pallidum, Ureaplasma spp. Has a moderate effect on individual strains of Pseudomonas spp. and Proteus spp. Viruses (except herpes virus) and fungal spores are resistant to the drug.
It has a long-lasting antibacterial effect and can be used for antiseptic treatment of the surgical field and the surgeon’s hands, since after treatment active substance remains on the skin for some time. Retains antimicrobial activity in a purulent environment, blood, but the effectiveness is somewhat reduced.
Local application does not have a systemic effect - the drug is not absorbed into the bloodstream.
Application in gynecology:
In dentistry and ENT practice:
As a local antiseptic for:
Also used for disinfection of work surfaces, equipment, instruments, thermometers that do not allow heat treatment.
Not contraindicated during lactation and pregnancy.
Prescribed with caution for the treatment of children. If any form of chlorhexidine is accidentally swallowed, immediately rinse the stomach with sufficient water and then take the adsorbent.
The spray should not be applied to mucous membranes and wounds. The solution and spray are not allowed for contact with auditory nerve and meninges. In case of accidental contact with these areas, rinse the drug thoroughly under running water. If the spray gets into your eyes, also rinse with water and drop in albucid.
The drug is incompatible with alkalis, soap and other anionic compounds (gum arabic, colloids, carboxymethylcellulose, sodium lauryl sulfate, saponins). Not used simultaneously with other antiseptics.
Do not forget that chlorhexidine is a drug, not a hygiene product, so it cannot be used for everyday rinsing of the mouth and teeth, as well as douching. There are strict indications for which such a procedure is advisable and necessary, and they should be adhered to. If you use chlorhexidine uncontrollably, this is fraught with an imbalance of microflora, the development of dysbacteriosis and allergic reactions.
INSTRUCTIONS
ON THE MEDICAL USE OF THE DRUG
Trade name:
CHLORHEXIDINE BIGLUCONATE
(CHLORHEXIDINE BIGLUCONATE)
International generic name(INN):
CHLORHEXIDINE
Dosage form:
solution 20%
Compound
Active substance:
Chlorhexidine bigluconate 20 g
Excipients:
Water up to 100 ml
Description
Colorless or light yellow transparent liquid
Pharmacotherapeutic group
Antiseptic and disinfectant.
ATX code: D08AC02
Pharmacological action
Pharmacodynamics
Antiseptic and disinfectant. Depending on the concentration used, it exhibits both bacteriostatic and bactericidal effect. The bacteriological effect of both aqueous and alcoholic working solutions) manifests itself in a concentration of 0.01% or less; bactericidal - in a concentration of more than 0.01% at a temperature of 22°C and exposure for 1 minute. Fungicidal effect - at a concentration of 0.05%, at a temperature of 22°C and exposure for 10 minutes. Virucidal effect - manifests itself at a concentration of 0.01-1%.
Effective against pathogens of sexually transmitted infections - gardnerella, genital herpes; gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria - Treponema spp., Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Trichomonas spp., Chlamidia spp., Ureaplasma spp.
Does not affect acid-resistant forms of bacteria, microbial spores, fungi.
Stable, after treatment of the skin (hands, surgical field) remains on it in a certain amount sufficient for manifestation bactericidal effect. Retains activity (albeit somewhat reduced) in the presence of blood, pus, various secretions and organic substances.
It extremely rarely causes allergic reactions, irritation of skin and tissues, and does not have a damaging effect on objects made of glass, plastic and metals.
Pharmacokinetics
Practically not absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. After accidental ingestion of 300 mg, Cmax is reached after 30 minutes and is 0.206 µg/l.
Mainly displayed from feces(90%), less than 1% is excreted by the kidneys.
Indications for use
As a preventative and remedy for various infections, for antiseptic treatment and disinfection.
-0.05%, 0.1%, 0.2% aqueous solutions:
-0.05% and 0.2% solutions:
-0.2% solution:
-0.5% solution:
-1% solution:
-5% concentrate:
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, dermatitis.
With caution - childhood(up to 18 years old)
Directions for use and doses
Chlorhexidine is used as a prophylactic and therapeutic agent externally and locally, as well as for disinfection.
0.05%, 0.02% and 0.5% aqueous solutions are used in the form of irrigation, rinsing and applications (5-10 ml are applied to the affected surface of the skin or mucous membranes):
A diluted 0.05% solution is injected into the urethra for men (2-3 ml), women (1-2 ml) and into the vagina (5-10 ml) for 2-3 minutes. It is also necessary to treat the skin of the inner thighs, pubis, and genitals. After the procedure, do not urinate for 2 hours.
For disinfection:
Treatment of medical instruments and working surfaces is carried out with a clean sponge moistened with an antiseptic solution, or by soaking. To quickly sterilize instruments, use the same 0.5% solution for 5 minutes.
A 0.1% aqueous solution of chlorhexidine can also be used to disinfect premises, sanitary equipment, etc.
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Procedure |
Dilution of the drug and type of solvent |
Solution concentration containing chlorhexidine bigluconate |
Special Requirements |
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Disinfection of hands and operating areas |
1:40 at 70% ethyl alcohol |
Treatment with the solution for at least 5 minutes. |
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Antiseptic treatment of wounds and burns |
1:40 in the water |
Use sterilized water. Sterilize the solution at a temperature of 115-116 ° C for 30 minutes in an autoclave. |
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Antiseptics in gynecology and obstetrics |
Use sterilized water. The solution is sterilized at a temperature of 115-116°C for 30 minutes in an autoclave. |
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Cystoscopy, bladder lavage |
1:1000 in water, or saline solution sodium chloride. |
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Washing of the peritoneum, pleura (operational procedures) |
1:1000 in water |
Sterile solution |
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Antiseptics for urethral catheterization |
Combine aseptically with sterile glycerin. |
Overdose
In case of accidental ingestion, it is practically not absorbed (gastric lavage should be done using milk, raw egg, gelatin or mild soap). If necessary, symptomatic therapy is carried out.
Side effect
In rare cases, allergic reactions may occur ( skin rash), dry skin, itching, dermatitis, sticky hands (for 3-5 minutes), photosensitivity.
Discoloration of teeth, tartar deposits and taste disturbances with long-term use for oral antiseptics.
Interaction with other drugs
Used in a neutral environment; at pH 5-8 the difference in activity is small; at pH more than 8, a precipitate forms. The use of hard water somewhat reduces the bactericidal properties.
Chlorhexidine bigluconate is a cationic substance and does not combine with soap and other anionic compounds such as colloids, gum arabic, carboxymethylcellulose.
At a concentration of 1:2000, it is incompatible with borates, carbonates, chlorides, citrates, phosphates, sulfates, creating poorly soluble sediments after 24 hours.
Compatible with drugs containing a cationic group (benzalkonium chloride, centrimonium bromide).
Increases the sensitivity of bacteria to chloramphenicol, kanamycin, neomycin, cephalosporins.
Ethanol enhances the effectiveness of the drug.
Special instructions
In patients with open craniocerebral trauma, injuries spinal cord, perforation eardrum contact of the drug with the surface of the brain should be avoided, meninges and into the tympanic cavity.
In case of contact with the mucous membranes of the eye, they should be quickly and thoroughly rinsed with water.
Do not mix chlorhexidine with other disinfectants and detergents. Contact with hypochlorine bleaches on fabrics that have previously been in contact with chlorhexidine-containing products may cause brown stains.
Do not expose clothing that has been in contact with chlorhexidine to hypochlorites and other compounds that release active chlorine.
Do not dilute with hard water. Aqueous solutions Can be sterilized in an autoclave at 116°C for 30 minutes. Do not sterilize using ionizing radiation.
Release form
Solution 20%.
500 ml bottles made of dyed polypropylene with a cap.
For pharmacies - 1 bottle with instructions in a cardboard box.
For hospitals - 16 bottles per box with instructions.
Storage conditions:
At temperatures from 1°C to 25°C.
Protect from light.
Keep out of the reach of children.
Best before date
3 years.
Diluted solutions should be stored for no more than a week.
Do not use after expiration date.
Vacation conditions
Over the counter.
Manufacturer:
